diff --git a/sound/pci/ali5451/ali5451.c b/sound/pci/ali5451/ali5451.c
index 1f747c3..e336534 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ali5451/ali5451.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ali5451/ali5451.c
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@
 			schedule_timeout(1);
 		}
 	} while (time_after_eq(end_time, jiffies));
-	snd_printk("ali_stimer_read: stimer is not ready.\n");
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "ali_stimer_read: stimer is not ready.\n");
 	return -EIO;
 }
 
@@ -438,7 +438,7 @@
 	unsigned int port = 0;
 
 	if (reg >= 0x80) {
-		snd_printk("ali_codec_poke: reg(%xh) invalid.\n", reg);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "ali_codec_poke: reg(%xh) invalid.\n", reg);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -467,7 +467,7 @@
 	unsigned int port = 0;
 
 	if (reg >= 0x80) {
-		snd_printk("ali_codec_peek: reg(%xh) invalid.\n", reg);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "ali_codec_peek: reg(%xh) invalid.\n", reg);
 		return ~0;
 	}
 
@@ -671,7 +671,7 @@
 	unsigned int idx =  channel & 0x1f;
 
 	if (codec->synth.chcnt >= ALI_CHANNELS){
-		snd_printk("ali_alloc_pcm_channel: no free channels.\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "ali_alloc_pcm_channel: no free channels.\n");
 		return -1;
 	}
 
@@ -702,7 +702,7 @@
 		if ((result = snd_ali_alloc_pcm_channel(codec,idx)) >= 0) {
 			return result;
 		} else {
-			snd_printk("ali_find_free_channel: record channel is busy now.\n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "ali_find_free_channel: record channel is busy now.\n");
 			return -1;
 		}
 	}
@@ -714,7 +714,7 @@
 		if ((result = snd_ali_alloc_pcm_channel(codec,idx)) >= 0) {
 			return result;
 		} else {
-			snd_printk("ali_find_free_channel: S/PDIF out channel is in busy now.\n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "ali_find_free_channel: S/PDIF out channel is in busy now.\n");
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -722,7 +722,7 @@
 		if ((result = snd_ali_alloc_pcm_channel(codec,idx)) >= 0)
 			return result;
 	}
-	snd_printk("ali_find_free_channel: no free channels.\n");
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "ali_find_free_channel: no free channels.\n");
 	return -1;
 }
 
@@ -736,7 +736,7 @@
 		return;
 
 	if (!(codec->synth.chmap & (1 << idx))) {
-		snd_printk("ali_free_channel_pcm: channel %d is not in use.\n",channel);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "ali_free_channel_pcm: channel %d is not in use.\n",channel);
 		return;
 	} else {
 		codec->synth.chmap &= ~(1 << idx);
@@ -798,7 +798,7 @@
 	}
 
 	if (count > 50000) {
-		snd_printk("ali_detect_spdif_rate: timeout!\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "ali_detect_spdif_rate: timeout!\n");
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -811,7 +811,7 @@
 	}
 
 	if (count > 50000) {
-		snd_printk("ali_detect_spdif_rate: timeout!\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "ali_detect_spdif_rate: timeout!\n");
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -1079,7 +1079,7 @@
 		idx = channel > 0 ? snd_ali_alloc_pcm_channel(codec, channel) :
 			snd_ali_find_free_channel(codec,rec);
 		if(idx < 0) {
-			snd_printk("ali_alloc_voice: err.\n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "ali_alloc_voice: err.\n");
 			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&codec->voice_alloc, flags);
 			return NULL;
 		}
@@ -1481,13 +1481,13 @@
 		}
 		rate = snd_ali_get_spdif_in_rate(codec);
 		if (rate == 0) {
-			snd_printk("ali_capture_preapre: spdif rate detect err!\n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_WARNING "ali_capture_preapre: spdif rate detect err!\n");
 			rate = 48000;
 		}
 		bValue = inb(ALI_REG(codec,ALI_SPDIF_CTRL));
 		if (bValue & 0x10) {
 			outb(bValue,ALI_REG(codec,ALI_SPDIF_CTRL));
-			printk("clear SPDIF parity error flag.\n");
+			printk(KERN_WARNING "clear SPDIF parity error flag.\n");
 		}
 
 		if (rate != 48000)
@@ -1816,7 +1816,7 @@
 	err = snd_pcm_new(codec->card, desc->name, device,
 			  desc->playback_num, desc->capture_num, &pcm);
 	if (err < 0) {
-		snd_printk("snd_ali_pcm: err called snd_pcm_new.\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "snd_ali_pcm: err called snd_pcm_new.\n");
 		return err;
 	}
 	pcm->private_data = codec;
@@ -1994,7 +1994,7 @@
 	for ( i = 0 ; i < codec->num_of_codecs ; i++) {
 		ac97.num = i;
 		if ((err = snd_ac97_mixer(codec->ac97_bus, &ac97, &codec->ac97[i])) < 0) {
-			snd_printk("ali mixer %d creating error.\n", i);
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "ali mixer %d creating error.\n", i);
 			if(i == 0)
 				return err;
 			codec->num_of_codecs = 1;
@@ -2128,7 +2128,7 @@
 	snd_ali_printk("chip initializing ... \n");
 
 	if (snd_ali_reset_5451(codec)) {
-		snd_printk("ali_chip_init: reset 5451 error.\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "ali_chip_init: reset 5451 error.\n");
 		return -1;
 	}
 
@@ -2203,7 +2203,7 @@
 	codec->port = pci_resource_start(codec->pci, 0);
 
 	if (request_irq(codec->pci->irq, snd_ali_card_interrupt, SA_INTERRUPT|SA_SHIRQ, "ALI 5451", (void *)codec)) {
-		snd_printk("Unable to request irq.\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "Unable to request irq.\n");
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
 	codec->irq = codec->pci->irq;
@@ -2243,7 +2243,7 @@
 	/* check, if we can restrict PCI DMA transfers to 31 bits */
 	if (pci_set_dma_mask(pci, 0x7fffffff) < 0 ||
 	    pci_set_consistent_dma_mask(pci, 0x7fffffff) < 0) {
-		snd_printk("architecture does not support 31bit PCI busmaster DMA\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "architecture does not support 31bit PCI busmaster DMA\n");
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return -ENXIO;
 	}
@@ -2332,7 +2332,7 @@
 	}
 
 	if ((err = snd_ali_chip_init(codec)) < 0) {
-		snd_printk("ali create: chip init error.\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "ali create: chip init error.\n");
 		return err;
 	}
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/als4000.c b/sound/pci/als4000.c
index 8a32cd9..7c61561f 100644
--- a/sound/pci/als4000.c
+++ b/sound/pci/als4000.c
@@ -667,7 +667,7 @@
 	/* check, if we can restrict PCI DMA transfers to 24 bits */
 	if (pci_set_dma_mask(pci, 0x00ffffff) < 0 ||
 	    pci_set_consistent_dma_mask(pci, 0x00ffffff) < 0) {
-		snd_printk("architecture does not support 24bit PCI busmaster DMA\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "architecture does not support 24bit PCI busmaster DMA\n");
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return -ENXIO;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0.c b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0.c
index 04b695d..6af3b13 100644
--- a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0.c
+++ b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0.c
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@
 	if (snd_seq_device_new(card, 1, SNDRV_SEQ_DEV_ID_VORTEX_SYNTH,
 			       sizeof(snd_vortex_synth_arg_t), &wave) < 0
 	    || wave == NULL) {
-		snd_printk("Can't initialize Aureal wavetable synth\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "Can't initialize Aureal wavetable synth\n");
 	} else {
 		snd_vortex_synth_arg_t *arg;
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_a3d.c b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_a3d.c
index 9ea2ba7..d5755db 100644
--- a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_a3d.c
+++ b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_a3d.c
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@
 	int i, var, var2;
 
 	if ((a->vortex) == NULL) {
-		printk("vortex: ZeroStateA3D: ERROR: a->vortex is NULL\n");
+		printk(KERN_ERR "vortex: ZeroStateA3D: ERROR: a->vortex is NULL\n");
 		return;
 	}
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_core.c b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_core.c
index 91ac4f3..5905188 100644
--- a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_core.c
+++ b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_core.c
@@ -2033,7 +2033,7 @@
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	printk("vortex: FATAL: ResManager: resource type %d exhausted.\n", restype);
+	printk(KERN_ERR "vortex: FATAL: ResManager: resource type %d exhausted.\n", restype);
 	return -ENOMEM;
 }
 
