diff --git a/Documentation/RCU/checklist.txt b/Documentation/RCU/checklist.txt
index fc103d7..cdb20d4 100644
--- a/Documentation/RCU/checklist.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RCU/checklist.txt
@@ -310,6 +310,12 @@
 	code under the influence of preempt_disable(), you instead
 	need to use synchronize_irq() or synchronize_sched().
 
+	This same limitation also applies to synchronize_rcu_bh()
+	and synchronize_srcu(), as well as to the asynchronous and
+	expedited forms of the three primitives, namely call_rcu(),
+	call_rcu_bh(), call_srcu(), synchronize_rcu_expedited(),
+	synchronize_rcu_bh_expedited(), and synchronize_srcu_expedited().
+
 12.	Any lock acquired by an RCU callback must be acquired elsewhere
 	with softirq disabled, e.g., via spin_lock_irqsave(),
 	spin_lock_bh(), etc.  Failing to disable irq on a given
diff --git a/Documentation/RCU/trace.txt b/Documentation/RCU/trace.txt
index f6f15ce..672d190 100644
--- a/Documentation/RCU/trace.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RCU/trace.txt
@@ -333,23 +333,23 @@
 The output of "cat rcu/rcu_pending" looks as follows:
 
 rcu_sched:
-  0 np=255892 qsp=53936 rpq=85 cbr=0 cng=14417 gpc=10033 gps=24320 nf=6445 nn=146741
-  1 np=261224 qsp=54638 rpq=33 cbr=0 cng=25723 gpc=16310 gps=2849 nf=5912 nn=155792
-  2 np=237496 qsp=49664 rpq=23 cbr=0 cng=2762 gpc=45478 gps=1762 nf=1201 nn=136629
-  3 np=236249 qsp=48766 rpq=98 cbr=0 cng=286 gpc=48049 gps=1218 nf=207 nn=137723
-  4 np=221310 qsp=46850 rpq=7 cbr=0 cng=26 gpc=43161 gps=4634 nf=3529 nn=123110
-  5 np=237332 qsp=48449 rpq=9 cbr=0 cng=54 gpc=47920 gps=3252 nf=201 nn=137456
-  6 np=219995 qsp=46718 rpq=12 cbr=0 cng=50 gpc=42098 gps=6093 nf=4202 nn=120834
-  7 np=249893 qsp=49390 rpq=42 cbr=0 cng=72 gpc=38400 gps=17102 nf=41 nn=144888
+  0 np=255892 qsp=53936 rpq=85 cbr=0 cng=14417 gpc=10033 gps=24320 nn=146741
+  1 np=261224 qsp=54638 rpq=33 cbr=0 cng=25723 gpc=16310 gps=2849 nn=155792
+  2 np=237496 qsp=49664 rpq=23 cbr=0 cng=2762 gpc=45478 gps=1762 nn=136629
+  3 np=236249 qsp=48766 rpq=98 cbr=0 cng=286 gpc=48049 gps=1218 nn=137723
+  4 np=221310 qsp=46850 rpq=7 cbr=0 cng=26 gpc=43161 gps=4634 nn=123110
+  5 np=237332 qsp=48449 rpq=9 cbr=0 cng=54 gpc=47920 gps=3252 nn=137456
+  6 np=219995 qsp=46718 rpq=12 cbr=0 cng=50 gpc=42098 gps=6093 nn=120834
+  7 np=249893 qsp=49390 rpq=42 cbr=0 cng=72 gpc=38400 gps=17102 nn=144888
 rcu_bh:
-  0 np=146741 qsp=1419 rpq=6 cbr=0 cng=6 gpc=0 gps=0 nf=2 nn=145314
-  1 np=155792 qsp=12597 rpq=3 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=4 gps=8 nf=3 nn=143180
-  2 np=136629 qsp=18680 rpq=1 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=7 gps=6 nf=0 nn=117936
-  3 np=137723 qsp=2843 rpq=0 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=10 gps=7 nf=0 nn=134863
-  4 np=123110 qsp=12433 rpq=0 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=4 gps=2 nf=0 nn=110671
-  5 np=137456 qsp=4210 rpq=1 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=6 gps=5 nf=0 nn=133235
-  6 np=120834 qsp=9902 rpq=2 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=6 gps=3 nf=2 nn=110921
-  7 np=144888 qsp=26336 rpq=0 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=8 gps=2 nf=0 nn=118542
+  0 np=146741 qsp=1419 rpq=6 cbr=0 cng=6 gpc=0 gps=0 nn=145314
+  1 np=155792 qsp=12597 rpq=3 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=4 gps=8 nn=143180
+  2 np=136629 qsp=18680 rpq=1 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=7 gps=6 nn=117936
+  3 np=137723 qsp=2843 rpq=0 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=10 gps=7 nn=134863
+  4 np=123110 qsp=12433 rpq=0 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=4 gps=2 nn=110671
+  5 np=137456 qsp=4210 rpq=1 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=6 gps=5 nn=133235
+  6 np=120834 qsp=9902 rpq=2 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=6 gps=3 nn=110921
+  7 np=144888 qsp=26336 rpq=0 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=8 gps=2 nn=118542
 
 As always, this is once again split into "rcu_sched" and "rcu_bh"
 portions, with CONFIG_TREE_PREEMPT_RCU kernels having an additional
@@ -377,17 +377,6 @@
 o	"gps" is the number of times that a new grace period had started,
 	but this CPU was not yet aware of it.
 
-o	"nf" is the number of times that this CPU suspected that the
-	current grace period had run for too long, and thus needed to
-	be forced.
-
-	Please note that "forcing" consists of sending resched IPIs
-	to holdout CPUs.  If that CPU really still is in an old RCU
-	read-side critical section, then we really do have to wait for it.
-	The assumption behing "forcing" is that the CPU is not still in
-	an old RCU read-side critical section, but has not yet responded
-	for some other reason.
-
 o	"nn" is the number of times that this CPU needed nothing.  Alert
 	readers will note that the rcu "nn" number for a given CPU very
 	closely matches the rcu_bh "np" number for that same CPU.  This
diff --git a/Documentation/RCU/whatisRCU.txt b/Documentation/RCU/whatisRCU.txt
index 69ee188..bf0f6de 100644
--- a/Documentation/RCU/whatisRCU.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RCU/whatisRCU.txt
@@ -873,7 +873,7 @@
 	and code segments with preemption disabled (whether
 	via preempt_disable(), local_irq_save(), local_bh_disable(),
 	or some other mechanism) as if they were explicit RCU readers?
-	If so, you need RCU-sched.
+	If so, RCU-sched is the only choice that will work for you.
 
 e.	Do you need RCU grace periods to complete even in the face
 	of softirq monopolization of one or more of the CPUs?  For
@@ -884,7 +884,12 @@
 	RCU, but inappropriate for other synchronization mechanisms?
 	If so, consider SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU.  But please be careful!
 
-g.	Otherwise, use RCU.
+g.	Do you need read-side critical sections that are respected
+	even though they are in the middle of the idle loop, during
+	user-mode execution, or on an offlined CPU?  If so, SRCU is the
+	only choice that will work for you.
+
+h.	Otherwise, use RCU.
 
 Of course, this all assumes that you have determined that RCU is in fact
 the right tool for your job.
diff --git a/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
index ad7e2e5..55ada04 100644
--- a/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
+++ b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
@@ -2385,6 +2385,17 @@
 	rcutree.rcu_cpu_stall_timeout= [KNL,BOOT]
 			Set timeout for RCU CPU stall warning messages.
 
+	rcutree.jiffies_till_first_fqs= [KNL,BOOT]
+			Set delay from grace-period initialization to
+			first attempt to force quiescent states.
+			Units are jiffies, minimum value is zero,
+			and maximum value is HZ.
+
+	rcutree.jiffies_till_next_fqs= [KNL,BOOT]
+			Set delay between subsequent attempts to force
+			quiescent states.  Units are jiffies, minimum
+			value is one, and maximum value is HZ.
+
 	rcutorture.fqs_duration= [KNL,BOOT]
 			Set duration of force_quiescent_state bursts.
 
diff --git a/arch/alpha/kernel/process.c b/arch/alpha/kernel/process.c
index d6fde98..83638aa 100644
--- a/arch/alpha/kernel/process.c
+++ b/arch/alpha/kernel/process.c
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include <linux/tty.h>
 #include <linux/console.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
 
 #include <asm/reg.h>
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
@@ -54,9 +55,12 @@
 		/* FIXME -- EV6 and LCA45 know how to power down
 		   the CPU.  */
 
+		rcu_idle_enter();
 		while (!need_resched())
 			cpu_relax();
-		schedule();
+
+		rcu_idle_exit();
+		schedule_preempt_disabled();
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/arch/alpha/kernel/smp.c b/arch/alpha/kernel/smp.c
index 35ddc02..a41ad90 100644
--- a/arch/alpha/kernel/smp.c
+++ b/arch/alpha/kernel/smp.c
@@ -166,6 +166,7 @@
 	DBGS(("smp_callin: commencing CPU %d current %p active_mm %p\n",
 	      cpuid, current, current->active_mm));
 
+	preempt_disable();
 	/* Do nothing.  */
 	cpu_idle();
 }
diff --git a/arch/cris/kernel/process.c b/arch/cris/kernel/process.c
index 66fd017..7f65be6 100644
--- a/arch/cris/kernel/process.c
+++ b/arch/cris/kernel/process.c
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include <linux/elfcore.h>
 #include <linux/mqueue.h>
 #include <linux/reboot.h>
+#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
 
 //#define DEBUG
 
@@ -74,6 +75,7 @@
 {
 	/* endless idle loop with no priority at all */
 	while (1) {
+		rcu_idle_enter();
 		while (!need_resched()) {
 			void (*idle)(void);
 			/*
@@ -86,6 +88,7 @@
 				idle = default_idle;
 			idle();
 		}
+		rcu_idle_exit();
 		schedule_preempt_disabled();
 	}
 }
diff --git a/arch/frv/kernel/process.c b/arch/frv/kernel/process.c
index ff95f50..2eb7fa5 100644
--- a/arch/frv/kernel/process.c
+++ b/arch/frv/kernel/process.c
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include <linux/reboot.h>
 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
 
 #include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
@@ -69,12 +70,14 @@
 {
 	/* endless idle loop with no priority at all */
 	while (1) {
+		rcu_idle_enter();
 		while (!need_resched()) {
 			check_pgt_cache();
 
 			if (!frv_dma_inprogress && idle)
 				idle();
 		}
+		rcu_idle_exit();
 
 		schedule_preempt_disabled();
 	}
diff --git a/arch/h8300/kernel/process.c b/arch/h8300/kernel/process.c
index 0e9c315..f153ed1 100644
--- a/arch/h8300/kernel/process.c
+++ b/arch/h8300/kernel/process.c
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 #include <linux/reboot.h>
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
 
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
 #include <asm/traps.h>
@@ -78,8 +79,10 @@
 void cpu_idle(void)
 {
 	while (1) {
+		rcu_idle_enter();
 		while (!need_resched())
 			idle();
+		rcu_idle_exit();
 		schedule_preempt_disabled();
 	}
 }
diff --git a/arch/ia64/kernel/process.c b/arch/ia64/kernel/process.c
index dd6fc14..3e316ec 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/kernel/process.c
+++ b/arch/ia64/kernel/process.c
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include <linux/kdebug.h>
 #include <linux/utsname.h>
 #include <linux/tracehook.h>
+#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
 
