| /* |
| * Copyright (c) 2009 Princeton University |
| * Copyright (c) 2009 The Regents of the University of California |
| * All rights reserved. |
| * |
| * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without |
| * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are |
| * met: redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright |
| * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer; |
| * redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright |
| * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the |
| * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution; |
| * neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its |
| * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from |
| * this software without specific prior written permission. |
| * |
| * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS |
| * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT |
| * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR |
| * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT |
| * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, |
| * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT |
| * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, |
| * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY |
| * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT |
| * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE |
| * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. |
| * |
| * Authors: Hangsheng Wang (Orion 1.0, Princeton) |
| * Xinping Zhu (Orion 1.0, Princeton) |
| * Xuning Chen (Orion 1.0, Princeton) |
| * Bin Li (Orion 2.0, Princeton) |
| * Kambiz Samadi (Orion 2.0, UC San Diego) |
| */ |
| |
| #include <cmath> |
| #include <cstdlib> |
| #include <iostream> |
| |
| #include "base/misc.hh" |
| #include "mem/ruby/network/orion/TechParameter.hh" |
| #include "mem/ruby/network/orion/Wire.hh" |
| |
| using namespace std; |
| |
| Wire::Wire( |
| const string& wire_spacing_model_str_, |
| const string& buf_scheme_str_, |
| bool is_shielding_, |
| const TechParameter* tech_param_ptr_ |
| ) |
| { |
| set_width_spacing_model(wire_spacing_model_str_); |
| set_buf_scheme(buf_scheme_str_); |
| |
| m_is_shielding = is_shielding_; |
| |
| m_tech_param_ptr = tech_param_ptr_; |
| |
| if (m_tech_param_ptr->get_tech_node() > 90) |
| { |
| cerr << "ERROR: Wire model only support tech node <= 90" << endl; |
| exit(1); |
| } |
| |
| init(); |
| } |
| |
| Wire::~Wire() |
| {} |
| |
| // OPTIMUM K and H CALCULATION |
| // Computes the optimum number and size of repeaters for the link |
| void Wire::calc_opt_buffering( |
| int* k_, |
| double* h_, |
| double len_ |
| ) const |
| { |
| double BufferDriveResistance = m_tech_param_ptr->get_BufferDriveResistance(); |
| double BufferInputCapacitance = m_tech_param_ptr->get_BufferInputCapacitance(); |
| switch(m_buf_scheme) |
| { |
| case MIN_DELAY: |
| { |
| if (m_is_shielding) |
| { |
| double r = m_res_unit_len*len_; |
| double c_g = 2*m_gnd_cap_unit_len*len_; |
| double c_c = 2*m_couple_cap_unit_len*len_; |
| *k_ = (int) sqrt(((0.4*r*c_g)+(0.57*r*c_c))/ |
| (0.7*BufferDriveResistance*BufferInputCapacitance)); //k is the number of buffers to be inserted |
| *h_ = sqrt(((0.7*BufferDriveResistance*c_g)+ |