@@ -2165,7 +2165,7 @@
 				memset(stream->resources, 0,
 				       sizeof(unsigned char) *
 				       VORTEX_RESOURCE_LAST);
-				printk("vortex: out of A3D sources. Sorry\n");
+				printk(KERN_ERR "vortex: out of A3D sources. Sorry\n");
 				return -EBUSY;
 			}
 			/* (De)Initialize A3D hardware source. */
diff --git a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_eq.c b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_eq.c
index 53b47a4..9d933cc 100644
--- a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_eq.c
+++ b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_eq.c
@@ -854,7 +854,7 @@
 
 	vortex_Eqlzr_GetAllPeaks(vortex, peaks, &count);
 	if (count != 20) {
-		printk("vortex: peak count error 20 != %d \n", count);
+		printk(KERN_ERR "vortex: peak count error 20 != %d \n", count);
 		return -1;
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < 20; i++)
diff --git a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_synth.c b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_synth.c
index 400417d..65f375b 100644
--- a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_synth.c
+++ b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_synth.c
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@
 	hwwrite(vortex->mmio, WT_PARM(wt, 2), 0);
 
 	temp = hwread(vortex->mmio, WT_PARM(wt, 3));
-	printk("vortex: WT PARM3: %x\n", temp);
+	printk(KERN_DEBUG "vortex: WT PARM3: %x\n", temp);
 	//hwwrite(vortex->mmio, WT_PARM(wt, 3), temp);
 
 	hwwrite(vortex->mmio, WT_DELAY(wt, 0), 0);
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@
 	hwwrite(vortex->mmio, WT_DELAY(wt, 2), 0);
 	hwwrite(vortex->mmio, WT_DELAY(wt, 3), 0);
 
-	printk("vortex: WT GMODE: %x\n", hwread(vortex->mmio, WT_GMODE(wt)));
+	printk(KERN_DEBUG "vortex: WT GMODE: %x\n", hwread(vortex->mmio, WT_GMODE(wt)));
 
 	hwwrite(vortex->mmio, WT_PARM(wt, 2), 0xffffffff);
 	hwwrite(vortex->mmio, WT_PARM(wt, 3), 0xcff1c810);
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
 	voice->parm0 = voice->parm1 = 0xcfb23e2f;
 	hwwrite(vortex->mmio, WT_PARM(wt, 0), voice->parm0);
 	hwwrite(vortex->mmio, WT_PARM(wt, 1), voice->parm1);
-	printk("vortex: WT GMODE 2 : %x\n", hwread(vortex->mmio, WT_GMODE(wt)));
+	printk(KERN_DEBUG "vortex: WT GMODE 2 : %x\n", hwread(vortex->mmio, WT_GMODE(wt)));
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@
 		}
 	} else {
 		if (wt >= NR_WT) {
-			printk("vortex: WT SetReg: voice out of range\n");
+			printk(KERN_ERR "vortex: WT SetReg: voice out of range\n");
 			return 0;
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/azt3328.c b/sound/pci/azt3328.c
index dc638f39..8260079 100644
--- a/sound/pci/azt3328.c
+++ b/sound/pci/azt3328.c
@@ -669,7 +669,7 @@
 	case 48000: val |= 0x06; break;
 	case 64000: val |= 0x07; break;
 	default:
-		snd_printk("unknown bitrate %d, assuming 44.1kHz!\n", bitrate);
+		snd_printk(KERN_WARNING "unknown bitrate %d, assuming 44.1kHz!\n", bitrate);
 		val |= 0x05; /* 44100 */
 		break;
 	}
@@ -854,10 +854,10 @@
 		chip->is_playing = 0;
 		break;
         case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_PUSH:
-		snd_printk("FIXME: SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_PUSH NIY!\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "FIXME: SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_PUSH NIY!\n");
                 break;
         case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_RELEASE:
-		snd_printk("FIXME: SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_RELEASE NIY!\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "FIXME: SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_RELEASE NIY!\n");
                 break;
         default:
                 return -EINVAL;
@@ -935,10 +935,10 @@
 		chip->is_playing = 0;
 		break;
         case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_PUSH:
-		snd_printk("FIXME: SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_PUSH NIY!\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "FIXME: SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_PUSH NIY!\n");
                 break;
         case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_RELEASE:
-		snd_printk("FIXME: SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_RELEASE NIY!\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "FIXME: SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_RELEASE NIY!\n");
                 break;
         default:
                 return -EINVAL;
@@ -1356,7 +1356,7 @@
 	/* check if we can restrict PCI DMA transfers to 24 bits */
 	if (pci_set_dma_mask(pci, 0x00ffffff) < 0 ||
 	    pci_set_consistent_dma_mask(pci, 0x00ffffff) < 0) {
-		snd_printk("architecture does not support 24bit PCI busmaster DMA\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "architecture does not support 24bit PCI busmaster DMA\n");
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return -ENXIO;
 	}
@@ -1374,7 +1374,7 @@
 	chip->mixer_port = pci_resource_start(pci, 4);
 
 	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_azf3328_interrupt, SA_INTERRUPT|SA_SHIRQ, card->shortname, (void *)chip)) {
-		snd_printk("unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
 		snd_azf3328_free(chip);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
@@ -1450,7 +1450,7 @@
 	if ((err = snd_mpu401_uart_new( card, 0, MPU401_HW_MPU401,
 				        chip->mpu_port, 1, pci->irq, 0,
 				        &chip->rmidi)) < 0) {
-		snd_printk("azf3328: no MPU-401 device at 0x%lx?\n", chip->mpu_port);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "azf3328: no MPU-401 device at 0x%lx?\n", chip->mpu_port);
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1462,7 +1462,7 @@
 
 	if (snd_opl3_create(card, chip->synth_port, chip->synth_port+2,
 			    OPL3_HW_AUTO, 1, &opl3) < 0) {
-		snd_printk("azf3328: no OPL3 device at 0x%lx-0x%lx?\n",
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "azf3328: no OPL3 device at 0x%lx-0x%lx?\n",
 			   chip->synth_port, chip->synth_port+2 );
 	} else {
 		if ((err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL)) < 0) {
diff --git a/sound/pci/ca0106/ca0106_main.c b/sound/pci/ca0106/ca0106_main.c
index 0d9d892..f6920ef 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ca0106/ca0106_main.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ca0106/ca0106_main.c
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@
 	int retry;
 	if ((reg > 0x7f) || (value > 0x1ff))
 	{
-                snd_printk("i2c_write: invalid values.\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "i2c_write: invalid values.\n");
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@
 
 	if(retry==10)
 	{
-                snd_printk("Writing to ADC failed!\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "Writing to ADC failed!\n");
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
     
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@
 
 	epcm = kzalloc(sizeof(*epcm), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (epcm == NULL) {
-                snd_printk("open_capture_channel: failed epcm alloc\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "open_capture_channel: failed epcm alloc\n");
 		return -ENOMEM;
         }
 	epcm->emu = chip;
diff --git a/sound/pci/cmipci.c b/sound/pci/cmipci.c
index db093bc..57e8e43 100644
--- a/sound/pci/cmipci.c
+++ b/sound/pci/cmipci.c
@@ -2839,7 +2839,7 @@
 	cm->iobase = pci_resource_start(pci, 0);
 
 	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_cmipci_interrupt, SA_INTERRUPT|SA_SHIRQ, card->driver, (void *)cm)) {
-		snd_printk("unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
 		snd_cmipci_free(cm);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/cs46xx/cs46xx_lib.c b/sound/pci/cs46xx/cs46xx_lib.c
index 147836f..9b8af5b 100644
--- a/sound/pci/cs46xx/cs46xx_lib.c
+++ b/sound/pci/cs46xx/cs46xx_lib.c
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@
 			goto ok1;
 	}
 
-	snd_printk("AC'97 read problem (ACCTL_DCV), reg = 0x%x\n", reg);
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "AC'97 read problem (ACCTL_DCV), reg = 0x%x\n", reg);
 	result = 0xffff;
 	goto end;
 	
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@
 		udelay(10);
 	}
 	
-	snd_printk("AC'97 read problem (ACSTS_VSTS), codec_index %d, reg = 0x%x\n", codec_index, reg);
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "AC'97 read problem (ACSTS_VSTS), codec_index %d, reg = 0x%x\n", codec_index, reg);
 	result = 0xffff;
 	goto end;
 
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@
 			goto end;
 		}
 	}
-	snd_printk("AC'97 write problem, codec_index = %d, reg = 0x%x, val = 0x%x\n", codec_index, reg, val);
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "AC'97 write problem, codec_index = %d, reg = 0x%x, val = 0x%x\n", codec_index, reg, val);
  end:
 	chip->active_ctrl(chip, -1);
 }
@@ -510,7 +510,7 @@
 	}
 
 	if (snd_cs46xx_peek(chip, BA1_SPCR) & SPCR_RUNFR)
-		snd_printk("SPCR_RUNFR never reset\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "SPCR_RUNFR never reset\n");
 }
 
 static void snd_cs46xx_proc_stop(cs46xx_t *chip)
@@ -2403,7 +2403,7 @@
 		msleep(10);
 	} while (time_after_eq(end_time, jiffies));
 
-	snd_printk("CS46xx secondary codec dont respond!\n");  
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "CS46xx secondary codec doesn't respond!\n");  
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -3072,8 +3072,8 @@
 	}
 
 
-	snd_printk("create - never read codec ready from AC'97\n");
-	snd_printk("it is not probably bug, try to use CS4236 driver\n");
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "create - never read codec ready from AC'97\n");
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "it is not probably bug, try to use CS4236 driver\n");
 	return -EIO;
  ok1:
 #ifdef CONFIG_SND_CS46XX_NEW_DSP
@@ -3121,17 +3121,17 @@
 	}
 