 #include <asm/cpu.h>
 #include <asm/delay.h>
@@ -279,6 +280,7 @@
 
 	/* endless idle loop with no priority at all */
 	while (1) {
+		rcu_idle_enter();
 		if (can_do_pal_halt) {
 			current_thread_info()->status &= ~TS_POLLING;
 			/*
@@ -309,6 +311,7 @@
 			normal_xtp();
 #endif
 		}
+		rcu_idle_exit();
 		schedule_preempt_disabled();
 		check_pgt_cache();
 		if (cpu_is_offline(cpu))
diff --git a/arch/m32r/kernel/process.c b/arch/m32r/kernel/process.c
index 3a4a32b..384e63f 100644
--- a/arch/m32r/kernel/process.c
+++ b/arch/m32r/kernel/process.c
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
 #include <linux/unistd.h>
 #include <linux/hardirq.h>
+#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
 
 #include <asm/io.h>
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
@@ -82,6 +83,7 @@
 {
 	/* endless idle loop with no priority at all */
 	while (1) {
+		rcu_idle_enter();
 		while (!need_resched()) {
 			void (*idle)(void) = pm_idle;
 
@@ -90,6 +92,7 @@
 
 			idle();
 		}
+		rcu_idle_exit();
 		schedule_preempt_disabled();
 	}
 }
diff --git a/arch/m68k/kernel/process.c b/arch/m68k/kernel/process.c
index c488e3c..ac2892e 100644
--- a/arch/m68k/kernel/process.c
+++ b/arch/m68k/kernel/process.c
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include <linux/reboot.h>
 #include <linux/init_task.h>
 #include <linux/mqueue.h>
+#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
 
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
 #include <asm/traps.h>
@@ -75,8 +76,10 @@
 {
 	/* endless idle loop with no priority at all */
 	while (1) {
+		rcu_idle_enter();
 		while (!need_resched())
 			idle();
+		rcu_idle_exit();
 		schedule_preempt_disabled();
 	}
 }
diff --git a/arch/mn10300/kernel/process.c b/arch/mn10300/kernel/process.c
index 7dab0cd..e9cceba 100644
--- a/arch/mn10300/kernel/process.c
+++ b/arch/mn10300/kernel/process.c
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include <linux/err.h>
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
 #include <asm/io.h>
@@ -107,6 +108,7 @@
 {
 	/* endless idle loop with no priority at all */
 	for (;;) {
+		rcu_idle_enter();
 		while (!need_resched()) {
 			void (*idle)(void);
 
@@ -121,6 +123,7 @@
 			}
 			idle();
 		}
+		rcu_idle_exit();
 
 		schedule_preempt_disabled();
 	}
diff --git a/arch/parisc/kernel/process.c b/arch/parisc/kernel/process.c
index 2c05a929..8c6b6b6 100644
--- a/arch/parisc/kernel/process.c
+++ b/arch/parisc/kernel/process.c
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
 #include <linux/unistd.h>
 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
 
 #include <asm/io.h>
 #include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
@@ -69,8 +70,10 @@
 
 	/* endless idle loop with no priority at all */
 	while (1) {
+		rcu_idle_enter();
 		while (!need_resched())
 			barrier();
+		rcu_idle_exit();
 		schedule_preempt_disabled();
 		check_pgt_cache();
 	}
diff --git a/arch/score/kernel/process.c b/arch/score/kernel/process.c
index 2707023..637970c 100644
--- a/arch/score/kernel/process.c
+++ b/arch/score/kernel/process.c
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include <linux/reboot.h>
 #include <linux/elfcore.h>
 #include <linux/pm.h>
+#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
 
 void (*pm_power_off)(void);
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pm_power_off);
@@ -50,9 +51,10 @@
 {
 	/* endless idle loop with no priority at all */
 	while (1) {
+		rcu_idle_enter();
 		while (!need_resched())
 			barrier();
-
+		rcu_idle_exit();
 		schedule_preempt_disabled();
 	}
 }
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpuid.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpuid.c
index 39472dd..60c7891 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpuid.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpuid.c
@@ -199,12 +199,14 @@
 		goto out_chrdev;
 	}
 	cpuid_class->devnode = cpuid_devnode;
+	get_online_cpus();
 	for_each_online_cpu(i) {
 		err = cpuid_device_create(i);
 		if (err != 0)
 			goto out_class;
 	}
 	register_hotcpu_notifier(&cpuid_class_cpu_notifier);
+	put_online_cpus();
 
 	err = 0;
 	goto out;
@@ -214,6 +216,7 @@
 	for_each_online_cpu(i) {
 		cpuid_device_destroy(i);
 	}
+	put_online_cpus();
 	class_destroy(cpuid_class);
 out_chrdev:
 	__unregister_chrdev(CPUID_MAJOR, 0, NR_CPUS, "cpu/cpuid");
@@ -225,11 +228,13 @@
 {
 	int cpu = 0;
 
+	get_online_cpus();
 	for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
 		cpuid_device_destroy(cpu);
 	class_destroy(cpuid_class);
 	__unregister_chrdev(CPUID_MAJOR, 0, NR_CPUS, "cpu/cpuid");
 	unregister_hotcpu_notifier(&cpuid_class_cpu_notifier);
+	put_online_cpus();
 }
 
 module_init(cpuid_init);
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/msr.c b/arch/x86/kernel/msr.c
index eb11369..a7c5661 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/msr.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/msr.c
@@ -257,12 +257,14 @@
 		goto out_chrdev;
 	}
 	msr_class->devnode = msr_devnode;
+	get_online_cpus();
 	for_each_online_cpu(i) {
 		err = msr_device_create(i);
 		if (err != 0)
 			goto out_class;
 	}
 	register_hotcpu_notifier(&msr_class_cpu_notifier);
+	put_online_cpus();
 
 	err = 0;
 	goto out;
@@ -271,6 +273,7 @@
 	i = 0;
 	for_each_online_cpu(i)
 		msr_device_destroy(i);
+	put_online_cpus();
 	class_destroy(msr_class);
 out_chrdev:
 	__unregister_chrdev(MSR_MAJOR, 0, NR_CPUS, "cpu/msr");
@@ -281,11 +284,13 @@
 static void __exit msr_exit(void)
 {
 	int cpu = 0;
+	get_online_cpus();
 	for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
 		msr_device_destroy(cpu);
 	class_destroy(msr_class);
 	__unregister_chrdev(MSR_MAJOR, 0, NR_CPUS, "cpu/msr");
 	unregister_hotcpu_notifier(&msr_class_cpu_notifier);
+	put_online_cpus();
 }
 
 module_init(msr_init);
diff --git a/arch/xtensa/kernel/process.c b/arch/xtensa/kernel/process.c
index 2c8d6a3..bc44311 100644
--- a/arch/xtensa/kernel/process.c
+++ b/arch/xtensa/kernel/process.c
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include <linux/mqueue.h>
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
 
 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
@@ -110,8 +111,10 @@
 
 	/* endless idle loop with no priority at all */
 	while (1) {
+		rcu_idle_enter();
 		while (!need_resched())
 			platform_idle();
+		rcu_idle_exit();
 		schedule_preempt_disabled();
 	}
 }
diff --git a/kernel/rcutorture.c b/kernel/rcutorture.c
index 25b1503..aaa7b9f 100644
--- a/kernel/rcutorture.c
+++ b/kernel/rcutorture.c
@@ -53,10 +53,11 @@
 
 static int nreaders = -1;	/* # reader threads, defaults to 2*ncpus */
 static int nfakewriters = 4;	/* # fake writer threads */
-static int stat_interval;	/* Interval between stats, in seconds. */
-				/*  Defaults to "only at end of test". */
+static int stat_interval = 60;	/* Interval between stats, in seconds. */
+				/*  Zero means "only at end of test". */
 static bool verbose;		/* Print more debug info. */
-static bool test_no_idle_hz;	/* Test RCU's support for tickless idle CPUs. */
+static bool test_no_idle_hz = true;
+				/* Test RCU support for tickless idle CPUs. */
 static int shuffle_interval = 3; /* Interval between shuffles (in sec)*/
 static int stutter = 5;		/* Start/stop testing interval (in sec) */
 static int irqreader = 1;	/* RCU readers from irq (timers). */
@@ -119,11 +120,11 @@
 
 #define TORTURE_FLAG "-torture:"
 #define PRINTK_STRING(s) \
-	do { printk(KERN_ALERT "%s" TORTURE_FLAG s "\n", torture_type); } while (0)
+	do { pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG s "\n", torture_type); } while (0)
 #define VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING(s) \
-	do { if (verbose) printk(KERN_ALERT "%s" TORTURE_FLAG s "\n", torture_type); } while (0)
+	do { if (verbose) pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG s "\n", torture_type); } while (0)
 #define VERBOSE_PRINTK_ERRSTRING(s) \
-	do { if (verbose) printk(KERN_ALERT "%s" TORTURE_FLAG "!!! " s "\n", torture_type); } while (0)
+	do { if (verbose) pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG "!!! " s "\n", torture_type); } while (0)
 
 static char printk_buf[4096];
 
@@ -176,8 +177,14 @@
 static long n_rcu_torture_timers;
 static long n_offline_attempts;
 static long n_offline_successes;
+static unsigned long sum_offline;
+static int min_offline = -1;
+static int max_offline;
 static long n_online_attempts;
 static long n_online_successes;
+static unsigned long sum_online;
+static int min_online = -1;
+static int max_online;
 static long n_barrier_attempts;
 static long n_barrier_successes;
 static struct list_head rcu_torture_removed;
@@ -235,7 +242,7 @@
 	if (fullstop == FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP)
 		fullstop = FULLSTOP_SHUTDOWN;
 	else
-		printk(KERN_WARNING /* but going down anyway, so... */
+		pr_warn(/* but going down anyway, so... */
 		       "Concurrent 'rmmod rcutorture' and shutdown illegal!\n");
 	mutex_unlock(&fullstop_mutex);
 	return NOTIFY_DONE;
@@ -248,7 +255,7 @@
 static void rcutorture_shutdown_absorb(char *title)
 {
 	if (ACCESS_ONCE(fullstop) == FULLSTOP_SHUTDOWN) {
-		printk(KERN_NOTICE
+		pr_notice(
 		       "rcutorture thread %s parking due to system shutdown\n",
 		       title);
 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(MAX_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT);
@@ -1214,11 +1221,13 @@
 		       n_rcu_torture_boost_failure,
 		       n_rcu_torture_boosts,
 		       n_rcu_torture_timers);
-	cnt += sprintf(&page[cnt], "onoff: %ld/%ld:%ld/%ld ",
-		       n_online_successes,
-		       n_online_attempts,
-		       n_offline_successes,
-		       n_offline_attempts);
+	cnt += sprintf(&page[cnt],
+		       "onoff: %ld/%ld:%ld/%ld %d,%d:%d,%d %lu:%lu (HZ=%d) ",
+		       n_online_successes, n_online_attempts,
+		       n_offline_successes, n_offline_attempts,
+		       min_online, max_online,
+		       min_offline, max_offline,
+		       sum_online, sum_offline, HZ);
 	cnt += sprintf(&page[cnt], "barrier: %ld/%ld:%ld",
 		       n_barrier_successes,
 		       n_barrier_attempts,
@@ -1267,7 +1276,7 @@
 	int cnt;
 