| (1.4*1.5*BufferDriveResistance*c_c))/(0.7*r*BufferInputCapacitance)); //the size of the buffers to be inserted |
| break; |
| } |
| else |
| { |
| double r = m_res_unit_len*len_; |
| double c_g = 2*m_gnd_cap_unit_len*len_; |
| double c_c = 2*m_couple_cap_unit_len*len_; |
| *k_ = (int) sqrt(((0.4*r*c_g)+(1.51*r*c_c))/ |
| (0.7*BufferDriveResistance*BufferInputCapacitance)); |
| *h_ = sqrt(((0.7*BufferDriveResistance*c_g)+ |
| (1.4*2.2*BufferDriveResistance*c_c))/(0.7*r*BufferInputCapacitance)); |
| break; |
| } |
| } |
| case STAGGERED: |
| { |
| double r = m_res_unit_len*len_; |
| double c_g = 2*m_gnd_cap_unit_len*len_; |
| double c_c = 2*m_couple_cap_unit_len*len_; |
| |
| *k_ = (int) sqrt(((0.4*r*c_g)+(0.57*r*c_c))/ |
| (0.7*BufferDriveResistance*BufferInputCapacitance)); |
| *h_ = sqrt(((0.7*BufferDriveResistance*c_g)+ |
| (1.4*1.5*BufferDriveResistance*c_c))/(0.7*r*BufferInputCapacitance)); |
| break; |
| } |
| default: |
| { |
| // make gcc happy although all the cases of the enum |
| // are already covered |
| *k_ = 0; |
| *h_ = 0; |
| break; |
| } |
| } |
| return; |
| } |
| |
| double Wire::calc_dynamic_energy(double len_) const |
| { |
| |
| double c_g = 2*m_gnd_cap_unit_len*len_; |
| double c_c = 2*m_couple_cap_unit_len*len_; |
| double cap_wire = c_g + c_c; |
| |
| int k; |
| double h; |
| |
| calc_opt_buffering(&k, &h, len_); |
| |
| double BufferInputCapacitance = m_tech_param_ptr->get_BufferInputCapacitance(); |
| double cap_buf = ((double)k)*BufferInputCapacitance*h; |
| |
| double e_factor = m_tech_param_ptr->get_EnergyFactor(); |
| return ((cap_wire+cap_buf)*e_factor); |
| } |
| |
| double Wire::calc_static_power(double len_) const |
| { |
| int k; |
| double h; |
| calc_opt_buffering(&k, &h, len_); |
| |
| double BufferNMOSOffCurrent = m_tech_param_ptr->get_BufferNMOSOffCurrent(); |
| double BufferPMOSOffCurrent = m_tech_param_ptr->get_BufferPMOSOffCurrent(); |
| double i_static_nmos = BufferNMOSOffCurrent*h*k; |
| double i_static_pmos = BufferPMOSOffCurrent*h*k; |
| |
| double vdd = m_tech_param_ptr->get_vdd(); |
| return (vdd*(i_static_pmos+i_static_nmos)/2); |
| } |
| |
| void Wire::init() |
| { |
| m_res_unit_len = calc_res_unit_len(); |
| m_gnd_cap_unit_len = calc_gnd_cap_unit_len(); |
| m_couple_cap_unit_len = calc_couple_cap_unit_len(); |
| return; |
| } |
| |
| void Wire::set_width_spacing_model( |
| const string& wire_spacing_model_str_ |
| ) |
| { |
| if (wire_spacing_model_str_ == string("SWIDTH_SSPACE")) |
| { |
| m_width_spacing_model = SWIDTH_SSPACE; |
| } |
| else if (wire_spacing_model_str_ == string("SWIDTH_DSPACE")) |
| { |
| m_width_spacing_model = SWIDTH_DSPACE; |
| } |
| else if (wire_spacing_model_str_ == string("DWIDTH_SSPACE")) |
| { |
| m_width_spacing_model = DWIDTH_SSPACE; |
| } |
| else if (wire_spacing_model_str_ == string("DWIDTH_DSPACE")) |
| { |
| m_width_spacing_model = DWIDTH_DSPACE; |
| } |
| else |
| { |
| cerr << "ERROR: Invalid wire width/spacing model" << endl; |
| exit(1); |
| } |
| return; |
| } |
| |
| void Wire::set_buf_scheme( |
| const string& buf_scheme_str_ |
| ) |
| { |
| if (buf_scheme_str_ == string("MIN_DELAY")) |
| { |
| m_buf_scheme = MIN_DELAY; |
| } |
| else if (buf_scheme_str_ == string("STAGGERED")) |
| { |