 #ifndef CONFIG_SND_CS46XX_NEW_DSP
-	snd_printk("create - never read ISV3 & ISV4 from AC'97\n");
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "create - never read ISV3 & ISV4 from AC'97\n");
 	return -EIO;
 #else
 	/* This may happen on a cold boot with a Terratec SiXPack 5.1.
 	   Reloading the driver may help, if there's other soundcards 
 	   with the same problem I would like to know. (Benny) */
 
-	snd_printk("ERROR: snd-cs46xx: never read ISV3 & ISV4 from AC'97\n");
-	snd_printk("       Try reloading the ALSA driver, if you find something\n");
-        snd_printk("       broken or not working on your soundcard upon\n");
-	snd_printk("       this message please report to alsa-devel@lists.sourceforge.net\n");
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "ERROR: snd-cs46xx: never read ISV3 & ISV4 from AC'97\n");
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "       Try reloading the ALSA driver, if you find something\n");
+        snd_printk(KERN_ERR "       broken or not working on your soundcard upon\n");
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "       this message please report to alsa-devel@lists.sourceforge.net\n");
 
 	return -EIO;
 #endif
@@ -3212,7 +3212,7 @@
 #else
 	/* old image */
 	if (snd_cs46xx_download_image(chip) < 0) {
-		snd_printk("image download error\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "image download error\n");
 		return -EIO;
 	}
 
@@ -3787,7 +3787,7 @@
 	chip->ba1_addr = pci_resource_start(pci, 1);
 	if (chip->ba0_addr == 0 || chip->ba0_addr == (unsigned long)~0 ||
 	    chip->ba1_addr == 0 || chip->ba1_addr == (unsigned long)~0) {
-	    	snd_printk("wrong address(es) - ba0 = 0x%lx, ba1 = 0x%lx\n", chip->ba0_addr, chip->ba1_addr);
+	    	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "wrong address(es) - ba0 = 0x%lx, ba1 = 0x%lx\n", chip->ba0_addr, chip->ba1_addr);
 	    	snd_cs46xx_free(chip);
 	    	return -ENOMEM;
 	}
@@ -3836,12 +3836,12 @@
 	}
 
 	if (external_amp) {
-		snd_printk("Crystal EAPD support forced on.\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_INFO "Crystal EAPD support forced on.\n");
 		chip->amplifier_ctrl = amp_voyetra;
 	}
 
 	if (thinkpad) {
-		snd_printk("Activating CLKRUN hack for Thinkpad.\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_INFO "Activating CLKRUN hack for Thinkpad.\n");
 		chip->active_ctrl = clkrun_hack;
 		clkrun_init(chip);
 	}
@@ -3858,20 +3858,20 @@
 	for (idx = 0; idx < 5; idx++) {
 		region = &chip->region.idx[idx];
 		if ((region->resource = request_mem_region(region->base, region->size, region->name)) == NULL) {
-			snd_printk("unable to request memory region 0x%lx-0x%lx\n", region->base, region->base + region->size - 1);
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to request memory region 0x%lx-0x%lx\n", region->base, region->base + region->size - 1);
 			snd_cs46xx_free(chip);
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 		region->remap_addr = ioremap_nocache(region->base, region->size);
 		if (region->remap_addr == NULL) {
-			snd_printk("%s ioremap problem\n", region->name);
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "%s ioremap problem\n", region->name);
 			snd_cs46xx_free(chip);
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		}
 	}
 
 	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_cs46xx_interrupt, SA_INTERRUPT|SA_SHIRQ, "CS46XX", (void *) chip)) {
-		snd_printk("unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
 		snd_cs46xx_free(chip);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1.c b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1.c
index b0e00f0..dd1ea9d 100644
--- a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1.c
+++ b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1.c
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@
 	if (snd_seq_device_new(card, 1, SNDRV_SEQ_DEV_ID_EMU10K1_SYNTH,
 			       sizeof(snd_emu10k1_synth_arg_t), &wave) < 0 ||
 	    wave == NULL) {
-		snd_printk("can't initialize Emu10k1 wavetable synth\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_WARNING "can't initialize Emu10k1 wavetable synth\n");
 	} else {
 		snd_emu10k1_synth_arg_t *arg;
 		arg = SNDRV_SEQ_DEVICE_ARGPTR(wave);
diff --git a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emufx.c b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emufx.c
index 177c4ad..03e8c16 100644
--- a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emufx.c
+++ b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emufx.c
@@ -1392,7 +1392,7 @@
 		A_SWITCH(icode, &ptr, tmp + 1, playback + SND_EMU10K1_PLAYBACK_CHANNELS + z, tmp + 1);
 		if ((z==1) && (emu->card_capabilities->spdif_bug)) {
 			/* Due to a SPDIF output bug on some Audigy cards, this code delays the Right channel by 1 sample */
-			snd_printk("Installing spdif_bug patch: %s\n", emu->card_capabilities->name);
+			snd_printk(KERN_INFO "Installing spdif_bug patch: %s\n", emu->card_capabilities->name);
 			A_OP(icode, &ptr, iACC3, A_EXTOUT(A_EXTOUT_FRONT_L + z), A_GPR(gpr - 3), A_C_00000000, A_C_00000000);
 			A_OP(icode, &ptr, iACC3, A_GPR(gpr - 3), A_GPR(tmp + 0), A_GPR(tmp + 1), A_C_00000000);
 		} else {
diff --git a/sound/pci/emu10k1/irq.c b/sound/pci/emu10k1/irq.c
index cd8460d..594ea06 100644
--- a/sound/pci/emu10k1/irq.c
+++ b/sound/pci/emu10k1/irq.c
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
 		orig_status = status;
 		handled = 1;
 		if (status & IPR_PCIERROR) {
-			snd_printk("interrupt: PCI error\n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "interrupt: PCI error\n");
 			snd_emu10k1_intr_disable(emu, INTE_PCIERRORENABLE);
 			status &= ~IPR_PCIERROR;
 		}
diff --git a/sound/pci/emu10k1/memory.c b/sound/pci/emu10k1/memory.c
index 6afeaea..d42e4ae 100644
--- a/sound/pci/emu10k1/memory.c
+++ b/sound/pci/emu10k1/memory.c
@@ -232,11 +232,11 @@
 static int is_valid_page(emu10k1_t *emu, dma_addr_t addr)
 {
 	if (addr & ~emu->dma_mask) {
-		snd_printk("max memory size is 0x%lx (addr = 0x%lx)!!\n", emu->dma_mask, (unsigned long)addr);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "max memory size is 0x%lx (addr = 0x%lx)!!\n", emu->dma_mask, (unsigned long)addr);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (addr & (EMUPAGESIZE-1)) {
-		snd_printk("page is not aligned\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "page is not aligned\n");
 		return 0;
 	}
 	return 1;
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@
 	snd_assert(page >= 0 && page < emu->max_cache_pages, return NULL);
 	ptr = emu->page_ptr_table[page];
 	if (! ptr) {
-		printk("emu10k1: access to NULL ptr: page = %d\n", page);
+		printk(KERN_ERR "emu10k1: access to NULL ptr: page = %d\n", page);
 		return NULL;
 	}
 	ptr += offset & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
diff --git a/sound/pci/emu10k1/p16v.c b/sound/pci/emu10k1/p16v.c
index d59c7f3..e27ebb9 100644
--- a/sound/pci/emu10k1/p16v.c
+++ b/sound/pci/emu10k1/p16v.c
@@ -546,7 +546,7 @@
 	ptr=ptr2;
 	if (ptr >= runtime->buffer_size) {
 		ptr -= runtime->buffer_size;
-		printk("buffer capture limited!\n");
+		printk(KERN_WARNING "buffer capture limited!\n");
 	}
 	//printk("ptr1 = 0x%lx, ptr2=0x%lx, ptr=0x%lx, buffer_size = 0x%x, period_size = 0x%x, bits=%d, rate=%d\n", ptr1, ptr2, ptr, (int)runtime->buffer_size, (int)runtime->period_size, (int)runtime->frame_bits, (int)runtime->rate);
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/ens1370.c b/sound/pci/ens1370.c
index bef9a59..b4d0a9c 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ens1370.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ens1370.c
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@
 			return r;
 		cond_resched();
 	}
-	snd_printk("wait source ready timeout 0x%lx [0x%x]\n", ES_REG(ensoniq, 1371_SMPRATE), r);
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "wait source ready timeout 0x%lx [0x%x]\n", ES_REG(ensoniq, 1371_SMPRATE), r);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -579,7 +579,7 @@
 		set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
 		schedule_timeout(1);
 	} while (time_after(end_time, jiffies));
-	snd_printk("codec write timeout, status = 0x%x\n", inl(ES_REG(ensoniq, STATUS)));
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "codec write timeout, status = 0x%x\n", inl(ES_REG(ensoniq, STATUS)));
 }
 