 	cnt = rcu_torture_printk(printk_buf);
-	printk(KERN_ALERT "%s", printk_buf);
+	pr_alert("%s", printk_buf);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1380,20 +1389,20 @@
 static inline void
 rcu_torture_print_module_parms(struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops, char *tag)
 {
-	printk(KERN_ALERT "%s" TORTURE_FLAG
-		"--- %s: nreaders=%d nfakewriters=%d "
-		"stat_interval=%d verbose=%d test_no_idle_hz=%d "
-		"shuffle_interval=%d stutter=%d irqreader=%d "
-		"fqs_duration=%d fqs_holdoff=%d fqs_stutter=%d "
-		"test_boost=%d/%d test_boost_interval=%d "
-		"test_boost_duration=%d shutdown_secs=%d "
-		"onoff_interval=%d onoff_holdoff=%d\n",
-		torture_type, tag, nrealreaders, nfakewriters,
-		stat_interval, verbose, test_no_idle_hz, shuffle_interval,
-		stutter, irqreader, fqs_duration, fqs_holdoff, fqs_stutter,
-		test_boost, cur_ops->can_boost,
-		test_boost_interval, test_boost_duration, shutdown_secs,
-		onoff_interval, onoff_holdoff);
+	pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
+		 "--- %s: nreaders=%d nfakewriters=%d "
+		 "stat_interval=%d verbose=%d test_no_idle_hz=%d "
+		 "shuffle_interval=%d stutter=%d irqreader=%d "
+		 "fqs_duration=%d fqs_holdoff=%d fqs_stutter=%d "
+		 "test_boost=%d/%d test_boost_interval=%d "
+		 "test_boost_duration=%d shutdown_secs=%d "
+		 "onoff_interval=%d onoff_holdoff=%d\n",
+		 torture_type, tag, nrealreaders, nfakewriters,
+		 stat_interval, verbose, test_no_idle_hz, shuffle_interval,
+		 stutter, irqreader, fqs_duration, fqs_holdoff, fqs_stutter,
+		 test_boost, cur_ops->can_boost,
+		 test_boost_interval, test_boost_duration, shutdown_secs,
+		 onoff_interval, onoff_holdoff);
 }
 
 static struct notifier_block rcutorture_shutdown_nb = {
@@ -1460,9 +1469,9 @@
 	       !kthread_should_stop()) {
 		delta = shutdown_time - jiffies_snap;
 		if (verbose)
-			printk(KERN_ALERT "%s" TORTURE_FLAG
-			       "rcu_torture_shutdown task: %lu jiffies remaining\n",
-			       torture_type, delta);
+			pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
+				 "rcu_torture_shutdown task: %lu jiffies remaining\n",
+				 torture_type, delta);
 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(delta);
 		jiffies_snap = ACCESS_ONCE(jiffies);
 	}
@@ -1490,8 +1499,10 @@
 rcu_torture_onoff(void *arg)
 {
 	int cpu;
+	unsigned long delta;
 	int maxcpu = -1;
 	DEFINE_RCU_RANDOM(rand);
+	unsigned long starttime;
 
 	VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_onoff task started");
 	for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
@@ -1506,29 +1517,51 @@
 		cpu = (rcu_random(&rand) >> 4) % (maxcpu + 1);
 		if (cpu_online(cpu) && cpu_is_hotpluggable(cpu)) {
 			if (verbose)
-				printk(KERN_ALERT "%s" TORTURE_FLAG
-				       "rcu_torture_onoff task: offlining %d\n",
-				       torture_type, cpu);
+				pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
+					 "rcu_torture_onoff task: offlining %d\n",
+					 torture_type, cpu);
+			starttime = jiffies;
 			n_offline_attempts++;
 			if (cpu_down(cpu) == 0) {
 				if (verbose)
-					printk(KERN_ALERT "%s" TORTURE_FLAG
-					       "rcu_torture_onoff task: offlined %d\n",
-					       torture_type, cpu);
+					pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
+						 "rcu_torture_onoff task: offlined %d\n",
+						 torture_type, cpu);
 				n_offline_successes++;
+				delta = jiffies - starttime;
+				sum_offline += delta;
+				if (min_offline < 0) {
+					min_offline = delta;
+					max_offline = delta;
+				}
+				if (min_offline > delta)
+					min_offline = delta;
+				if (max_offline < delta)
+					max_offline = delta;
 			}
 		} else if (cpu_is_hotpluggable(cpu)) {
 			if (verbose)
-				printk(KERN_ALERT "%s" TORTURE_FLAG
-				       "rcu_torture_onoff task: onlining %d\n",
-				       torture_type, cpu);
+				pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
+					 "rcu_torture_onoff task: onlining %d\n",
+					 torture_type, cpu);
+			starttime = jiffies;
 			n_online_attempts++;
 			if (cpu_up(cpu) == 0) {
 				if (verbose)
-					printk(KERN_ALERT "%s" TORTURE_FLAG
-					       "rcu_torture_onoff task: onlined %d\n",
-					       torture_type, cpu);
+					pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
+						 "rcu_torture_onoff task: onlined %d\n",
+						 torture_type, cpu);
 				n_online_successes++;
+				delta = jiffies - starttime;
+				sum_online += delta;
+				if (min_online < 0) {
+					min_online = delta;
+					max_online = delta;
+				}
+				if (min_online > delta)
+					min_online = delta;
+				if (max_online < delta)
+					max_online = delta;
 			}
 		}
 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(onoff_interval * HZ);
@@ -1593,14 +1626,14 @@
 	if (!kthread_should_stop()) {
 		stop_at = get_seconds() + stall_cpu;
 		/* RCU CPU stall is expected behavior in following code. */
-		printk(KERN_ALERT "rcu_torture_stall start.\n");
+		pr_alert("rcu_torture_stall start.\n");
 		rcu_read_lock();
 		preempt_disable();
 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT(get_seconds(), stop_at))
 			continue;  /* Induce RCU CPU stall warning. */
 		preempt_enable();
 		rcu_read_unlock();
-		printk(KERN_ALERT "rcu_torture_stall end.\n");
+		pr_alert("rcu_torture_stall end.\n");
 	}
 	rcutorture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stall");
 	while (!kthread_should_stop())
@@ -1716,12 +1749,12 @@
 	if (n_barrier_cbs == 0)
 		return 0;
 	if (cur_ops->call == NULL || cur_ops->cb_barrier == NULL) {
-		printk(KERN_ALERT "%s" TORTURE_FLAG
-		       " Call or barrier ops missing for %s,\n",
-		       torture_type, cur_ops->name);
-		printk(KERN_ALERT "%s" TORTURE_FLAG
-		       " RCU barrier testing omitted from run.\n",
-		       torture_type);
+		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
+			 " Call or barrier ops missing for %s,\n",
+			 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
+		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
+			 " RCU barrier testing omitted from run.\n",
+			 torture_type);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, 0);
@@ -1814,7 +1847,7 @@
 	mutex_lock(&fullstop_mutex);
 	rcutorture_record_test_transition();
 	if (fullstop == FULLSTOP_SHUTDOWN) {
-		printk(KERN_WARNING /* but going down anyway, so... */
+		pr_warn(/* but going down anyway, so... */
 		       "Concurrent 'rmmod rcutorture' and shutdown illegal!\n");
 		mutex_unlock(&fullstop_mutex);
 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(10);
@@ -1938,17 +1971,17 @@
 			break;
 	}
 	if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops)) {
-		printk(KERN_ALERT "rcu-torture: invalid torture type: \"%s\"\n",
-		       torture_type);
-		printk(KERN_ALERT "rcu-torture types:");
+		pr_alert("rcu-torture: invalid torture type: \"%s\"\n",
+			 torture_type);
+		pr_alert("rcu-torture types:");
 		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++)
-			printk(KERN_ALERT " %s", torture_ops[i]->name);
-		printk(KERN_ALERT "\n");
+			pr_alert(" %s", torture_ops[i]->name);
+		pr_alert("\n");
 		mutex_unlock(&fullstop_mutex);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 	if (cur_ops->fqs == NULL && fqs_duration != 0) {
-		printk(KERN_ALERT "rcu-torture: ->fqs NULL and non-zero fqs_duration, fqs disabled.\n");
+		pr_alert("rcu-torture: ->fqs NULL and non-zero fqs_duration, fqs disabled.\n");
 		fqs_duration = 0;
 	}
 	if (cur_ops->init)
@@ -1996,14 +2029,15 @@
 	/* Start up the kthreads. */
 
 	VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("Creating rcu_torture_writer task");
-	writer_task = kthread_run(rcu_torture_writer, NULL,
-				  "rcu_torture_writer");
+	writer_task = kthread_create(rcu_torture_writer, NULL,
+				     "rcu_torture_writer");
 	if (IS_ERR(writer_task)) {
 		firsterr = PTR_ERR(writer_task);
 		VERBOSE_PRINTK_ERRSTRING("Failed to create writer");
 		writer_task = NULL;
 		goto unwind;
 	}
+	wake_up_process(writer_task);
 	fakewriter_tasks = kzalloc(nfakewriters * sizeof(fakewriter_tasks[0]),
 				   GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (fakewriter_tasks == NULL) {
@@ -2118,14 +2152,15 @@
 	}
 	if (shutdown_secs > 0) {
 		shutdown_time = jiffies + shutdown_secs * HZ;
-		shutdown_task = kthread_run(rcu_torture_shutdown, NULL,
-					    "rcu_torture_shutdown");
+		shutdown_task = kthread_create(rcu_torture_shutdown, NULL,
+					       "rcu_torture_shutdown");
 		if (IS_ERR(shutdown_task)) {
 			firsterr = PTR_ERR(shutdown_task);
 			VERBOSE_PRINTK_ERRSTRING("Failed to create shutdown");
 			shutdown_task = NULL;
 			goto unwind;
 		}
+		wake_up_process(shutdown_task);
 	}
 	i = rcu_torture_onoff_init();
 	if (i != 0) {
diff --git a/kernel/rcutree.c b/kernel/rcutree.c
index ba4f4b4..80fd02e 100644
--- a/kernel/rcutree.c
+++ b/kernel/rcutree.c
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@
 #include <linux/prefetch.h>
 #include <linux/delay.h>
 #include <linux/stop_machine.h>
+#include <linux/random.h>
 
 #include "rcutree.h"
 #include <trace/events/rcu.h>
@@ -61,6 +62,7 @@
 /* Data structures. */
 
 static struct lock_class_key rcu_node_class[RCU_NUM_LVLS];
+static struct lock_class_key rcu_fqs_class[RCU_NUM_LVLS];
 
 #define RCU_STATE_INITIALIZER(sname, cr) { \
 	.level = { &sname##_state.node[0] }, \
@@ -72,7 +74,6 @@
 	.orphan_nxttail = &sname##_state.orphan_nxtlist, \
 	.orphan_donetail = &sname##_state.orphan_donelist, \
 	.barrier_mutex = __MUTEX_INITIALIZER(sname##_state.barrier_mutex), \
-	.fqslock = __RAW_SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED(&sname##_state.fqslock), \
 	.name = #sname, \
 }
 
@@ -88,7 +89,7 @@
 
 /* Increase (but not decrease) the CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT_LEAF at boot time. */
 static int rcu_fanout_leaf = CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT_LEAF;
-module_param(rcu_fanout_leaf, int, 0);
+module_param(rcu_fanout_leaf, int, 0444);
 int rcu_num_lvls __read_mostly = RCU_NUM_LVLS;
 static int num_rcu_lvl[] = {  /* Number of rcu_nodes at specified level. */
 	NUM_RCU_LVL_0,
@@ -175,8 +176,6 @@
 {
 	struct rcu_data *rdp = &per_cpu(rcu_sched_data, cpu);
 
-	rdp->passed_quiesce_gpnum = rdp->gpnum;
-	barrier();
 	if (rdp->passed_quiesce == 0)
 		trace_rcu_grace_period("rcu_sched", rdp->gpnum, "cpuqs");
 	rdp->passed_quiesce = 1;
@@ -186,8 +185,6 @@
 {
 	struct rcu_data *rdp = &per_cpu(rcu_bh_data, cpu);
 