| m_buf_scheme = STAGGERED; |
| } |
| else |
| { |
| cerr << "ERROR: Invalid wire buf scheme" << endl; |
| exit(1); |
| } |
| return; |
| } |
| |
| // The following function computes the wire resistance considering |
| // width-spacing combination and a width-dependent resistivity model |
| double Wire::calc_res_unit_len() |
| { |
| double r = -1.0; |
| double rho; |
| // r, rho is in ohm.m |
| |
| double WireMinWidth = m_tech_param_ptr->get_WireMinWidth(); |
| double WireBarrierThickness = m_tech_param_ptr->get_WireBarrierThickness(); |
| double WireMetalThickness = m_tech_param_ptr->get_WireMetalThickness(); |
| |
| switch(m_width_spacing_model) |
| { |
| case SWIDTH_SSPACE: |
| case SWIDTH_DSPACE: |
| rho = 2.202e-8 + (1.030e-15 / (WireMinWidth - 2*WireBarrierThickness)); |
| r = ((rho) / ((WireMinWidth - 2*WireBarrierThickness) * |
| (WireMetalThickness - WireBarrierThickness))); |
| break; |
| case DWIDTH_SSPACE: |
| case DWIDTH_DSPACE: |
| rho = 2.202e-8 + (1.030e-15 / (2*WireMinWidth - 2*WireBarrierThickness)); |
| r = ((rho) / ((2*WireMinWidth - 2*WireBarrierThickness) * |
| (WireMetalThickness - WireBarrierThickness))); |
| break; |
| default: |
| warn("Orion: Width spacing model not found: %s\n", m_width_spacing_model); |
| r = 1.0; |
| } |
| return r; |
| } |
| |
| // COMPUTE WIRE CAPACITANCE using PTM models |
| double Wire::calc_gnd_cap_unit_len() |
| { |
| // c_g is in F |
| double c_g = -1.0; |
| |
| double WireMinWidth = m_tech_param_ptr->get_WireMinWidth(); |
| double WireMinSpacing = m_tech_param_ptr->get_WireMinSpacing(); |
| double WireMetalThickness = m_tech_param_ptr->get_WireMetalThickness(); |
| double WireDielectricThickness = m_tech_param_ptr->get_WireDielectricThickness(); |
| double WireDielectricConstant = m_tech_param_ptr->get_WireDielectricConstant(); |
| |
| switch(m_width_spacing_model) |
| { |
| case SWIDTH_SSPACE: |
| { |
| double A = (WireMinWidth/WireDielectricThickness); |
| double B = 2.04*pow((WireMinSpacing/(WireMinSpacing + |
| 0.54*WireDielectricThickness)), 1.77); |
| double C = pow((WireMetalThickness/(WireMetalThickness + |
| 4.53*WireDielectricThickness)), 0.07); |
| c_g = WireDielectricConstant*8.85e-12*(A+(B*C)); |
| break; |
| } |
| case SWIDTH_DSPACE: |
| { |
| double minSpacingNew = 2*WireMinSpacing + WireMinWidth; |
| double A = (WireMinWidth/WireDielectricThickness); |
| double B = 2.04*pow((minSpacingNew/(minSpacingNew + |
| 0.54*WireDielectricThickness)), 1.77); |
| double C = pow((WireMetalThickness/(WireMetalThickness + |
| 4.53*WireDielectricThickness)), 0.07); |
| c_g = WireDielectricConstant*8.85e-12*(A+(B*C)); |
| break; |
| } |
| case DWIDTH_SSPACE: |
| { |
| double minWidthNew = 2*WireMinWidth; |
| double A = (minWidthNew/WireDielectricThickness); |
| double B = 2.04*pow((WireMinSpacing/(WireMinSpacing + |
| 0.54*WireDielectricThickness)), 1.77); |
| double C = pow((WireMetalThickness/(WireMetalThickness + |
| 4.53*WireDielectricThickness)), 0.07); |
| c_g = WireDielectricConstant*8.85e-12*(A+(B*C)); |
| break; |
| } |
| case DWIDTH_DSPACE: |
| { |
| double minWidthNew = 2*WireMinWidth; |
| double minSpacingNew = 2*WireMinSpacing; |
| double A = (minWidthNew/WireDielectricThickness); |
| double B = 2.04*pow((minSpacingNew/(minSpacingNew+ |