 #endif /* CHIP1370 */
@@ -620,7 +620,7 @@
 		}
 	}
 	up(&ensoniq->src_mutex);
-	snd_printk("codec write timeout at 0x%lx [0x%x]\n", ES_REG(ensoniq, 1371_CODEC), inl(ES_REG(ensoniq, 1371_CODEC)));
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "codec write timeout at 0x%lx [0x%x]\n", ES_REG(ensoniq, 1371_CODEC), inl(ES_REG(ensoniq, 1371_CODEC)));
 }
 
 static unsigned short snd_es1371_codec_read(ac97_t *ac97,
@@ -667,14 +667,14 @@
 			}
 			up(&ensoniq->src_mutex);
 			if (++fail > 10) {
-				snd_printk("codec read timeout (final) at 0x%lx, reg = 0x%x [0x%x]\n", ES_REG(ensoniq, 1371_CODEC), reg, inl(ES_REG(ensoniq, 1371_CODEC)));
+				snd_printk(KERN_ERR "codec read timeout (final) at 0x%lx, reg = 0x%x [0x%x]\n", ES_REG(ensoniq, 1371_CODEC), reg, inl(ES_REG(ensoniq, 1371_CODEC)));
 				return 0;
 			}
 			goto __again;
 		}
 	}
 	up(&ensoniq->src_mutex);
-	snd_printk("es1371: codec read timeout at 0x%lx [0x%x]\n", ES_REG(ensoniq, 1371_CODEC), inl(ES_REG(ensoniq, 1371_CODEC)));
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "es1371: codec read timeout at 0x%lx [0x%x]\n", ES_REG(ensoniq, 1371_CODEC), inl(ES_REG(ensoniq, 1371_CODEC)));
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1960,7 +1960,7 @@
 	}
 	ensoniq->port = pci_resource_start(pci, 0);
 	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_audiopci_interrupt, SA_INTERRUPT|SA_SHIRQ, "Ensoniq AudioPCI", (void *)ensoniq)) {
-		snd_printk("unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
 		snd_ensoniq_free(ensoniq);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
@@ -1968,7 +1968,7 @@
 #ifdef CHIP1370
 	if (snd_dma_alloc_pages(SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV, snd_dma_pci_data(pci),
 				16, &ensoniq->dma_bug) < 0) {
-		snd_printk("unable to allocate space for phantom area - dma_bug\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to allocate space for phantom area - dma_bug\n");
 		snd_ensoniq_free(ensoniq);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/es1938.c b/sound/pci/es1938.c
index 7bfbdfc..78f90de 100644
--- a/sound/pci/es1938.c
+++ b/sound/pci/es1938.c
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@
 	outb(val, SLSB_REG(chip, MIXERDATA));
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->mixer_lock, flags);
 #ifdef REG_DEBUG
-	snd_printk("Mixer reg %02x set to %02x\n", reg, val);
+	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "Mixer reg %02x set to %02x\n", reg, val);
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@
 	data = inb(SLSB_REG(chip, MIXERDATA));
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->mixer_lock, flags);
 #ifdef REG_DEBUG
-	snd_printk("Mixer reg %02x now is %02x\n", reg, data);
+	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "Mixer reg %02x now is %02x\n", reg, data);
 #endif
 	return data;
 }
@@ -303,7 +303,8 @@
 		new = (old & ~mask) | (val & mask);
 		outb(new, SLSB_REG(chip, MIXERDATA));
 #ifdef REG_DEBUG
-		snd_printk("Mixer reg %02x was %02x, set to %02x\n", reg, old, new);
+		snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "Mixer reg %02x was %02x, set to %02x\n",
+			   reg, old, new);
 #endif
 	}
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->mixer_lock, flags);
@@ -323,7 +324,7 @@
 			return;
 		}
 	}
-	printk("snd_es1938_write_cmd timeout (0x02%x/0x02%x)\n", cmd, v);
+	printk(KERN_ERR "snd_es1938_write_cmd timeout (0x02%x/0x02%x)\n", cmd, v);
 }
 
 /* -----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -336,7 +337,7 @@
 	for (i = GET_LOOP_TIMEOUT; i; i--)
 		if ((v = inb(SLSB_REG(chip, STATUS))) & 0x80)
 			return inb(SLSB_REG(chip, READDATA));
-	snd_printk("get_byte timeout: status 0x02%x\n", v);
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "get_byte timeout: status 0x02%x\n", v);
 	return -ENODEV;
 }
 
@@ -351,7 +352,7 @@
 	snd_es1938_write_cmd(chip, val);
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
 #ifdef REG_DEBUG
-	snd_printk("Reg %02x set to %02x\n", reg, val);
+	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "Reg %02x set to %02x\n", reg, val);
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -368,7 +369,7 @@
 	val = snd_es1938_get_byte(chip);
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
 #ifdef REG_DEBUG
-	snd_printk("Reg %02x now is %02x\n", reg, val);
+	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "Reg %02x now is %02x\n", reg, val);
 #endif
 	return val;
 }
@@ -390,7 +391,8 @@
 		new = (old & ~mask) | (val & mask);
 		snd_es1938_write_cmd(chip, new);
 #ifdef REG_DEBUG
-		snd_printk("Reg %02x was %02x, set to %02x\n", reg, old, new);
+		snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "Reg %02x was %02x, set to %02x\n",
+			   reg, old, new);
 #endif
 	}
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
@@ -413,7 +415,7 @@
 				goto __next;
 		}
 	}
-	snd_printk("ESS Solo-1 reset failed\n");
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "ESS Solo-1 reset failed\n");
 
      __next:
 	snd_es1938_write_cmd(chip, ESS_CMD_ENABLEEXT);
@@ -1499,7 +1501,7 @@
         /* check, if we can restrict PCI DMA transfers to 24 bits */
 	if (pci_set_dma_mask(pci, 0x00ffffff) < 0 ||
 	    pci_set_consistent_dma_mask(pci, 0x00ffffff) < 0) {
-                snd_printk("architecture does not support 24bit PCI busmaster DMA\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "architecture does not support 24bit PCI busmaster DMA\n");
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
                 return -ENXIO;
         }
@@ -1524,13 +1526,13 @@
 	chip->mpu_port = pci_resource_start(pci, 3);
 	chip->game_port = pci_resource_start(pci, 4);
 	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_es1938_interrupt, SA_INTERRUPT|SA_SHIRQ, "ES1938", (void *)chip)) {
-		snd_printk("unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
 		snd_es1938_free(chip);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
 	chip->irq = pci->irq;
 #ifdef ES1938_DDEBUG
-	snd_printk("create: io: 0x%lx, sb: 0x%lx, vc: 0x%lx, mpu: 0x%lx, game: 0x%lx\n",
+	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "create: io: 0x%lx, sb: 0x%lx, vc: 0x%lx, mpu: 0x%lx, game: 0x%lx\n",
 		   chip->io_port, chip->sb_port, chip->vc_port, chip->mpu_port, chip->game_port);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/es1968.c b/sound/pci/es1968.c
index 1bf094b..ac8294e 100644
--- a/sound/pci/es1968.c
+++ b/sound/pci/es1968.c
@@ -1462,13 +1462,13 @@
 						   snd_dma_pci_data(chip->pci),
 						   chip->total_bufsize, &chip->dma);
 		if (err < 0 || ! chip->dma.area) {
-			snd_printk("es1968: can't allocate dma pages for size %d\n",
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "es1968: can't allocate dma pages for size %d\n",
 				   chip->total_bufsize);
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		}
 		if ((chip->dma.addr + chip->dma.bytes - 1) & ~((1 << 28) - 1)) {
 			snd_dma_free_pages(&chip->dma);
-			snd_printk("es1968: DMA buffer beyond 256MB.\n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "es1968: DMA buffer beyond 256MB.\n");
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		}
 	}
@@ -1741,11 +1741,11 @@
 
 	/* search 2 APUs (although one apu is enough) */
 	if ((apu = snd_es1968_alloc_apu_pair(chip, ESM_APU_PCM_PLAY)) < 0) {
-		snd_printk("Hmm, cannot find empty APU pair!?\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "Hmm, cannot find empty APU pair!?\n");
 		return;
 	}
 	if ((memory = snd_es1968_new_memory(chip, CLOCK_MEASURE_BUFSIZE)) == NULL) {
-		snd_printk("cannot allocate dma buffer - using default clock %d\n", chip->clock);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "cannot allocate dma buffer - using default clock %d\n", chip->clock);
 		snd_es1968_free_apu_pair(chip, apu);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -1806,7 +1806,7 @@
 	else
 		t += stop_time.tv_usec - start_time.tv_usec;
 	if (t == 0) {
-		snd_printk("?? calculation error..\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "?? calculation error..\n");
 	} else {
 		offset *= 1000;
 		offset = (offset / t) * 1000 + ((offset % t) * 1000) / t;
@@ -2090,7 +2090,7 @@
 	outw(inw(ioaddr + 0x3c) & 0xfffc, ioaddr + 0x3c);
 