-	rdp->passed_quiesce_gpnum = rdp->gpnum;
-	barrier();
 	if (rdp->passed_quiesce == 0)
 		trace_rcu_grace_period("rcu_bh", rdp->gpnum, "cpuqs");
 	rdp->passed_quiesce = 1;
@@ -216,9 +213,9 @@
 static int qhimark = 10000;	/* If this many pending, ignore blimit. */
 static int qlowmark = 100;	/* Once only this many pending, use blimit. */
 
-module_param(blimit, int, 0);
-module_param(qhimark, int, 0);
-module_param(qlowmark, int, 0);
+module_param(blimit, int, 0444);
+module_param(qhimark, int, 0444);
+module_param(qlowmark, int, 0444);
 
 int rcu_cpu_stall_suppress __read_mostly; /* 1 = suppress stall warnings. */
 int rcu_cpu_stall_timeout __read_mostly = CONFIG_RCU_CPU_STALL_TIMEOUT;
@@ -226,7 +223,14 @@
 module_param(rcu_cpu_stall_suppress, int, 0644);
 module_param(rcu_cpu_stall_timeout, int, 0644);
 
-static void force_quiescent_state(struct rcu_state *rsp, int relaxed);
+static ulong jiffies_till_first_fqs = RCU_JIFFIES_TILL_FORCE_QS;
+static ulong jiffies_till_next_fqs = RCU_JIFFIES_TILL_FORCE_QS;
+
+module_param(jiffies_till_first_fqs, ulong, 0644);
+module_param(jiffies_till_next_fqs, ulong, 0644);
+
+static void force_qs_rnp(struct rcu_state *rsp, int (*f)(struct rcu_data *));
+static void force_quiescent_state(struct rcu_state *rsp);
 static int rcu_pending(int cpu);
 
 /*
@@ -252,7 +256,7 @@
  */
 void rcu_bh_force_quiescent_state(void)
 {
-	force_quiescent_state(&rcu_bh_state, 0);
+	force_quiescent_state(&rcu_bh_state);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rcu_bh_force_quiescent_state);
 
@@ -286,7 +290,7 @@
  */
 void rcu_sched_force_quiescent_state(void)
 {
-	force_quiescent_state(&rcu_sched_state, 0);
+	force_quiescent_state(&rcu_sched_state);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rcu_sched_force_quiescent_state);
 
@@ -774,11 +778,11 @@
 	else if (!trigger_all_cpu_backtrace())
 		dump_stack();
 
-	/* If so configured, complain about tasks blocking the grace period. */
+	/* Complain about tasks blocking the grace period. */
 
 	rcu_print_detail_task_stall(rsp);
 
-	force_quiescent_state(rsp, 0);  /* Kick them all. */
+	force_quiescent_state(rsp);  /* Kick them all. */
 }
 
 static void print_cpu_stall(struct rcu_state *rsp)
@@ -882,12 +886,8 @@
 		 */
 		rdp->gpnum = rnp->gpnum;
 		trace_rcu_grace_period(rsp->name, rdp->gpnum, "cpustart");
-		if (rnp->qsmask & rdp->grpmask) {
-			rdp->qs_pending = 1;
-			rdp->passed_quiesce = 0;
-		} else {
-			rdp->qs_pending = 0;
-		}
+		rdp->passed_quiesce = 0;
+		rdp->qs_pending = !!(rnp->qsmask & rdp->grpmask);
 		zero_cpu_stall_ticks(rdp);
 	}
 }
@@ -967,10 +967,13 @@
 		 * our behalf. Catch up with this state to avoid noting
 		 * spurious new grace periods.  If another grace period
 		 * has started, then rnp->gpnum will have advanced, so
-		 * we will detect this later on.
+		 * we will detect this later on.  Of course, any quiescent
+		 * states we found for the old GP are now invalid.
 		 */
-		if (ULONG_CMP_LT(rdp->gpnum, rdp->completed))
+		if (ULONG_CMP_LT(rdp->gpnum, rdp->completed)) {
 			rdp->gpnum = rdp->completed;
+			rdp->passed_quiesce = 0;
+		}
 
 		/*
 		 * If RCU does not need a quiescent state from this CPU,
@@ -1014,25 +1017,220 @@
 	/* Prior grace period ended, so advance callbacks for current CPU. */
 	__rcu_process_gp_end(rsp, rnp, rdp);
 
-	/*
-	 * Because this CPU just now started the new grace period, we know
-	 * that all of its callbacks will be covered by this upcoming grace
-	 * period, even the ones that were registered arbitrarily recently.
-	 * Therefore, advance all outstanding callbacks to RCU_WAIT_TAIL.
-	 *
-	 * Other CPUs cannot be sure exactly when the grace period started.
-	 * Therefore, their recently registered callbacks must pass through
-	 * an additional RCU_NEXT_READY stage, so that they will be handled
-	 * by the next RCU grace period.
-	 */
-	rdp->nxttail[RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL] = rdp->nxttail[RCU_NEXT_TAIL];
-	rdp->nxttail[RCU_WAIT_TAIL] = rdp->nxttail[RCU_NEXT_TAIL];
-
 	/* Set state so that this CPU will detect the next quiescent state. */
 	__note_new_gpnum(rsp, rnp, rdp);
 }
 
 /*
+ * Initialize a new grace period.
+ */
+static int rcu_gp_init(struct rcu_state *rsp)
+{
+	struct rcu_data *rdp;
+	struct rcu_node *rnp = rcu_get_root(rsp);
+
+	raw_spin_lock_irq(&rnp->lock);
+	rsp->gp_flags = 0; /* Clear all flags: New grace period. */
+
+	if (rcu_gp_in_progress(rsp)) {
+		/* Grace period already in progress, don't start another.  */
+		raw_spin_unlock_irq(&rnp->lock);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Advance to a new grace period and initialize state. */
+	rsp->gpnum++;
+	trace_rcu_grace_period(rsp->name, rsp->gpnum, "start");
+	record_gp_stall_check_time(rsp);
+	raw_spin_unlock_irq(&rnp->lock);
+
+	/* Exclude any concurrent CPU-hotplug operations. */
+	get_online_cpus();
+
+	/*
+	 * Set the quiescent-state-needed bits in all the rcu_node
+	 * structures for all currently online CPUs in breadth-first order,
+	 * starting from the root rcu_node structure, relying on the layout
+	 * of the tree within the rsp->node[] array.  Note that other CPUs
+	 * will access only the leaves of the hierarchy, thus seeing that no
+	 * grace period is in progress, at least until the corresponding
+	 * leaf node has been initialized.  In addition, we have excluded
+	 * CPU-hotplug operations.
+	 *
+	 * The grace period cannot complete until the initialization
+	 * process finishes, because this kthread handles both.
+	 */
+	rcu_for_each_node_breadth_first(rsp, rnp) {
+		raw_spin_lock_irq(&rnp->lock);
+		rdp = this_cpu_ptr(rsp->rda);
+		rcu_preempt_check_blocked_tasks(rnp);
+		rnp->qsmask = rnp->qsmaskinit;
+		rnp->gpnum = rsp->gpnum;
+		WARN_ON_ONCE(rnp->completed != rsp->completed);
+		rnp->completed = rsp->completed;
+		if (rnp == rdp->mynode)
+			rcu_start_gp_per_cpu(rsp, rnp, rdp);
+		rcu_preempt_boost_start_gp(rnp);
+		trace_rcu_grace_period_init(rsp->name, rnp->gpnum,
+					    rnp->level, rnp->grplo,
+					    rnp->grphi, rnp->qsmask);
+		raw_spin_unlock_irq(&rnp->lock);
+#ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_RCU_DELAY
+		if ((random32() % (rcu_num_nodes * 8)) == 0)
+			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(2);
+#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_RCU_DELAY */
+		cond_resched();
+	}
+
+	put_online_cpus();
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Do one round of quiescent-state forcing.
+ */
+int rcu_gp_fqs(struct rcu_state *rsp, int fqs_state_in)
+{
+	int fqs_state = fqs_state_in;
+	struct rcu_node *rnp = rcu_get_root(rsp);
+
+	rsp->n_force_qs++;
+	if (fqs_state == RCU_SAVE_DYNTICK) {
+		/* Collect dyntick-idle snapshots. */
+		force_qs_rnp(rsp, dyntick_save_progress_counter);
+		fqs_state = RCU_FORCE_QS;
+	} else {
+		/* Handle dyntick-idle and offline CPUs. */
+		force_qs_rnp(rsp, rcu_implicit_dynticks_qs);
+	}
+	/* Clear flag to prevent immediate re-entry. */
+	if (ACCESS_ONCE(rsp->gp_flags) & RCU_GP_FLAG_FQS) {
+		raw_spin_lock_irq(&rnp->lock);
+		rsp->gp_flags &= ~RCU_GP_FLAG_FQS;
+		raw_spin_unlock_irq(&rnp->lock);
+	}
+	return fqs_state;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Clean up after the old grace period.
+ */
+static void rcu_gp_cleanup(struct rcu_state *rsp)
+{
+	unsigned long gp_duration;
+	struct rcu_data *rdp;
+	struct rcu_node *rnp = rcu_get_root(rsp);
+
+	raw_spin_lock_irq(&rnp->lock);
+	gp_duration = jiffies - rsp->gp_start;
+	if (gp_duration > rsp->gp_max)
+		rsp->gp_max = gp_duration;
+
+	/*
+	 * We know the grace period is complete, but to everyone else
+	 * it appears to still be ongoing.  But it is also the case
+	 * that to everyone else it looks like there is nothing that
+	 * they can do to advance the grace period.  It is therefore
+	 * safe for us to drop the lock in order to mark the grace
+	 * period as completed in all of the rcu_node structures.
+	 */
+	raw_spin_unlock_irq(&rnp->lock);
+
+	/*
+	 * Propagate new ->completed value to rcu_node structures so
+	 * that other CPUs don't have to wait until the start of the next
+	 * grace period to process their callbacks.  This also avoids
+	 * some nasty RCU grace-period initialization races by forcing
+	 * the end of the current grace period to be completely recorded in
+	 * all of the rcu_node structures before the beginning of the next
+	 * grace period is recorded in any of the rcu_node structures.
+	 */
+	rcu_for_each_node_breadth_first(rsp, rnp) {
+		raw_spin_lock_irq(&rnp->lock);
+		rnp->completed = rsp->gpnum;
+		raw_spin_unlock_irq(&rnp->lock);
+		cond_resched();
+	}
+	rnp = rcu_get_root(rsp);
+	raw_spin_lock_irq(&rnp->lock);
+
+	rsp->completed = rsp->gpnum; /* Declare grace period done. */
+	trace_rcu_grace_period(rsp->name, rsp->completed, "end");
+	rsp->fqs_state = RCU_GP_IDLE;
+	rdp = this_cpu_ptr(rsp->rda);
+	if (cpu_needs_another_gp(rsp, rdp))
+		rsp->gp_flags = 1;
+	raw_spin_unlock_irq(&rnp->lock);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Body of kthread that handles grace periods.
+ */
+static int __noreturn rcu_gp_kthread(void *arg)
+{
+	int fqs_state;
+	unsigned long j;
+	int ret;
+	struct rcu_state *rsp = arg;
+	struct rcu_node *rnp = rcu_get_root(rsp);
+
+	for (;;) {
+
+		/* Handle grace-period start. */
+		for (;;) {
+			wait_event_interruptible(rsp->gp_wq,
+						 rsp->gp_flags &
+						 RCU_GP_FLAG_INIT);
+			if ((rsp->gp_flags & RCU_GP_FLAG_INIT) &&
+			    rcu_gp_init(rsp))
+				break;
+			cond_resched();
+			flush_signals(current);
+		}
+
+		/* Handle quiescent-state forcing. */
+		fqs_state = RCU_SAVE_DYNTICK;
+		j = jiffies_till_first_fqs;
+		if (j > HZ) {
+			j = HZ;
+			jiffies_till_first_fqs = HZ;
+		}
+		for (;;) {
+			rsp->jiffies_force_qs = jiffies + j;
+			ret = wait_event_interruptible_timeout(rsp->gp_wq,
+					(rsp->gp_flags & RCU_GP_FLAG_FQS) ||
+					(!ACCESS_ONCE(rnp->qsmask) &&
+					 !rcu_preempt_blocked_readers_cgp(rnp)),
+					j);
+			/* If grace period done, leave loop. */
+			if (!ACCESS_ONCE(rnp->qsmask) &&
+			    !rcu_preempt_blocked_readers_cgp(rnp))
+				break;
+			/* If time for quiescent-state forcing, do it. */
+			if (ret == 0 || (rsp->gp_flags & RCU_GP_FLAG_FQS)) {
+				fqs_state = rcu_gp_fqs(rsp, fqs_state);
+				cond_resched();
+			} else {
+				/* Deal with stray signal. */
+				cond_resched();
+				flush_signals(current);
+			}
+			j = jiffies_till_next_fqs;
+			if (j > HZ) {
+				j = HZ;
+				jiffies_till_next_fqs = HZ;
+			} else if (j < 1) {
+				j = 1;
+				jiffies_till_next_fqs = 1;
+			}
+		}
+
+		/* Handle grace-period end. */
+		rcu_gp_cleanup(rsp);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
  * Start a new RCU grace period if warranted, re-initializing the hierarchy
  * in preparation for detecting the next grace period.  The caller must hold
  * the root node's ->lock, which is released before return.  Hard irqs must
@@ -1049,77 +1247,20 @@
 	struct rcu_data *rdp = this_cpu_ptr(rsp->rda);
 	struct rcu_node *rnp = rcu_get_root(rsp);
 