| 0.54*WireDielectricThickness)), 1.77); |
| double C = pow((WireMetalThickness/(WireMetalThickness + |
| 4.53*WireDielectricThickness)), 0.07); |
| c_g = WireDielectricConstant*8.85e-12*(A+(B*C)); |
| break; |
| } |
| default: |
| warn("Orion: Width spacing model not found: %s\n", m_width_spacing_model); |
| c_g = 1.0; |
| } |
| |
| return c_g; |
| } |
| |
| // Computes the coupling capacitance considering cross-talk |
| double Wire::calc_couple_cap_unit_len() |
| { |
| //c_c is in F |
| double c_c = -1.0; |
| |
| double WireMinWidth = m_tech_param_ptr->get_WireMinWidth(); |
| double WireMinSpacing = m_tech_param_ptr->get_WireMinSpacing(); |
| double WireMetalThickness = m_tech_param_ptr->get_WireMetalThickness(); |
| double WireDielectricThickness = m_tech_param_ptr->get_WireDielectricThickness(); |
| double WireDielectricConstant = m_tech_param_ptr->get_WireDielectricConstant(); |
| |
| switch(m_width_spacing_model) |
| { |
| case SWIDTH_SSPACE: |
| { |
| double A = 1.14*(WireMetalThickness/WireMinSpacing) * |
| exp(-4*WireMinSpacing/(WireMinSpacing + 8.01*WireDielectricThickness)); |
| double B = 2.37*pow((WireMinWidth/(WireMinWidth + 0.31*WireMinSpacing)), 0.28); |
| double C = pow((WireDielectricThickness/(WireDielectricThickness + |
| 8.96*WireMinSpacing)), 0.76) * |
| exp(-2*WireMinSpacing/(WireMinSpacing + 6*WireDielectricThickness)); |
| c_c = WireDielectricConstant*8.85e-12*(A + (B*C)); |
| break; |
| } |
| case SWIDTH_DSPACE: |
| { |
| double minSpacingNew = 2*WireMinSpacing + WireMinWidth; |
| double A = 1.14*(WireMetalThickness/minSpacingNew) * |
| exp(-4*minSpacingNew/(minSpacingNew + 8.01*WireDielectricThickness)); |
| double B = 2.37*pow((WireMinWidth/(WireMinWidth + 0.31*minSpacingNew)), 0.28); |
| double C = pow((WireDielectricThickness/(WireDielectricThickness + |
| 8.96*minSpacingNew)), 0.76) * |
| exp(-2*minSpacingNew/(minSpacingNew + 6*WireDielectricThickness)); |
| c_c = WireDielectricConstant*8.85e-12*(A + (B*C)); |
| break; |
| } |
| case DWIDTH_SSPACE: |
| { |
| double minWidthNew = 2*WireMinWidth; |
| double A = 1.14*(WireMetalThickness/WireMinSpacing) * |
| exp(-4*WireMinSpacing/(WireMinSpacing + 8.01*WireDielectricThickness)); |
| double B = 2.37*pow((2*minWidthNew/(2*minWidthNew + 0.31*WireMinSpacing)), 0.28); |
| double C = pow((WireDielectricThickness/(WireDielectricThickness + |
| 8.96*WireMinSpacing)), 0.76) * |
| exp(-2*WireMinSpacing/(WireMinSpacing + 6*WireDielectricThickness)); |
| c_c = WireDielectricConstant*8.85e-12*(A + (B*C)); |
| break; |
| } |
| case DWIDTH_DSPACE: |
| { |
| double minWidthNew = 2*WireMinWidth; |
| double minSpacingNew = 2*WireMinSpacing; |
| double A = 1.14*(WireMetalThickness/minSpacingNew) * |
| exp(-4*minSpacingNew/(minSpacingNew + 8.01*WireDielectricThickness)); |
| double B = 2.37*pow((minWidthNew/(minWidthNew + 0.31*minSpacingNew)), 0.28); |
| double C = pow((WireDielectricThickness/(WireDielectricThickness + |
| 8.96*minSpacingNew)), 0.76) * |
| exp(-2*minSpacingNew/(minSpacingNew + 6*WireDielectricThickness)); |
| c_c = WireDielectricConstant*8.85e-12*(A + (B*C)); |
| break; |
| } |
| default: |
| warn("Orion: Width spacing model not found: %s\n", m_width_spacing_model); |
| c_c = 1.0; |
| } |
| |
| return c_c; |
| } |
| |