 #if 0				/* the loop here needs to be much better if we want it.. */
-	snd_printk("trying software reset\n");
+	snd_printk(KERN_INFO "trying software reset\n");
 	/* try and do a software reset */
 	outb(0x80 | 0x7c, ioaddr + 0x30);
 	for (w = 0;; w++) {
@@ -2562,7 +2562,7 @@
 	/* check, if we can restrict PCI DMA transfers to 28 bits */
 	if (pci_set_dma_mask(pci, 0x0fffffff) < 0 ||
 	    pci_set_consistent_dma_mask(pci, 0x0fffffff) < 0) {
-		snd_printk("architecture does not support 28bit PCI busmaster DMA\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "architecture does not support 28bit PCI busmaster DMA\n");
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return -ENXIO;
 	}
@@ -2597,7 +2597,7 @@
 	chip->io_port = pci_resource_start(pci, 0);
 	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_es1968_interrupt, SA_INTERRUPT|SA_SHIRQ,
 			"ESS Maestro", (void*)chip)) {
-		snd_printk("unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
 		snd_es1968_free(chip);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/fm801.c b/sound/pci/fm801.c
index e5cfa2a..47dbe31 100644
--- a/sound/pci/fm801.c
+++ b/sound/pci/fm801.c
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@
 			goto ok1;
 		udelay(10);
 	}
-	snd_printk("AC'97 interface is busy (1)\n");
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "AC'97 interface is busy (1)\n");
 	return;
 
  ok1:
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@
 			return;
 		udelay(10);
 	}
-	snd_printk("AC'97 interface #%d is busy (2)\n", ac97->num);
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "AC'97 interface #%d is busy (2)\n", ac97->num);
 }
 
 static unsigned short snd_fm801_codec_read(ac97_t *ac97, unsigned short reg)
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@
 			goto ok1;
 		udelay(10);
 	}
-	snd_printk("AC'97 interface is busy (1)\n");
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "AC'97 interface is busy (1)\n");
 	return 0;
 
  ok1:
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@
 			goto ok2;
 		udelay(10);
 	}
-	snd_printk("AC'97 interface #%d is busy (2)\n", ac97->num);
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "AC'97 interface #%d is busy (2)\n", ac97->num);
 	return 0;
 
  ok2:
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@
 			goto ok3;
 		udelay(10);
 	}
-	snd_printk("AC'97 interface #%d is not valid (2)\n", ac97->num);
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "AC'97 interface #%d is not valid (2)\n", ac97->num);
 	return 0;
 
  ok3:
@@ -1279,7 +1279,7 @@
 	}
 	chip->port = pci_resource_start(pci, 0);
 	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_fm801_interrupt, SA_INTERRUPT|SA_SHIRQ, "FM801", (void *)chip)) {
-		snd_printk("unable to grab IRQ %d\n", chip->irq);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", chip->irq);
 		snd_fm801_free(chip);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
@@ -1306,7 +1306,7 @@
 		set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
 		schedule_timeout(1);
 	} while (time_after(timeout, jiffies));
-	snd_printk("Primary AC'97 codec not found\n");
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "Primary AC'97 codec not found\n");
 	snd_fm801_free(chip);
 	return -EIO;
 
@@ -1346,7 +1346,7 @@
 		set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
 		schedule_timeout(1);
 	} while (time_after(timeout, jiffies));
-	snd_printk("Primary AC'97 codec not responding\n");
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "Primary AC'97 codec not responding\n");
 	snd_fm801_free(chip);
 	return -EIO;
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/ice1712/aureon.c b/sound/pci/ice1712/aureon.c
index 2e0a316..40b4818 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ice1712/aureon.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ice1712/aureon.c
@@ -1672,9 +1672,9 @@
 		snd_ice1712_save_gpio_status(ice);
 		id = aureon_cs8415_get(ice, CS8415_ID);
 		if (id != 0x41)
-			snd_printk("No CS8415 chip. Skipping CS8415 controls.\n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_INFO "No CS8415 chip. Skipping CS8415 controls.\n");
 		else if ((id & 0x0F) != 0x01)
-			snd_printk("Detected unsupported CS8415 rev. (%c)\n", (char)((id & 0x0F) + 'A' - 1));
+			snd_printk(KERN_INFO "Detected unsupported CS8415 rev. (%c)\n", (char)((id & 0x0F) + 'A' - 1));
 		else {
 			for (i = 0; i< ARRAY_SIZE(cs8415_controls); i++) {
 				snd_kcontrol_t *kctl;
diff --git a/sound/pci/ice1712/delta.c b/sound/pci/ice1712/delta.c
index 39fbe66..576f69d 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ice1712/delta.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ice1712/delta.c
@@ -546,7 +546,7 @@
 	case ICE1712_SUBDEVICE_DELTA1010LT:
 	case ICE1712_SUBDEVICE_VX442:
 		if ((err = snd_i2c_bus_create(ice->card, "ICE1712 GPIO 1", NULL, &ice->i2c)) < 0) {
-			snd_printk("unable to create I2C bus\n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to create I2C bus\n");
 			return err;
 		}
 		ice->i2c->private_data = ice;
diff --git a/sound/pci/ice1712/ews.c b/sound/pci/ice1712/ews.c
index e36efa1..c8ec5ca 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ice1712/ews.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ice1712/ews.c
@@ -438,7 +438,7 @@
 
 	/* create i2c */
 	if ((err = snd_i2c_bus_create(ice->card, "ICE1712 GPIO 1", NULL, &ice->i2c)) < 0) {
-		snd_printk("unable to create I2C bus\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to create I2C bus\n");
 		return err;
 	}
 	ice->i2c->private_data = ice;
@@ -448,7 +448,7 @@
 	switch (ice->eeprom.subvendor) {
 	case ICE1712_SUBDEVICE_DMX6FIRE:
 		if ((err = snd_i2c_device_create(ice->i2c, "PCF9554", ICE1712_6FIRE_PCF9554_ADDR, &ice->spec.i2cdevs[EWS_I2C_6FIRE])) < 0) {
-			snd_printk("PCF9554 initialization failed\n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "PCF9554 initialization failed\n");
 			return err;
 		}
 		snd_ice1712_6fire_write_pca(ice, PCF9554_REG_CONFIG, 0x80);
@@ -791,7 +791,7 @@
 	byte = 0;
 	if (snd_i2c_readbytes(ice->spec.i2cdevs[EWS_I2C_6FIRE], &byte, 1) != 1) {
 		snd_i2c_unlock(ice->i2c);
-		printk("cannot read pca\n");
+		printk(KERN_ERR "cannot read pca\n");
 		return -EIO;
 	}
 	snd_i2c_unlock(ice->i2c);
diff --git a/sound/pci/ice1712/ice1712.c b/sound/pci/ice1712/ice1712.c
index a6d9801..5aca377 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ice1712/ice1712.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ice1712/ice1712.c
@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@
 	if ((err = snd_cs8427_create(ice->i2c, addr,
 				     (ice->cs8427_timeout * HZ) / 1000,
 				     &ice->cs8427)) < 0) {
-		snd_printk("CS8427 initialization failed\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "CS8427 initialization failed\n");
 		return err;
 	}
 	ice->spdif.ops.open = open_cs8427;
@@ -2348,12 +2348,12 @@
 	if (ice->eeprom.size < 6)
 		ice->eeprom.size = 32; /* FIXME: any cards without the correct size? */
 	else if (ice->eeprom.size > 32) {
-		snd_printk("invalid EEPROM (size = %i)\n", ice->eeprom.size);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "invalid EEPROM (size = %i)\n", ice->eeprom.size);
 		return -EIO;
 	}
 	ice->eeprom.version = snd_ice1712_read_i2c(ice, dev, 0x05);
 	if (ice->eeprom.version != 1) {
-		snd_printk("invalid EEPROM version %i\n", ice->eeprom.version);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "invalid EEPROM version %i\n", ice->eeprom.version);
 		/* return -EIO; */
 	}
 	size = ice->eeprom.size - 6;
@@ -2524,7 +2524,7 @@
 	/* check, if we can restrict PCI DMA transfers to 28 bits */
 	if (pci_set_dma_mask(pci, 0x0fffffff) < 0 ||
 	    pci_set_consistent_dma_mask(pci, 0x0fffffff) < 0) {
-		snd_printk("architecture does not support 28bit PCI busmaster DMA\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "architecture does not support 28bit PCI busmaster DMA\n");
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return -ENXIO;
 	}
@@ -2573,7 +2573,7 @@
 	ice->profi_port = pci_resource_start(pci, 3);
 
 	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_ice1712_interrupt, SA_INTERRUPT|SA_SHIRQ, "ICE1712", (void *) ice)) {
-		snd_printk("unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
 		snd_ice1712_free(ice);
 		return -EIO;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/ice1712/ice1724.c b/sound/pci/ice1712/ice1724.c
index a1133c5..5b4293f 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ice1712/ice1724.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ice1712/ice1724.c
@@ -2171,7 +2171,7 @@
 	ice->profi_port = pci_resource_start(pci, 1);
 