-	if (!rcu_scheduler_fully_active ||
+	if (!rsp->gp_kthread ||
 	    !cpu_needs_another_gp(rsp, rdp)) {
 		/*
-		 * Either the scheduler hasn't yet spawned the first
-		 * non-idle task or this CPU does not need another
-		 * grace period.  Either way, don't start a new grace
-		 * period.
+		 * Either we have not yet spawned the grace-period
+		 * task or this CPU does not need another grace period.
+		 * Either way, don't start a new grace period.
 		 */
 		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rnp->lock, flags);
 		return;
 	}
 
-	if (rsp->fqs_active) {
-		/*
-		 * This CPU needs a grace period, but force_quiescent_state()
-		 * is running.  Tell it to start one on this CPU's behalf.
-		 */
-		rsp->fqs_need_gp = 1;
-		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rnp->lock, flags);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	/* Advance to a new grace period and initialize state. */
-	rsp->gpnum++;
-	trace_rcu_grace_period(rsp->name, rsp->gpnum, "start");
-	WARN_ON_ONCE(rsp->fqs_state == RCU_GP_INIT);
-	rsp->fqs_state = RCU_GP_INIT; /* Hold off force_quiescent_state. */
-	rsp->jiffies_force_qs = jiffies + RCU_JIFFIES_TILL_FORCE_QS;
-	record_gp_stall_check_time(rsp);
-	raw_spin_unlock(&rnp->lock);  /* leave irqs disabled. */
-
-	/* Exclude any concurrent CPU-hotplug operations. */
-	raw_spin_lock(&rsp->onofflock);  /* irqs already disabled. */
-
-	/*
-	 * Set the quiescent-state-needed bits in all the rcu_node
-	 * structures for all currently online CPUs in breadth-first
-	 * order, starting from the root rcu_node structure.  This
-	 * operation relies on the layout of the hierarchy within the
-	 * rsp->node[] array.  Note that other CPUs will access only
-	 * the leaves of the hierarchy, which still indicate that no
-	 * grace period is in progress, at least until the corresponding
-	 * leaf node has been initialized.  In addition, we have excluded
-	 * CPU-hotplug operations.
-	 *
-	 * Note that the grace period cannot complete until we finish
-	 * the initialization process, as there will be at least one
-	 * qsmask bit set in the root node until that time, namely the
-	 * one corresponding to this CPU, due to the fact that we have
-	 * irqs disabled.
-	 */
-	rcu_for_each_node_breadth_first(rsp, rnp) {
-		raw_spin_lock(&rnp->lock);	/* irqs already disabled. */
-		rcu_preempt_check_blocked_tasks(rnp);
-		rnp->qsmask = rnp->qsmaskinit;
-		rnp->gpnum = rsp->gpnum;
-		rnp->completed = rsp->completed;
-		if (rnp == rdp->mynode)
-			rcu_start_gp_per_cpu(rsp, rnp, rdp);
-		rcu_preempt_boost_start_gp(rnp);
-		trace_rcu_grace_period_init(rsp->name, rnp->gpnum,
-					    rnp->level, rnp->grplo,
-					    rnp->grphi, rnp->qsmask);
-		raw_spin_unlock(&rnp->lock);	/* irqs remain disabled. */
-	}
-
-	rnp = rcu_get_root(rsp);
-	raw_spin_lock(&rnp->lock);		/* irqs already disabled. */
-	rsp->fqs_state = RCU_SIGNAL_INIT; /* force_quiescent_state now OK. */
-	raw_spin_unlock(&rnp->lock);		/* irqs remain disabled. */
-	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rsp->onofflock, flags);
+	rsp->gp_flags = RCU_GP_FLAG_INIT;
+	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rnp->lock, flags);
+	wake_up(&rsp->gp_wq);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1132,57 +1273,9 @@
 static void rcu_report_qs_rsp(struct rcu_state *rsp, unsigned long flags)
 	__releases(rcu_get_root(rsp)->lock)
 {
-	unsigned long gp_duration;
-	struct rcu_node *rnp = rcu_get_root(rsp);
-	struct rcu_data *rdp = this_cpu_ptr(rsp->rda);
-
 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!rcu_gp_in_progress(rsp));
-
-	/*
-	 * Ensure that all grace-period and pre-grace-period activity
-	 * is seen before the assignment to rsp->completed.
-	 */
-	smp_mb(); /* See above block comment. */
-	gp_duration = jiffies - rsp->gp_start;
-	if (gp_duration > rsp->gp_max)
-		rsp->gp_max = gp_duration;
-
-	/*
-	 * We know the grace period is complete, but to everyone else
-	 * it appears to still be ongoing.  But it is also the case
-	 * that to everyone else it looks like there is nothing that
-	 * they can do to advance the grace period.  It is therefore
-	 * safe for us to drop the lock in order to mark the grace
-	 * period as completed in all of the rcu_node structures.
-	 *
-	 * But if this CPU needs another grace period, it will take
-	 * care of this while initializing the next grace period.
-	 * We use RCU_WAIT_TAIL instead of the usual RCU_DONE_TAIL
-	 * because the callbacks have not yet been advanced: Those
-	 * callbacks are waiting on the grace period that just now
-	 * completed.
-	 */
-	if (*rdp->nxttail[RCU_WAIT_TAIL] == NULL) {
-		raw_spin_unlock(&rnp->lock);	 /* irqs remain disabled. */
-
-		/*
-		 * Propagate new ->completed value to rcu_node structures
-		 * so that other CPUs don't have to wait until the start
-		 * of the next grace period to process their callbacks.
-		 */
-		rcu_for_each_node_breadth_first(rsp, rnp) {
-			raw_spin_lock(&rnp->lock); /* irqs already disabled. */
-			rnp->completed = rsp->gpnum;
-			raw_spin_unlock(&rnp->lock); /* irqs remain disabled. */
-		}
-		rnp = rcu_get_root(rsp);
-		raw_spin_lock(&rnp->lock); /* irqs already disabled. */
-	}
-
-	rsp->completed = rsp->gpnum;  /* Declare the grace period complete. */
-	trace_rcu_grace_period(rsp->name, rsp->completed, "end");
-	rsp->fqs_state = RCU_GP_IDLE;
-	rcu_start_gp(rsp, flags);  /* releases root node's rnp->lock. */
+	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rcu_get_root(rsp)->lock, flags);
+	wake_up(&rsp->gp_wq);  /* Memory barrier implied by wake_up() path. */
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1251,7 +1344,7 @@
  * based on quiescent states detected in an earlier grace period!
  */
 static void
-rcu_report_qs_rdp(int cpu, struct rcu_state *rsp, struct rcu_data *rdp, long lastgp)
+rcu_report_qs_rdp(int cpu, struct rcu_state *rsp, struct rcu_data *rdp)
 {
 	unsigned long flags;
 	unsigned long mask;
@@ -1259,7 +1352,8 @@
 
 	rnp = rdp->mynode;
 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&rnp->lock, flags);
-	if (lastgp != rnp->gpnum || rnp->completed == rnp->gpnum) {
+	if (rdp->passed_quiesce == 0 || rdp->gpnum != rnp->gpnum ||
+	    rnp->completed == rnp->gpnum) {
 
 		/*
 		 * The grace period in which this quiescent state was
@@ -1318,7 +1412,7 @@
 	 * Tell RCU we are done (but rcu_report_qs_rdp() will be the
 	 * judge of that).
 	 */
-	rcu_report_qs_rdp(rdp->cpu, rsp, rdp, rdp->passed_quiesce_gpnum);
+	rcu_report_qs_rdp(rdp->cpu, rsp, rdp);
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
@@ -1383,17 +1477,6 @@
 	int i;
 	struct rcu_data *rdp = __this_cpu_ptr(rsp->rda);
 
-	/*
-	 * If there is an rcu_barrier() operation in progress, then
-	 * only the task doing that operation is permitted to adopt
-	 * callbacks.  To do otherwise breaks rcu_barrier() and friends
-	 * by causing them to fail to wait for the callbacks in the
-	 * orphanage.
-	 */
-	if (rsp->rcu_barrier_in_progress &&
-	    rsp->rcu_barrier_in_progress != current)
-		return;
-
 	/* Do the accounting first. */
 	rdp->qlen_lazy += rsp->qlen_lazy;
 	rdp->qlen += rsp->qlen;
@@ -1448,9 +1531,8 @@
  * The CPU has been completely removed, and some other CPU is reporting
  * this fact from process context.  Do the remainder of the cleanup,
  * including orphaning the outgoing CPU's RCU callbacks, and also
- * adopting them, if there is no _rcu_barrier() instance running.
- * There can only be one CPU hotplug operation at a time, so no other
- * CPU can be attempting to update rcu_cpu_kthread_task.
+ * adopting them.  There can only be one CPU hotplug operation at a time,
+ * so no other CPU can be attempting to update rcu_cpu_kthread_task.
  */
 static void rcu_cleanup_dead_cpu(int cpu, struct rcu_state *rsp)
 {
@@ -1508,14 +1590,13 @@
 	WARN_ONCE(rdp->qlen != 0 || rdp->nxtlist != NULL,
 		  "rcu_cleanup_dead_cpu: Callbacks on offline CPU %d: qlen=%lu, nxtlist=%p\n",
 		  cpu, rdp->qlen, rdp->nxtlist);
+	init_callback_list(rdp);
+	/* Disallow further callbacks on this CPU. */
+	rdp->nxttail[RCU_NEXT_TAIL] = NULL;
 }
 
 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
 
-static void rcu_adopt_orphan_cbs(struct rcu_state *rsp)
-{
-}
-
 static void rcu_cleanup_dying_cpu(struct rcu_state *rsp)
 {
 }
@@ -1680,6 +1761,7 @@
 	struct rcu_node *rnp;
 
 	rcu_for_each_leaf_node(rsp, rnp) {
+		cond_resched();
 		mask = 0;
 		raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&rnp->lock, flags);
 		if (!rcu_gp_in_progress(rsp)) {
@@ -1716,72 +1798,39 @@
  * Force quiescent states on reluctant CPUs, and also detect which
  * CPUs are in dyntick-idle mode.
  */
-static void force_quiescent_state(struct rcu_state *rsp, int relaxed)
+static void force_quiescent_state(struct rcu_state *rsp)
 {
 	unsigned long flags;
-	struct rcu_node *rnp = rcu_get_root(rsp);
+	bool ret;
+	struct rcu_node *rnp;
+	struct rcu_node *rnp_old = NULL;
 
-	trace_rcu_utilization("Start fqs");
-	if (!rcu_gp_in_progress(rsp)) {
-		trace_rcu_utilization("End fqs");
-		return;  /* No grace period in progress, nothing to force. */
+	/* Funnel through hierarchy to reduce memory contention. */
+	rnp = per_cpu_ptr(rsp->rda, raw_smp_processor_id())->mynode;
+	for (; rnp != NULL; rnp = rnp->parent) {
+		ret = (ACCESS_ONCE(rsp->gp_flags) & RCU_GP_FLAG_FQS) ||
+		      !raw_spin_trylock(&rnp->fqslock);
+		if (rnp_old != NULL)
+			raw_spin_unlock(&rnp_old->fqslock);
+		if (ret) {
+			rsp->n_force_qs_lh++;
+			return;
+		}
+		rnp_old = rnp;
 	}
-	if (!raw_spin_trylock_irqsave(&rsp->fqslock, flags)) {
-		rsp->n_force_qs_lh++; /* Inexact, can lose counts.  Tough! */
-		trace_rcu_utilization("End fqs");
-		return;	/* Someone else is already on the job. */
+	/* rnp_old == rcu_get_root(rsp), rnp == NULL. */
+
+	/* Reached the root of the rcu_node tree, acquire lock. */
+	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&rnp_old->lock, flags);
+	raw_spin_unlock(&rnp_old->fqslock);
+	if (ACCESS_ONCE(rsp->gp_flags) & RCU_GP_FLAG_FQS) {
+		rsp->n_force_qs_lh++;
+		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rnp_old->lock, flags);
+		return;  /* Someone beat us to it. */
 	}
-	if (relaxed && ULONG_CMP_GE(rsp->jiffies_force_qs, jiffies))
-		goto unlock_fqs_ret; /* no emergency and done recently. */
-	rsp->n_force_qs++;
-	raw_spin_lock(&rnp->lock);  /* irqs already disabled */
-	rsp->jiffies_force_qs = jiffies + RCU_JIFFIES_TILL_FORCE_QS;
-	if(!rcu_gp_in_progress(rsp)) {
-		rsp->n_force_qs_ngp++;
-		raw_spin_unlock(&rnp->lock);  /* irqs remain disabled */
-		goto unlock_fqs_ret;  /* no GP in progress, time updated. */
-	}
-	rsp->fqs_active = 1;
-	switch (rsp->fqs_state) {
-	case RCU_GP_IDLE:
-	case RCU_GP_INIT:
-
-		break; /* grace period idle or initializing, ignore. */
-
-	case RCU_SAVE_DYNTICK:
-
-		raw_spin_unlock(&rnp->lock);  /* irqs remain disabled */
-
-		/* Record dyntick-idle state. */
-		force_qs_rnp(rsp, dyntick_save_progress_counter);
-		raw_spin_lock(&rnp->lock);  /* irqs already disabled */
-		if (rcu_gp_in_progress(rsp))
-			rsp->fqs_state = RCU_FORCE_QS;
-		break;
-
-	case RCU_FORCE_QS:
-
-		/* Check dyntick-idle state, send IPI to laggarts. */
-		raw_spin_unlock(&rnp->lock);  /* irqs remain disabled */
-		force_qs_rnp(rsp, rcu_implicit_dynticks_qs);
-
-		/* Leave state in case more forcing is required. */
-
-		raw_spin_lock(&rnp->lock);  /* irqs already disabled */
-		break;
-	}
-	rsp->fqs_active = 0;
-	if (rsp->fqs_need_gp) {
-		raw_spin_unlock(&rsp->fqslock); /* irqs remain disabled */
-		rsp->fqs_need_gp = 0;
-		rcu_start_gp(rsp, flags); /* releases rnp->lock */
-		trace_rcu_utilization("End fqs");
-		return;
-	}
-	raw_spin_unlock(&rnp->lock);  /* irqs remain disabled */
-unlock_fqs_ret:
-	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rsp->fqslock, flags);
-	trace_rcu_utilization("End fqs");
+	rsp->gp_flags |= RCU_GP_FLAG_FQS;
+	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rnp_old->lock, flags);
+	wake_up(&rsp->gp_wq);  /* Memory barrier implied by wake_up() path. */
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1798,13 +1847,6 @@
 	WARN_ON_ONCE(rdp->beenonline == 0);
 
 	/*
-	 * If an RCU GP has gone long enough, go check for dyntick
-	 * idle CPUs and, if needed, send resched IPIs.
-	 */
-	if (ULONG_CMP_LT(ACCESS_ONCE(rsp->jiffies_force_qs), jiffies))
-		force_quiescent_state(rsp, 1);
-
-	/*
 	 * Advance callbacks in response to end of earlier grace
 	 * period that some other CPU ended.
 	 */
@@ -1831,6 +1873,8 @@
 {
 	struct rcu_state *rsp;
 
+	if (cpu_is_offline(smp_processor_id()))
+		return;
 	trace_rcu_utilization("Start RCU core");
 	for_each_rcu_flavor(rsp)
 		__rcu_process_callbacks(rsp);
@@ -1902,12 +1946,11 @@
 			rdp->blimit = LONG_MAX;
 			if (rsp->n_force_qs == rdp->n_force_qs_snap &&
 			    *rdp->nxttail[RCU_DONE_TAIL] != head)
-				force_quiescent_state(rsp, 0);
+				force_quiescent_state(rsp);
 			rdp->n_force_qs_snap = rsp->n_force_qs;
 			rdp->qlen_last_fqs_check = rdp->qlen;
 		}
-	} else if (ULONG_CMP_LT(ACCESS_ONCE(rsp->jiffies_force_qs), jiffies))
-		force_quiescent_state(rsp, 1);
+	}
 }
 
 static void
@@ -1932,6 +1975,12 @@
 	rdp = this_cpu_ptr(rsp->rda);
 
 	/* Add the callback to our list. */
+	if (unlikely(rdp->nxttail[RCU_NEXT_TAIL] == NULL)) {
+		/* _call_rcu() is illegal on offline CPU; leak the callback. */
+		WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
+		local_irq_restore(flags);
+		return;
+	}
 	ACCESS_ONCE(rdp->qlen)++;
 	if (lazy)
 		rdp->qlen_lazy++;
@@ -2186,17 +2235,7 @@
 	/* Is the RCU core waiting for a quiescent state from this CPU? */
 	if (rcu_scheduler_fully_active &&
 	    rdp->qs_pending && !rdp->passed_quiesce) {
-
-		/*
-		 * If force_quiescent_state() coming soon and this CPU
-		 * needs a quiescent state, and this is either RCU-sched
-		 * or RCU-bh, force a local reschedule.
-		 */
 		rdp->n_rp_qs_pending++;
-		if (!rdp->preemptible &&
-		    ULONG_CMP_LT(ACCESS_ONCE(rsp->jiffies_force_qs) - 1,
-				 jiffies))
-			set_need_resched();
 	} else if (rdp->qs_pending && rdp->passed_quiesce) {
 		rdp->n_rp_report_qs++;
 		return 1;
@@ -2226,13 +2265,6 @@
 		return 1;
 	}
 
-	/* Has an RCU GP gone long enough to send resched IPIs &c? */
-	if (rcu_gp_in_progress(rsp) &&
-	    ULONG_CMP_LT(ACCESS_ONCE(rsp->jiffies_force_qs), jiffies)) {
-		rdp->n_rp_need_fqs++;
-		return 1;
-	}
-
 	/* nothing to do */
 	rdp->n_rp_need_nothing++;
 	return 0;
@@ -2317,13 +2349,10 @@
 static void _rcu_barrier(struct rcu_state *rsp)
 {
 	int cpu;
-	unsigned long flags;
 	struct rcu_data *rdp;
-	struct rcu_data rd;
 	unsigned long snap = ACCESS_ONCE(rsp->n_barrier_done);
 	unsigned long snap_done;
 
-	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rd.barrier_head);
 	_rcu_barrier_trace(rsp, "Begin", -1, snap);
 
 	/* Take mutex to serialize concurrent rcu_barrier() requests. */
@@ -2363,70 +2392,30 @@
 	/*
 	 * Initialize the count to one rather than to zero in order to
 	 * avoid a too-soon return to zero in case of a short grace period
-	 * (or preemption of this task).  Also flag this task as doing
-	 * an rcu_barrier().  This will prevent anyone else from adopting
-	 * orphaned callbacks, which could cause otherwise failure if a
-	 * CPU went offline and quickly came back online.  To see this,
-	 * consider the following sequence of events:
-	 *
-	 * 1.	We cause CPU 0 to post an rcu_barrier_callback() callback.
-	 * 2.	CPU 1 goes offline, orphaning its callbacks.
-	 * 3.	CPU 0 adopts CPU 1's orphaned callbacks.
-	 * 4.	CPU 1 comes back online.
-	 * 5.	We cause CPU 1 to post an rcu_barrier_callback() callback.
-	 * 6.	Both rcu_barrier_callback() callbacks are invoked, awakening
-	 *	us -- but before CPU 1's orphaned callbacks are invoked!!!
+	 * (or preemption of this task).  Exclude CPU-hotplug operations
+	 * to ensure that no offline CPU has callbacks queued.
 	 */
 	init_completion(&rsp->barrier_completion);
 	atomic_set(&rsp->barrier_cpu_count, 1);
-	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&rsp->onofflock, flags);
-	rsp->rcu_barrier_in_progress = current;
-	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rsp->onofflock, flags);
+	get_online_cpus();
 
 	/*
-	 * Force every CPU with callbacks to register a new callback
-	 * that will tell us when all the preceding callbacks have
-	 * been invoked.  If an offline CPU has callbacks, wait for
-	 * it to either come back online or to finish orphaning those
-	 * callbacks.
+	 * Force each CPU with callbacks to register a new callback.
+	 * When that callback is invoked, we will know that all of the
+	 * corresponding CPU's preceding callbacks have been invoked.
 	 */
-	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
-		preempt_disable();
+	for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
 		rdp = per_cpu_ptr(rsp->rda, cpu);
-		if (cpu_is_offline(cpu)) {
-			_rcu_barrier_trace(rsp, "Offline", cpu,
-					   rsp->n_barrier_done);
-			preempt_enable();
-			while (cpu_is_offline(cpu) && ACCESS_ONCE(rdp->qlen))
-				schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
-		} else if (ACCESS_ONCE(rdp->qlen)) {
+		if (ACCESS_ONCE(rdp->qlen)) {
 			_rcu_barrier_trace(rsp, "OnlineQ", cpu,
 					   rsp->n_barrier_done);
 			smp_call_function_single(cpu, rcu_barrier_func, rsp, 1);
-			preempt_enable();
 		} else {
 			_rcu_barrier_trace(rsp, "OnlineNQ", cpu,
 					   rsp->n_barrier_done);
-			preempt_enable();
 		}
 	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Now that all online CPUs have rcu_barrier_callback() callbacks
-	 * posted, we can adopt all of the orphaned callbacks and place
-	 * an rcu_barrier_callback() callback after them.  When that is done,
-	 * we are guaranteed to have an rcu_barrier_callback() callback
-	 * following every callback that could possibly have been
-	 * registered before _rcu_barrier() was called.
-	 */
-	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&rsp->onofflock, flags);
-	rcu_adopt_orphan_cbs(rsp);
-	rsp->rcu_barrier_in_progress = NULL;
-	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rsp->onofflock, flags);
-	atomic_inc(&rsp->barrier_cpu_count);
-	smp_mb__after_atomic_inc(); /* Ensure atomic_inc() before callback. */
-	rd.rsp = rsp;
-	rsp->call(&rd.barrier_head, rcu_barrier_callback);
+	put_online_cpus();
 