 	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_vt1724_interrupt, SA_INTERRUPT|SA_SHIRQ, "ICE1724", (void *) ice)) {
-		snd_printk("unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
 		snd_vt1724_free(ice);
 		return -EIO;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/intel8x0.c b/sound/pci/intel8x0.c
index 68d0ed0..d71f5d1 100644
--- a/sound/pci/intel8x0.c
+++ b/sound/pci/intel8x0.c
@@ -538,7 +538,7 @@
 	/* access to some forbidden (non existant) ac97 registers will not
 	 * reset the semaphore. So even if you don't get the semaphore, still
 	 * continue the access. We don't need the semaphore anyway. */
-	snd_printk("codec_semaphore: semaphore is not ready [0x%x][0x%x]\n",
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "codec_semaphore: semaphore is not ready [0x%x][0x%x]\n",
 			igetbyte(chip, ICHREG(ACC_SEMA)), igetdword(chip, ICHREG(GLOB_STA)));
 	iagetword(chip, 0);	/* clear semaphore flag */
 	/* I don't care about the semaphore */
@@ -553,7 +553,7 @@
 	
 	if (snd_intel8x0_codec_semaphore(chip, ac97->num) < 0) {
 		if (! chip->in_ac97_init)
-			snd_printk("codec_write %d: semaphore is not ready for register 0x%x\n", ac97->num, reg);
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "codec_write %d: semaphore is not ready for register 0x%x\n", ac97->num, reg);
 	}
 	iaputword(chip, reg + ac97->num * 0x80, val);
 }
@@ -567,7 +567,7 @@
 
 	if (snd_intel8x0_codec_semaphore(chip, ac97->num) < 0) {
 		if (! chip->in_ac97_init)
-			snd_printk("codec_read %d: semaphore is not ready for register 0x%x\n", ac97->num, reg);
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "codec_read %d: semaphore is not ready for register 0x%x\n", ac97->num, reg);
 		res = 0xffff;
 	} else {
 		res = iagetword(chip, reg + ac97->num * 0x80);
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@
 			/* reset RCS and preserve other R/WC bits */
 			iputdword(chip, ICHREG(GLOB_STA), tmp & ~(ICH_SRI|ICH_PRI|ICH_TRI|ICH_GSCI));
 			if (! chip->in_ac97_init)
-				snd_printk("codec_read %d: read timeout for register 0x%x\n", ac97->num, reg);
+				snd_printk(KERN_ERR "codec_read %d: read timeout for register 0x%x\n", ac97->num, reg);
 			res = 0xffff;
 		}
 	}
@@ -2173,7 +2173,7 @@
 			goto __ok;
 		do_delay(chip);
 	} while (time_after_eq(end_time, jiffies));
-	snd_printk("AC'97 warm reset still in progress? [0x%x]\n", igetdword(chip, ICHREG(GLOB_CNT)));
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "AC'97 warm reset still in progress? [0x%x]\n", igetdword(chip, ICHREG(GLOB_CNT)));
 	return -EIO;
 
       __ok:
@@ -2448,7 +2448,7 @@
 
 	subs = chip->pcm[0]->streams[0].substream;
 	if (! subs || subs->dma_buffer.bytes < INTEL8X0_TESTBUF_SIZE) {
-		snd_printk("no playback buffer allocated - aborting measure ac97 clock\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_WARNING "no playback buffer allocated - aborting measure ac97 clock\n");
 		return;
 	}
 	ichdev = &chip->ichd[ICHD_PCMOUT];
@@ -2655,7 +2655,7 @@
 		chip->remap_addr = ioremap_nocache(chip->addr,
 						   pci_resource_len(pci, 2));
 		if (chip->remap_addr == NULL) {
-			snd_printk("AC'97 space ioremap problem\n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "AC'97 space ioremap problem\n");
 			snd_intel8x0_free(chip);
 			return -EIO;
 		}
@@ -2668,7 +2668,7 @@
 		chip->remap_bmaddr = ioremap_nocache(chip->bmaddr,
 						     pci_resource_len(pci, 3));
 		if (chip->remap_bmaddr == NULL) {
-			snd_printk("Controller space ioremap problem\n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "Controller space ioremap problem\n");
 			snd_intel8x0_free(chip);
 			return -EIO;
 		}
@@ -2678,7 +2678,7 @@
 
  port_inited:
 	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_intel8x0_interrupt, SA_INTERRUPT|SA_SHIRQ, card->shortname, (void *)chip)) {
-		snd_printk("unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
 		snd_intel8x0_free(chip);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/intel8x0m.c b/sound/pci/intel8x0m.c
index 42601f0..49a9f4d 100644
--- a/sound/pci/intel8x0m.c
+++ b/sound/pci/intel8x0m.c
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@
 	/* access to some forbidden (non existant) ac97 registers will not
 	 * reset the semaphore. So even if you don't get the semaphore, still
 	 * continue the access. We don't need the semaphore anyway. */
-	snd_printk("codec_semaphore: semaphore is not ready [0x%x][0x%x]\n",
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "codec_semaphore: semaphore is not ready [0x%x][0x%x]\n",
 			igetbyte(chip, ICHREG(ACC_SEMA)), igetdword(chip, ICHREG(GLOB_STA)));
 	iagetword(chip, 0);	/* clear semaphore flag */
 	/* I don't care about the semaphore */
@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@
 	
 	if (snd_intel8x0m_codec_semaphore(chip, ac97->num) < 0) {
 		if (! chip->in_ac97_init)
-			snd_printk("codec_write %d: semaphore is not ready for register 0x%x\n", ac97->num, reg);
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "codec_write %d: semaphore is not ready for register 0x%x\n", ac97->num, reg);
 	}
 	iaputword(chip, reg + ac97->num * 0x80, val);
 }
@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@
 
 	if (snd_intel8x0m_codec_semaphore(chip, ac97->num) < 0) {
 		if (! chip->in_ac97_init)
-			snd_printk("codec_read %d: semaphore is not ready for register 0x%x\n", ac97->num, reg);
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "codec_read %d: semaphore is not ready for register 0x%x\n", ac97->num, reg);
 		res = 0xffff;
 	} else {
 		res = iagetword(chip, reg + ac97->num * 0x80);
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@
 			/* reset RCS and preserve other R/WC bits */
 			iputdword(chip, ICHREG(GLOB_STA), tmp & ~(ICH_SRI|ICH_PRI|ICH_TRI|ICH_GSCI));
 			if (! chip->in_ac97_init)
-				snd_printk("codec_read %d: read timeout for register 0x%x\n", ac97->num, reg);
+				snd_printk(KERN_ERR "codec_read %d: read timeout for register 0x%x\n", ac97->num, reg);
 			res = 0xffff;
 		}
 	}
@@ -917,7 +917,7 @@
 			goto __ok;
 		do_delay(chip);
 	} while (time_after_eq(end_time, jiffies));
-	snd_printk("AC'97 warm reset still in progress? [0x%x]\n", igetdword(chip, ICHREG(GLOB_CNT)));
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "AC'97 warm reset still in progress? [0x%x]\n", igetdword(chip, ICHREG(GLOB_CNT)));
 	return -EIO;
 
       __ok:
@@ -1143,7 +1143,7 @@
 		chip->remap_addr = ioremap_nocache(chip->addr,
 						   pci_resource_len(pci, 2));
 		if (chip->remap_addr == NULL) {
-			snd_printk("AC'97 space ioremap problem\n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "AC'97 space ioremap problem\n");
 			snd_intel8x0_free(chip);
 			return -EIO;
 		}
@@ -1156,7 +1156,7 @@
 		chip->remap_bmaddr = ioremap_nocache(chip->bmaddr,
 						     pci_resource_len(pci, 3));
 		if (chip->remap_bmaddr == NULL) {
-			snd_printk("Controller space ioremap problem\n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "Controller space ioremap problem\n");
 			snd_intel8x0_free(chip);
 			return -EIO;
 		}
@@ -1166,7 +1166,7 @@
 
  port_inited:
 	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_intel8x0_interrupt, SA_INTERRUPT|SA_SHIRQ, card->shortname, (void *)chip)) {
-		snd_printk("unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
 		snd_intel8x0_free(chip);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/maestro3.c b/sound/pci/maestro3.c
index 7b1b825..ad77b41 100644
--- a/sound/pci/maestro3.c
+++ b/sound/pci/maestro3.c
@@ -1492,7 +1492,7 @@
 	/* set buffer address */
 	s->buffer_addr = substream->runtime->dma_addr;
 	if (s->buffer_addr & 0x3) {
-		snd_printk("oh my, not aligned\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "oh my, not aligned\n");
 		s->buffer_addr = s->buffer_addr & ~0x3;
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -1942,7 +1942,7 @@
 			return 0;
 	} while (i-- > 0);
 
-	snd_printk("ac97 serial bus busy\n");
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "ac97 serial bus busy\n");
 	return 1;
 }
 
@@ -2367,7 +2367,7 @@
 	address = 0x1100 + ((data_bytes/2) * index);
 
 	if ((address + (data_bytes/2)) >= 0x1c00) {
-		snd_printk("no memory for %d bytes at ind %d (addr 0x%x)\n",
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "no memory for %d bytes at ind %d (addr 0x%x)\n",
 			   data_bytes, index, address);
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	}
@@ -2656,7 +2656,7 @@
 	/* check, if we can restrict PCI DMA transfers to 28 bits */
 	if (pci_set_dma_mask(pci, 0x0fffffff) < 0 ||
 	    pci_set_consistent_dma_mask(pci, 0x0fffffff) < 0) {
-		snd_printk("architecture does not support 28bit PCI busmaster DMA\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "architecture does not support 28bit PCI busmaster DMA\n");
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return -ENXIO;
 	}
@@ -2741,7 +2741,7 @@
 