 	/*
 	 * Now that we have an rcu_barrier_callback() callback on each
@@ -2447,8 +2436,6 @@
 
 	/* Other rcu_barrier() invocations can now safely proceed. */
 	mutex_unlock(&rsp->barrier_mutex);
-
-	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rd.barrier_head);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -2514,6 +2501,7 @@
 	rdp->qlen_last_fqs_check = 0;
 	rdp->n_force_qs_snap = rsp->n_force_qs;
 	rdp->blimit = blimit;
+	init_callback_list(rdp);  /* Re-enable callbacks on this CPU. */
 	rdp->dynticks->dynticks_nesting = DYNTICK_TASK_EXIT_IDLE;
 	atomic_set(&rdp->dynticks->dynticks,
 		   (atomic_read(&rdp->dynticks->dynticks) & ~0x1) + 1);
@@ -2546,7 +2534,6 @@
 			rdp->completed = rnp->completed;
 			rdp->passed_quiesce = 0;
 			rdp->qs_pending = 0;
-			rdp->passed_quiesce_gpnum = rnp->gpnum - 1;
 			trace_rcu_grace_period(rsp->name, rdp->gpnum, "cpuonl");
 		}
 		raw_spin_unlock(&rnp->lock); /* irqs already disabled. */
@@ -2618,6 +2605,28 @@
 }
 
 /*
+ * Spawn the kthread that handles this RCU flavor's grace periods.
+ */
+static int __init rcu_spawn_gp_kthread(void)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	struct rcu_node *rnp;
+	struct rcu_state *rsp;
+	struct task_struct *t;
+
+	for_each_rcu_flavor(rsp) {
+		t = kthread_run(rcu_gp_kthread, rsp, rsp->name);
+		BUG_ON(IS_ERR(t));
+		rnp = rcu_get_root(rsp);
+		raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&rnp->lock, flags);
+		rsp->gp_kthread = t;
+		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rnp->lock, flags);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+early_initcall(rcu_spawn_gp_kthread);
+
+/*
  * This function is invoked towards the end of the scheduler's initialization
  * process.  Before this is called, the idle task might contain
  * RCU read-side critical sections (during which time, this idle
@@ -2652,7 +2661,7 @@
 	int cprv;
 	int i;
 
-	cprv = NR_CPUS;
+	cprv = nr_cpu_ids;
 	for (i = rcu_num_lvls - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
 		ccur = rsp->levelcnt[i];
 		rsp->levelspread[i] = (cprv + ccur - 1) / ccur;
@@ -2667,10 +2676,14 @@
 static void __init rcu_init_one(struct rcu_state *rsp,
 		struct rcu_data __percpu *rda)
 {
-	static char *buf[] = { "rcu_node_level_0",
-			       "rcu_node_level_1",
-			       "rcu_node_level_2",
-			       "rcu_node_level_3" };  /* Match MAX_RCU_LVLS */
+	static char *buf[] = { "rcu_node_0",
+			       "rcu_node_1",
+			       "rcu_node_2",
+			       "rcu_node_3" };  /* Match MAX_RCU_LVLS */
+	static char *fqs[] = { "rcu_node_fqs_0",
+			       "rcu_node_fqs_1",
+			       "rcu_node_fqs_2",
+			       "rcu_node_fqs_3" };  /* Match MAX_RCU_LVLS */
 	int cpustride = 1;
 	int i;
 	int j;
@@ -2695,7 +2708,11 @@
 			raw_spin_lock_init(&rnp->lock);
 			lockdep_set_class_and_name(&rnp->lock,
 						   &rcu_node_class[i], buf[i]);
-			rnp->gpnum = 0;
+			raw_spin_lock_init(&rnp->fqslock);
+			lockdep_set_class_and_name(&rnp->fqslock,
+						   &rcu_fqs_class[i], fqs[i]);
+			rnp->gpnum = rsp->gpnum;
+			rnp->completed = rsp->completed;
 			rnp->qsmask = 0;
 			rnp->qsmaskinit = 0;
 			rnp->grplo = j * cpustride;
@@ -2718,6 +2735,7 @@
 	}
 
 	rsp->rda = rda;
+	init_waitqueue_head(&rsp->gp_wq);
 	rnp = rsp->level[rcu_num_lvls - 1];
 	for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
 		while (i > rnp->grphi)
@@ -2741,7 +2759,8 @@
 	int rcu_capacity[MAX_RCU_LVLS + 1];
 
 	/* If the compile-time values are accurate, just leave. */
-	if (rcu_fanout_leaf == CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT_LEAF)
+	if (rcu_fanout_leaf == CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT_LEAF &&
+	    nr_cpu_ids == NR_CPUS)
 		return;
 
 	/*
diff --git a/kernel/rcutree.h b/kernel/rcutree.h
index 4d29169..3cf71ce 100644
--- a/kernel/rcutree.h
+++ b/kernel/rcutree.h
@@ -202,6 +202,7 @@
 				/*  per-CPU kthreads as needed. */
 	unsigned int node_kthread_status;
 				/* State of node_kthread_task for tracing. */
+	raw_spinlock_t fqslock ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp;
 } ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp;
 
 /*
@@ -245,8 +246,6 @@
 					/*  in order to detect GP end. */
 	unsigned long	gpnum;		/* Highest gp number that this CPU */
 					/*  is aware of having started. */
-	unsigned long	passed_quiesce_gpnum;
-					/* gpnum at time of quiescent state. */
 	bool		passed_quiesce;	/* User-mode/idle loop etc. */
 	bool		qs_pending;	/* Core waits for quiesc state. */
 	bool		beenonline;	/* CPU online at least once. */
@@ -312,11 +311,13 @@
 	unsigned long n_rp_cpu_needs_gp;
 	unsigned long n_rp_gp_completed;
 	unsigned long n_rp_gp_started;
-	unsigned long n_rp_need_fqs;
 	unsigned long n_rp_need_nothing;
 
-	/* 6) _rcu_barrier() callback. */
+	/* 6) _rcu_barrier() and OOM callbacks. */
 	struct rcu_head barrier_head;
+#ifdef CONFIG_RCU_FAST_NO_HZ
+	struct rcu_head oom_head;
+#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_FAST_NO_HZ */
 
 	int cpu;
 	struct rcu_state *rsp;
@@ -375,20 +376,17 @@
 
 	u8	fqs_state ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp;
 						/* Force QS state. */
-	u8	fqs_active;			/* force_quiescent_state() */
-						/*  is running. */
-	u8	fqs_need_gp;			/* A CPU was prevented from */
-						/*  starting a new grace */
-						/*  period because */
-						/*  force_quiescent_state() */
-						/*  was running. */
 	u8	boost;				/* Subject to priority boost. */
 	unsigned long gpnum;			/* Current gp number. */
 	unsigned long completed;		/* # of last completed gp. */
+	struct task_struct *gp_kthread;		/* Task for grace periods. */
+	wait_queue_head_t gp_wq;		/* Where GP task waits. */
+	int gp_flags;				/* Commands for GP task. */
 
 	/* End of fields guarded by root rcu_node's lock. */
 
-	raw_spinlock_t onofflock;		/* exclude on/offline and */
+	raw_spinlock_t onofflock ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp;
+						/* exclude on/offline and */
 						/*  starting new GP. */
 	struct rcu_head *orphan_nxtlist;	/* Orphaned callbacks that */
 						/*  need a grace period. */
@@ -398,16 +396,11 @@
 	struct rcu_head **orphan_donetail;	/* Tail of above. */
 	long qlen_lazy;				/* Number of lazy callbacks. */
 	long qlen;				/* Total number of callbacks. */
-	struct task_struct *rcu_barrier_in_progress;
-						/* Task doing rcu_barrier(), */
-						/*  or NULL if no barrier. */
 	struct mutex barrier_mutex;		/* Guards barrier fields. */
 	atomic_t barrier_cpu_count;		/* # CPUs waiting on. */
 	struct completion barrier_completion;	/* Wake at barrier end. */
 	unsigned long n_barrier_done;		/* ++ at start and end of */
 						/*  _rcu_barrier(). */
-	raw_spinlock_t fqslock;			/* Only one task forcing */
-						/*  quiescent states. */
 	unsigned long jiffies_force_qs;		/* Time at which to invoke */
 						/*  force_quiescent_state(). */
 	unsigned long n_force_qs;		/* Number of calls to */
@@ -426,6 +419,10 @@
 	struct list_head flavors;		/* List of RCU flavors. */
 };
 
+/* Values for rcu_state structure's gp_flags field. */
+#define RCU_GP_FLAG_INIT 0x1	/* Need grace-period initialization. */
+#define RCU_GP_FLAG_FQS  0x2	/* Need grace-period quiescent-state forcing. */
+
 extern struct list_head rcu_struct_flavors;
 #define for_each_rcu_flavor(rsp) \
 	list_for_each_entry((rsp), &rcu_struct_flavors, flavors)
diff --git a/kernel/rcutree_plugin.h b/kernel/rcutree_plugin.h
index e12d07b..46d7d6c 100644
--- a/kernel/rcutree_plugin.h
+++ b/kernel/rcutree_plugin.h
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
  */
 
 #include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/oom.h>
 
 #define RCU_KTHREAD_PRIO 1
 
@@ -118,7 +119,7 @@
  */
 void rcu_force_quiescent_state(void)
 {
-	force_quiescent_state(&rcu_preempt_state, 0);
+	force_quiescent_state(&rcu_preempt_state);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rcu_force_quiescent_state);
 
@@ -136,8 +137,6 @@
 {
 	struct rcu_data *rdp = &per_cpu(rcu_preempt_data, cpu);
 
-	rdp->passed_quiesce_gpnum = rdp->gpnum;
-	barrier();
 	if (rdp->passed_quiesce == 0)
 		trace_rcu_grace_period("rcu_preempt", rdp->gpnum, "cpuqs");
 	rdp->passed_quiesce = 1;
@@ -684,7 +683,7 @@
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(synchronize_rcu);
 
 static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(sync_rcu_preempt_exp_wq);
-static long sync_rcu_preempt_exp_count;
+static unsigned long sync_rcu_preempt_exp_count;
 static DEFINE_MUTEX(sync_rcu_preempt_exp_mutex);
 
 /*
@@ -799,7 +798,7 @@
 	unsigned long flags;
 	struct rcu_node *rnp;
 	struct rcu_state *rsp = &rcu_preempt_state;
-	long snap;
+	unsigned long snap;
 	int trycount = 0;
 
 	smp_mb(); /* Caller's modifications seen first by other CPUs. */
@@ -807,33 +806,47 @@
 	smp_mb(); /* Above access cannot bleed into critical section. */
 