 	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_m3_interrupt, SA_INTERRUPT|SA_SHIRQ,
 			card->driver, (void *)chip)) {
-		snd_printk("unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
 		snd_m3_free(chip);
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/nm256/nm256.c b/sound/pci/nm256/nm256.c
index cccdc57..e7aa151 100644
--- a/sound/pci/nm256/nm256.c
+++ b/sound/pci/nm256/nm256.c
@@ -320,9 +320,9 @@
 snd_nm256_write_buffer(nm256_t *chip, void *src, int offset, int size)
 {
 	offset -= chip->buffer_start;
-#ifdef SNDRV_CONFIG_DEBUG
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
 	if (offset < 0 || offset >= chip->buffer_size) {
-		snd_printk("write_buffer invalid offset = %d size = %d\n", offset, size);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "write_buffer invalid offset = %d size = %d\n", offset, size);
 		return;
 	}
 #endif
@@ -466,7 +466,7 @@
 	if (chip->irq < 0) {
 		if (request_irq(chip->pci->irq, chip->interrupt, SA_INTERRUPT|SA_SHIRQ,
 				chip->card->driver, (void*)chip)) {
-			snd_printk("unable to grab IRQ %d\n", chip->pci->irq);
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", chip->pci->irq);
 			up(&chip->irq_mutex);
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
@@ -1273,7 +1273,7 @@
 
 	temp = ioremap_nocache(chip->buffer_addr + chip->buffer_end - 0x400, 16);
 	if (temp == NULL) {
-		snd_printk("Unable to scan for card signature in video RAM\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "Unable to scan for card signature in video RAM\n");
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
 
@@ -1287,7 +1287,7 @@
 		if (pointer == 0xffffffff ||
 		    pointer < chip->buffer_size ||
 		    pointer > chip->buffer_end) {
-			snd_printk("invalid signature found: 0x%x\n", pointer);
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "invalid signature found: 0x%x\n", pointer);
 			iounmap(temp);
 			return -ENODEV;
 		} else {
@@ -1424,14 +1424,14 @@
 	chip->res_cport = request_mem_region(chip->cport_addr, NM_PORT2_SIZE,
 					     card->driver);
 	if (chip->res_cport == NULL) {
-		snd_printk("memory region 0x%lx (size 0x%x) busy\n",
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "memory region 0x%lx (size 0x%x) busy\n",
 			   chip->cport_addr, NM_PORT2_SIZE);
 		err = -EBUSY;
 		goto __error;
 	}
 	chip->cport = ioremap_nocache(chip->cport_addr, NM_PORT2_SIZE);
 	if (chip->cport == NULL) {
-		snd_printk("unable to map control port %lx\n", chip->cport_addr);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to map control port %lx\n", chip->cport_addr);
 		err = -ENOMEM;
 		goto __error;
 	}
@@ -1489,7 +1489,7 @@
 					      chip->buffer_size,
 					      card->driver);
 	if (chip->res_buffer == NULL) {
-		snd_printk("nm256: buffer 0x%lx (size 0x%x) busy\n",
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "nm256: buffer 0x%lx (size 0x%x) busy\n",
 			   chip->buffer_addr, chip->buffer_size);
 		err = -EBUSY;
 		goto __error;
@@ -1497,7 +1497,7 @@
 	chip->buffer = ioremap_nocache(chip->buffer_addr, chip->buffer_size);
 	if (chip->buffer == NULL) {
 		err = -ENOMEM;
-		snd_printk("unable to map ring buffer at %lx\n", chip->buffer_addr);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to map ring buffer at %lx\n", chip->buffer_addr);
 		goto __error;
 	}
 
@@ -1605,7 +1605,7 @@
 		strcpy(card->driver, "NM256XL+");
 		break;
 	default:
-		snd_printk("invalid device id 0x%x\n", pci->device);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "invalid device id 0x%x\n", pci->device);
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/rme32.c b/sound/pci/rme32.c
index cd313af..e6627b0 100644
--- a/sound/pci/rme32.c
+++ b/sound/pci/rme32.c
@@ -1369,13 +1369,13 @@
 	rme32->port = pci_resource_start(rme32->pci, 0);
 
 	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_rme32_interrupt, SA_INTERRUPT | SA_SHIRQ, "RME32", (void *) rme32)) {
-		snd_printk("unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
 	rme32->irq = pci->irq;
 
 	if ((rme32->iobase = ioremap_nocache(rme32->port, RME32_IO_SIZE)) == 0) {
-		snd_printk("unable to remap memory region 0x%lx-0x%lx\n",
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to remap memory region 0x%lx-0x%lx\n",
 			   rme32->port, rme32->port + RME32_IO_SIZE - 1);
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/rme96.c b/sound/pci/rme96.c
index c495cae..0eddeb1 100644
--- a/sound/pci/rme96.c
+++ b/sound/pci/rme96.c
@@ -1570,13 +1570,13 @@
 	rme96->port = pci_resource_start(rme96->pci, 0);
 
 	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_rme96_interrupt, SA_INTERRUPT|SA_SHIRQ, "RME96", (void *)rme96)) {
-		snd_printk("unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
 	rme96->irq = pci->irq;
 
 	if ((rme96->iobase = ioremap_nocache(rme96->port, RME96_IO_SIZE)) == 0) {
-		snd_printk("unable to remap memory region 0x%lx-0x%lx\n", rme96->port, rme96->port + RME96_IO_SIZE - 1);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to remap memory region 0x%lx-0x%lx\n", rme96->port, rme96->port + RME96_IO_SIZE - 1);
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	}
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/rme9652/rme9652.c b/sound/pci/rme9652/rme9652.c
index b600f45..59fcef9 100644
--- a/sound/pci/rme9652/rme9652.c
+++ b/sound/pci/rme9652/rme9652.c
@@ -779,7 +779,7 @@
 		break;
 
 	default:
-		snd_printk("%s: unknown S/PDIF input rate (bits = 0x%x)\n",
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "%s: unknown S/PDIF input rate (bits = 0x%x)\n",
 			   s->card_name, rate_bits);
 		return 0;
 		break;
@@ -2496,12 +2496,12 @@
 	rme9652->port = pci_resource_start(pci, 0);
 	rme9652->iobase = ioremap_nocache(rme9652->port, RME9652_IO_EXTENT);
 	if (rme9652->iobase == NULL) {
-		snd_printk("unable to remap region 0x%lx-0x%lx\n", rme9652->port, rme9652->port + RME9652_IO_EXTENT - 1);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to remap region 0x%lx-0x%lx\n", rme9652->port, rme9652->port + RME9652_IO_EXTENT - 1);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
 	
 	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_rme9652_interrupt, SA_INTERRUPT|SA_SHIRQ, "rme9652", (void *)rme9652)) {
-		snd_printk("unable to request IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to request IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
 	rme9652->irq = pci->irq;
diff --git a/sound/pci/sonicvibes.c b/sound/pci/sonicvibes.c
index 4f64814..9a35474 100644
--- a/sound/pci/sonicvibes.c
+++ b/sound/pci/sonicvibes.c
@@ -591,7 +591,7 @@
 		return IRQ_NONE;
 	if (status == 0xff) {	/* failure */
 		outb(sonic->irqmask = ~0, SV_REG(sonic, IRQMASK));
-		snd_printk("IRQ failure - interrupts disabled!!\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "IRQ failure - interrupts disabled!!\n");
 		return IRQ_HANDLED;
 	}
 	if (sonic->pcm) {
@@ -1239,7 +1239,7 @@
 	/* check, if we can restrict PCI DMA transfers to 24 bits */
         if (pci_set_dma_mask(pci, 0x00ffffff) < 0 ||
 	    pci_set_consistent_dma_mask(pci, 0x00ffffff) < 0) {
-                snd_printk("architecture does not support 24bit PCI busmaster DMA\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "architecture does not support 24bit PCI busmaster DMA\n");
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
                 return -ENXIO;
         }
@@ -1267,7 +1267,7 @@
 	sonic->game_port = pci_resource_start(pci, 4);
 
 	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_sonicvibes_interrupt, SA_INTERRUPT|SA_SHIRQ, "S3 SonicVibes", (void *)sonic)) {
-		snd_printk("unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
 		snd_sonicvibes_free(sonic);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
@@ -1281,24 +1281,24 @@
 	if (!dmaa) {
 		dmaa = dmaio;
 		dmaio += 0x10;
-		snd_printk("BIOS did not allocate DDMA channel A i/o, allocated at 0x%x\n", dmaa);
+		snd_printk(KERN_INFO "BIOS did not allocate DDMA channel A i/o, allocated at 0x%x\n", dmaa);
 	}
 	if (!dmac) {
 		dmac = dmaio;
 		dmaio += 0x10;
-		snd_printk("BIOS did not allocate DDMA channel C i/o, allocated at 0x%x\n", dmac);
+		snd_printk(KERN_INFO "BIOS did not allocate DDMA channel C i/o, allocated at 0x%x\n", dmac);
 	}
 	pci_write_config_dword(pci, 0x40, dmaa);
 	pci_write_config_dword(pci, 0x48, dmac);
 
 	if ((sonic->res_dmaa = request_region(dmaa, 0x10, "S3 SonicVibes DDMA-A")) == NULL) {
 		snd_sonicvibes_free(sonic);
-		snd_printk("unable to grab DDMA-A port at 0x%x-0x%x\n", dmaa, dmaa + 0x10 - 1);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab DDMA-A port at 0x%x-0x%x\n", dmaa, dmaa + 0x10 - 1);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
 	if ((sonic->res_dmac = request_region(dmac, 0x10, "S3 SonicVibes DDMA-C")) == NULL) {
 		snd_sonicvibes_free(sonic);
-		snd_printk("unable to grab DDMA-C port at 0x%x-0x%x\n", dmac, dmac + 0x10 - 1);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab DDMA-C port at 0x%x-0x%x\n", dmac, dmac + 0x10 - 1);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/trident/trident_main.c b/sound/pci/trident/trident_main.c
index dda6295..08226f5 100644
--- a/sound/pci/trident/trident_main.c
+++ b/sound/pci/trident/trident_main.c
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@
 	}
 
 	if (count == 0 && !trident->ac97_detect) {
-		snd_printk("ac97 codec read TIMEOUT [0x%x/0x%x]!!!\n", reg, data);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "ac97 codec read TIMEOUT [0x%x/0x%x]!!!\n", reg, data);
 		data = 0;
 	}
 
@@ -2990,13 +2990,13 @@
 		_ac97.num = 1;
 		err = snd_ac97_mixer(trident->ac97_bus, &_ac97, &trident->ac97_sec);
 		if (err < 0)
-			snd_printk("SI7018: the secondary codec - invalid access\n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "SI7018: the secondary codec - invalid access\n");
 #if 0	// only for my testing purpose --jk
 		{
 			ac97_t *mc97;
 			err = snd_ac97_modem(trident->card, &_ac97, &mc97);
 			if (err < 0)
-				snd_printk("snd_ac97_modem returned error %i\n", err);
+				snd_printk(KERN_ERR "snd_ac97_modem returned error %i\n", err);
 		}
 #endif
 	}
@@ -3244,7 +3244,7 @@
 			goto __si7018_ok;
 		do_delay(trident);
 	} while (time_after_eq(end_time, jiffies));
-	snd_printk("AC'97 codec ready error [0x%x]\n", inl(TRID_REG(trident, SI_SERIAL_INTF_CTRL)));
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "AC'97 codec ready error [0x%x]\n", inl(TRID_REG(trident, SI_SERIAL_INTF_CTRL)));
 	if (r-- > 0) {
 		end_time = jiffies + HZ;
 		do {
@@ -3542,7 +3542,7 @@
 	/* check, if we can restrict PCI DMA transfers to 30 bits */
 	if (pci_set_dma_mask(pci, 0x3fffffff) < 0 ||
 	    pci_set_consistent_dma_mask(pci, 0x3fffffff) < 0) {
-		snd_printk("architecture does not support 30bit PCI busmaster DMA\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "architecture does not support 30bit PCI busmaster DMA\n");
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return -ENXIO;
 	}
@@ -3579,7 +3579,7 @@
 	trident->port = pci_resource_start(pci, 0);
 
 	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_trident_interrupt, SA_INTERRUPT|SA_SHIRQ, "Trident Audio", (void *) trident)) {
-		snd_printk("unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
 		snd_trident_free(trident);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/trident/trident_memory.c b/sound/pci/trident/trident_memory.c
index 333d379..f3e6c54 100644
--- a/sound/pci/trident/trident_memory.c
+++ b/sound/pci/trident/trident_memory.c
@@ -170,11 +170,11 @@
 static int is_valid_page(unsigned long ptr)
 {
 	if (ptr & ~0x3fffffffUL) {
-		snd_printk("max memory size is 1GB!!\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "max memory size is 1GB!!\n");
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (ptr & (SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE-1)) {
-		snd_printk("page is not aligned\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "page is not aligned\n");
 		return 0;
 	}
 	return 1;
diff --git a/sound/pci/via82xx.c b/sound/pci/via82xx.c
index 3fdb3b1..9b2bea8 100644
--- a/sound/pci/via82xx.c
+++ b/sound/pci/via82xx.c
@@ -865,7 +865,7 @@
 		idx = count >> 24;
 		if (idx >= viadev->tbl_entries) {
 #ifdef POINTER_DEBUG
-			printk("fail: invalid idx = %i/%i\n", idx, viadev->tbl_entries);
+			printk(KERN_DEBUG "fail: invalid idx = %i/%i\n", idx, viadev->tbl_entries);
 #endif
 			res = viadev->lastpos;
 		} else {
@@ -2032,7 +2032,7 @@
 	} while (time_before(jiffies, end_time));
 
 	if ((val = snd_via82xx_codec_xread(chip)) & VIA_REG_AC97_BUSY)
-		snd_printk("AC'97 codec is not ready [0x%x]\n", val);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "AC'97 codec is not ready [0x%x]\n", val);
 
 #if 0 /* FIXME: we don't support the second codec yet so skip the detection now.. */
 	snd_via82xx_codec_xwrite(chip, VIA_REG_AC97_READ |
@@ -2228,7 +2228,7 @@
 			snd_via8233_interrupt :	snd_via686_interrupt,
 			SA_INTERRUPT|SA_SHIRQ,
 			card->driver, (void *)chip)) {
-		snd_printk("unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
 		snd_via82xx_free(chip);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/via82xx_modem.c b/sound/pci/via82xx_modem.c
index ff56eb8..bc7330a 100644
--- a/sound/pci/via82xx_modem.c
+++ b/sound/pci/via82xx_modem.c
@@ -570,7 +570,7 @@
 		res = viadev->lastpos;
 	} else if (check_invalid_pos(viadev, res)) {
 #ifdef POINTER_DEBUG
-		printk("fail: idx = %i/%i, lastpos = 0x%x, bufsize2 = 0x%x, offsize = 0x%x, size = 0x%x, count = 0x%x\n", idx, viadev->tbl_entries, viadev->lastpos, viadev->bufsize2, viadev->idx_table[idx].offset, viadev->idx_table[idx].size, count);
+		printk(KERN_DEBUG "fail: idx = %i/%i, lastpos = 0x%x, bufsize2 = 0x%x, offsize = 0x%x, size = 0x%x, count = 0x%x\n", idx, viadev->tbl_entries, viadev->lastpos, viadev->bufsize2, viadev->idx_table[idx].offset, viadev->idx_table[idx].size, count);
 #endif
 		if (count && size < count) {
 			snd_printd(KERN_ERR "invalid via82xx_cur_ptr, using last valid pointer\n");
@@ -973,7 +973,7 @@
 	} while (time_before(jiffies, end_time));
 
 	if ((val = snd_via82xx_codec_xread(chip)) & VIA_REG_AC97_BUSY)
-		snd_printk("AC'97 codec is not ready [0x%x]\n", val);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "AC'97 codec is not ready [0x%x]\n", val);
 
 	snd_via82xx_codec_xwrite(chip, VIA_REG_AC97_READ |
 				 VIA_REG_AC97_SECONDARY_VALID |
@@ -1102,7 +1102,7 @@
 	chip->port = pci_resource_start(pci, 0);
 	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_via82xx_interrupt, SA_INTERRUPT|SA_SHIRQ,
 			card->driver, (void *)chip)) {
-		snd_printk("unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
 		snd_via82xx_free(chip);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/ymfpci/ymfpci.c b/sound/pci/ymfpci/ymfpci.c
index e50d744..1bbba32 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ymfpci/ymfpci.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ymfpci/ymfpci.c
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@
 			pci_write_config_word(pci, PCIR_DSXG_LEGACY, legacy_ctrl);
 		} else if ((err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL)) < 0) {
 			snd_card_free(card);
-			snd_printk("cannot create opl3 hwdep\n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "cannot create opl3 hwdep\n");
 			return err;
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/ymfpci/ymfpci_main.c b/sound/pci/ymfpci/ymfpci_main.c
index d27f3b5..a531177 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ymfpci/ymfpci_main.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ymfpci/ymfpci_main.c
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@
 		set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
 		schedule_timeout(1);
 	} while (time_before(jiffies, end_time));
-	snd_printk("codec_ready: codec %i is not ready [0x%x]\n", secondary, snd_ymfpci_readw(chip, reg));
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "codec_ready: codec %i is not ready [0x%x]\n", secondary, snd_ymfpci_readw(chip, reg));
 	return -EBUSY;
 }
 
@@ -2288,12 +2288,12 @@
 	pci_set_master(pci);
 
 	if ((chip->res_reg_area = request_mem_region(chip->reg_area_phys, 0x8000, "YMFPCI")) == NULL) {
-		snd_printk("unable to grab memory region 0x%lx-0x%lx\n", chip->reg_area_phys, chip->reg_area_phys + 0x8000 - 1);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab memory region 0x%lx-0x%lx\n", chip->reg_area_phys, chip->reg_area_phys + 0x8000 - 1);
 		snd_ymfpci_free(chip);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
 	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_ymfpci_interrupt, SA_INTERRUPT|SA_SHIRQ, "YMFPCI", (void *) chip)) {
-		snd_printk("unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
 		snd_ymfpci_free(chip);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}