 	/*
+	 * Block CPU-hotplug operations.  This means that any CPU-hotplug
+	 * operation that finds an rcu_node structure with tasks in the
+	 * process of being boosted will know that all tasks blocking
+	 * this expedited grace period will already be in the process of
+	 * being boosted.  This simplifies the process of moving tasks
+	 * from leaf to root rcu_node structures.
+	 */
+	get_online_cpus();
+
+	/*
 	 * Acquire lock, falling back to synchronize_rcu() if too many
 	 * lock-acquisition failures.  Of course, if someone does the
 	 * expedited grace period for us, just leave.
 	 */
 	while (!mutex_trylock(&sync_rcu_preempt_exp_mutex)) {
+		if (ULONG_CMP_LT(snap,
+		    ACCESS_ONCE(sync_rcu_preempt_exp_count))) {
+			put_online_cpus();
+			goto mb_ret; /* Others did our work for us. */
+		}
 		if (trycount++ < 10) {
 			udelay(trycount * num_online_cpus());
 		} else {
+			put_online_cpus();
 			synchronize_rcu();
 			return;
 		}
-		if ((ACCESS_ONCE(sync_rcu_preempt_exp_count) - snap) > 0)
-			goto mb_ret; /* Others did our work for us. */
 	}
-	if ((ACCESS_ONCE(sync_rcu_preempt_exp_count) - snap) > 0)
+	if (ULONG_CMP_LT(snap, ACCESS_ONCE(sync_rcu_preempt_exp_count))) {
+		put_online_cpus();
 		goto unlock_mb_ret; /* Others did our work for us. */
+	}
 
 	/* force all RCU readers onto ->blkd_tasks lists. */
 	synchronize_sched_expedited();
 
-	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&rsp->onofflock, flags);
-
 	/* Initialize ->expmask for all non-leaf rcu_node structures. */
 	rcu_for_each_nonleaf_node_breadth_first(rsp, rnp) {
-		raw_spin_lock(&rnp->lock); /* irqs already disabled. */
+		raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&rnp->lock, flags);
 		rnp->expmask = rnp->qsmaskinit;
-		raw_spin_unlock(&rnp->lock); /* irqs remain disabled. */
+		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rnp->lock, flags);
 	}
 
 	/* Snapshot current state of ->blkd_tasks lists. */
@@ -842,7 +855,7 @@
 	if (NUM_RCU_NODES > 1)
 		sync_rcu_preempt_exp_init(rsp, rcu_get_root(rsp));
 
-	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rsp->onofflock, flags);
+	put_online_cpus();
 
 	/* Wait for snapshotted ->blkd_tasks lists to drain. */
 	rnp = rcu_get_root(rsp);
@@ -2083,16 +2096,16 @@
 #ifdef CONFIG_TREE_PREEMPT_RCU
 	if (per_cpu(rcu_preempt_data, cpu).nxtlist) {
 		rcu_preempt_qs(cpu);
-		force_quiescent_state(&rcu_preempt_state, 0);
+		force_quiescent_state(&rcu_preempt_state);
 	}
 #endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_TREE_PREEMPT_RCU */
 	if (per_cpu(rcu_sched_data, cpu).nxtlist) {
 		rcu_sched_qs(cpu);
-		force_quiescent_state(&rcu_sched_state, 0);
+		force_quiescent_state(&rcu_sched_state);
 	}
 	if (per_cpu(rcu_bh_data, cpu).nxtlist) {
 		rcu_bh_qs(cpu);
-		force_quiescent_state(&rcu_bh_state, 0);
+		force_quiescent_state(&rcu_bh_state);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -2120,6 +2133,88 @@
 	__this_cpu_add(rcu_dynticks.nonlazy_posted, 1);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Data for flushing lazy RCU callbacks at OOM time.
+ */
+static atomic_t oom_callback_count;
+static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(oom_callback_wq);
+
+/*
+ * RCU OOM callback -- decrement the outstanding count and deliver the
+ * wake-up if we are the last one.
+ */
+static void rcu_oom_callback(struct rcu_head *rhp)
+{
+	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&oom_callback_count))
+		wake_up(&oom_callback_wq);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Post an rcu_oom_notify callback on the current CPU if it has at
+ * least one lazy callback.  This will unnecessarily post callbacks
+ * to CPUs that already have a non-lazy callback at the end of their
+ * callback list, but this is an infrequent operation, so accept some
+ * extra overhead to keep things simple.
+ */
+static void rcu_oom_notify_cpu(void *unused)
+{
+	struct rcu_state *rsp;
+	struct rcu_data *rdp;
+
+	for_each_rcu_flavor(rsp) {
+		rdp = __this_cpu_ptr(rsp->rda);
+		if (rdp->qlen_lazy != 0) {
+			atomic_inc(&oom_callback_count);
+			rsp->call(&rdp->oom_head, rcu_oom_callback);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * If low on memory, ensure that each CPU has a non-lazy callback.
+ * This will wake up CPUs that have only lazy callbacks, in turn
+ * ensuring that they free up the corresponding memory in a timely manner.
+ * Because an uncertain amount of memory will be freed in some uncertain
+ * timeframe, we do not claim to have freed anything.
+ */
+static int rcu_oom_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
+			  unsigned long notused, void *nfreed)
+{
+	int cpu;
+
+	/* Wait for callbacks from earlier instance to complete. */
+	wait_event(oom_callback_wq, atomic_read(&oom_callback_count) == 0);
+
+	/*
+	 * Prevent premature wakeup: ensure that all increments happen
+	 * before there is a chance of the counter reaching zero.
+	 */
+	atomic_set(&oom_callback_count, 1);
+
+	get_online_cpus();
+	for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
+		smp_call_function_single(cpu, rcu_oom_notify_cpu, NULL, 1);
+		cond_resched();
+	}
+	put_online_cpus();
+
+	/* Unconditionally decrement: no need to wake ourselves up. */
+	atomic_dec(&oom_callback_count);
+
+	return NOTIFY_OK;
+}
+
+static struct notifier_block rcu_oom_nb = {
+	.notifier_call = rcu_oom_notify
+};
+
+static int __init rcu_register_oom_notifier(void)
+{
+	register_oom_notifier(&rcu_oom_nb);
+	return 0;
+}
+early_initcall(rcu_register_oom_notifier);
+
 #endif /* #else #if !defined(CONFIG_RCU_FAST_NO_HZ) */
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_CPU_STALL_INFO
diff --git a/kernel/rcutree_trace.c b/kernel/rcutree_trace.c
index abffb48..7340efd 100644
--- a/kernel/rcutree_trace.c
+++ b/kernel/rcutree_trace.c
@@ -51,8 +51,8 @@
 	struct rcu_state *rsp;
 
 	for_each_rcu_flavor(rsp)
-		seq_printf(m, "%s: %c bcc: %d nbd: %lu\n",
-			   rsp->name, rsp->rcu_barrier_in_progress ? 'B' : '.',
+		seq_printf(m, "%s: bcc: %d nbd: %lu\n",
+			   rsp->name,
 			   atomic_read(&rsp->barrier_cpu_count),
 			   rsp->n_barrier_done);
 	return 0;
@@ -86,12 +86,11 @@
 {
 	if (!rdp->beenonline)
 		return;
-	seq_printf(m, "%3d%cc=%lu g=%lu pq=%d pgp=%lu qp=%d",
+	seq_printf(m, "%3d%cc=%lu g=%lu pq=%d qp=%d",
 		   rdp->cpu,
 		   cpu_is_offline(rdp->cpu) ? '!' : ' ',
 		   rdp->completed, rdp->gpnum,
-		   rdp->passed_quiesce, rdp->passed_quiesce_gpnum,
-		   rdp->qs_pending);
+		   rdp->passed_quiesce, rdp->qs_pending);
 	seq_printf(m, " dt=%d/%llx/%d df=%lu",
 		   atomic_read(&rdp->dynticks->dynticks),
 		   rdp->dynticks->dynticks_nesting,
@@ -150,12 +149,11 @@
 {
 	if (!rdp->beenonline)
 		return;
-	seq_printf(m, "%d,%s,%lu,%lu,%d,%lu,%d",
+	seq_printf(m, "%d,%s,%lu,%lu,%d,%d",
 		   rdp->cpu,
 		   cpu_is_offline(rdp->cpu) ? "\"N\"" : "\"Y\"",
 		   rdp->completed, rdp->gpnum,
-		   rdp->passed_quiesce, rdp->passed_quiesce_gpnum,
-		   rdp->qs_pending);
+		   rdp->passed_quiesce, rdp->qs_pending);
 	seq_printf(m, ",%d,%llx,%d,%lu",
 		   atomic_read(&rdp->dynticks->dynticks),
 		   rdp->dynticks->dynticks_nesting,
@@ -186,7 +184,7 @@
 	int cpu;
 	struct rcu_state *rsp;
 
-	seq_puts(m, "\"CPU\",\"Online?\",\"c\",\"g\",\"pq\",\"pgp\",\"pq\",");
+	seq_puts(m, "\"CPU\",\"Online?\",\"c\",\"g\",\"pq\",\"pq\",");
 	seq_puts(m, "\"dt\",\"dt nesting\",\"dt NMI nesting\",\"df\",");
 	seq_puts(m, "\"of\",\"qll\",\"ql\",\"qs\"");
 #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_BOOST
@@ -386,10 +384,9 @@
 		   rdp->n_rp_report_qs,
 		   rdp->n_rp_cb_ready,
 		   rdp->n_rp_cpu_needs_gp);
-	seq_printf(m, "gpc=%ld gps=%ld nf=%ld nn=%ld\n",
+	seq_printf(m, "gpc=%ld gps=%ld nn=%ld\n",
 		   rdp->n_rp_gp_completed,
 		   rdp->n_rp_gp_started,
-		   rdp->n_rp_need_fqs,
 		   rdp->n_rp_need_nothing);
 }
 
diff --git a/kernel/sched/core.c b/kernel/sched/core.c
index fbf1fd0..8c38b5e 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/core.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/core.c
@@ -5304,27 +5304,17 @@
 }
 
 /*
- * While a dead CPU has no uninterruptible tasks queued at this point,
- * it might still have a nonzero ->nr_uninterruptible counter, because
- * for performance reasons the counter is not stricly tracking tasks to
- * their home CPUs. So we just add the counter to another CPU's counter,
- * to keep the global sum constant after CPU-down:
+ * Since this CPU is going 'away' for a while, fold any nr_active delta
+ * we might have. Assumes we're called after migrate_tasks() so that the
+ * nr_active count is stable.
+ *
+ * Also see the comment "Global load-average calculations".
  */
-static void migrate_nr_uninterruptible(struct rq *rq_src)
+static void calc_load_migrate(struct rq *rq)
 {
-	struct rq *rq_dest = cpu_rq(cpumask_any(cpu_active_mask));
-
-	rq_dest->nr_uninterruptible += rq_src->nr_uninterruptible;
-	rq_src->nr_uninterruptible = 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * remove the tasks which were accounted by rq from calc_load_tasks.
- */
-static void calc_global_load_remove(struct rq *rq)
-{
-	atomic_long_sub(rq->calc_load_active, &calc_load_tasks);
-	rq->calc_load_active = 0;
+	long delta = calc_load_fold_active(rq);
+	if (delta)
+		atomic_long_add(delta, &calc_load_tasks);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -5617,9 +5607,18 @@
 		migrate_tasks(cpu);
 		BUG_ON(rq->nr_running != 1); /* the migration thread */
 		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rq->lock, flags);
+		break;
 
-		migrate_nr_uninterruptible(rq);
-		calc_global_load_remove(rq);
+	case CPU_DEAD:
+		{
+			struct rq *dest_rq;
+
+			local_irq_save(flags);
+			dest_rq = cpu_rq(smp_processor_id());
+			raw_spin_lock(&dest_rq->lock);
+			calc_load_migrate(rq);
+			raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dest_rq->lock, flags);
+		}
 		break;
 #endif
 	}