| /** |
| * Copyright (c) 2018 Metempsy Technology Consulting |
| * All rights reserved. |
| * |
| * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without |
| * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are |
| * met: redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright |
| * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer; |
| * redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright |
| * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the |
| * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution; |
| * neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its |
| * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from |
| * this software without specific prior written permission. |
| * |
| * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS |
| * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT |
| * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR |
| * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT |
| * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, |
| * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT |
| * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, |
| * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY |
| * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT |
| * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE |
| * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. |
| * |
| * Authors: Javier Bueno |
| */ |
| |
| #include "mem/cache/prefetch/signature_path.hh" |
| |
| #include <cassert> |
| #include <climits> |
| |
| #include "debug/HWPrefetch.hh" |
| #include "mem/cache/prefetch/associative_set_impl.hh" |
| #include "params/SignaturePathPrefetcher.hh" |
| |
| SignaturePathPrefetcher::SignaturePathPrefetcher( |
| const SignaturePathPrefetcherParams *p) |
| : QueuedPrefetcher(p), |
| stridesPerPatternEntry(p->strides_per_pattern_entry), |
| signatureShift(p->signature_shift), |
| signatureBits(p->signature_bits), |
| prefetchConfidenceThreshold(p->prefetch_confidence_threshold), |
| lookaheadConfidenceThreshold(p->lookahead_confidence_threshold), |
| signatureTable(p->signature_table_assoc, p->signature_table_entries, |
| p->signature_table_indexing_policy, |
| p->signature_table_replacement_policy), |
| patternTable(p->pattern_table_assoc, p->pattern_table_entries, |
| p->pattern_table_indexing_policy, |
| p->pattern_table_replacement_policy, |
| PatternEntry(stridesPerPatternEntry, p->num_counter_bits)) |
| { |
| fatal_if(prefetchConfidenceThreshold < 0, |
| "The prefetch confidence threshold must be greater than 0\n"); |
| fatal_if(prefetchConfidenceThreshold > 1, |
| "The prefetch confidence threshold must be less than 1\n"); |
| fatal_if(lookaheadConfidenceThreshold < 0, |
| "The lookahead confidence threshold must be greater than 0\n"); |
| fatal_if(lookaheadConfidenceThreshold > 1, |
| "The lookahead confidence threshold must be less than 1\n"); |
| } |
| |
| SignaturePathPrefetcher::PatternStrideEntry & |
| SignaturePathPrefetcher::PatternEntry::getStrideEntry(stride_t stride) |
| { |
| PatternStrideEntry *pstride_entry = findStride(stride); |
| if (pstride_entry == nullptr) { |
| // Specific replacement algorithm for this table, |
| // pick the entry with the lowest counter value, |
| // then decrease the counter of all entries |
| |
| // If all counters have the max value, this will be the pick |
| PatternStrideEntry *victim_pstride_entry = &(strideEntries[0]); |
| |
| unsigned long current_counter = ULONG_MAX; |
| for (auto &entry : strideEntries) { |
| if (entry.counter < current_counter) { |
| victim_pstride_entry = &entry; |
| current_counter = entry.counter; |
| } |
| entry.counter--; |
| } |
| pstride_entry = victim_pstride_entry; |
| pstride_entry->counter.reset(); |
| pstride_entry->stride = stride; |
| } |
| return *pstride_entry; |
| } |
| |
| void |
| SignaturePathPrefetcher::addPrefetch(Addr ppn, stride_t last_block, |
| stride_t delta, double path_confidence, signature_t signature, |
| bool is_secure, std::vector<AddrPriority> &addresses) |
| { |
| stride_t block = last_block + delta; |
| |
| Addr pf_ppn; |
| stride_t pf_block; |
| if (block < 0) { |
| stride_t num_cross_pages = 1 + (-block) / (pageBytes/blkSize); |
| if (num_cross_pages > ppn) { |
| // target address smaller than page 0, ignore this request; |
| return; |
| } |
| pf_ppn = ppn - num_cross_pages; |
| pf_block = block + (pageBytes/blkSize) * num_cross_pages; |
| handlePageCrossingLookahead(signature, last_block, delta, |
| path_confidence); |
| } else if (block >= (pageBytes/blkSize)) { |
| stride_t num_cross_pages = block / (pageBytes/blkSize); |
| if (MaxAddr/pageBytes < (ppn + num_cross_pages)) { |
| // target address goes beyond MaxAddr, ignore this request; |
| return; |
| } |
| pf_ppn = ppn + num_cross_pages; |
| pf_block = block - (pageBytes/blkSize) * num_cross_pages; |
| handlePageCrossingLookahead(signature, last_block, delta, |
| path_confidence); |
| } else { |
| pf_ppn = ppn; |
| pf_block = block; |
| } |
| |
| Addr new_addr = pf_ppn * pageBytes; |
| new_addr += pf_block * (Addr)blkSize; |
| |
| DPRINTF(HWPrefetch, "Queuing prefetch to %#x.\n", new_addr); |
| addresses.push_back(AddrPriority(new_addr, 0)); |
| } |
| |
| void |
| SignaturePathPrefetcher::handleSignatureTableMiss(stride_t current_block, |
| signature_t &new_signature, double &new_conf, stride_t &new_stride) |
| { |
| new_signature = current_block; |
| new_conf = 1.0; |
| new_stride = current_block; |
| } |
| |
| void |
| SignaturePathPrefetcher::increasePatternEntryCounter( |
| PatternEntry &pattern_entry, PatternStrideEntry &pstride_entry) |
| { |
| pstride_entry.counter++; |
| } |
| |
| void |
| SignaturePathPrefetcher::updatePatternTable(Addr signature, stride_t stride) |
| { |
| assert(stride != 0); |
| // The pattern table is indexed by signatures |
| PatternEntry &p_entry = getPatternEntry(signature); |
| PatternStrideEntry &ps_entry = p_entry.getStrideEntry(stride); |
| increasePatternEntryCounter(p_entry, ps_entry); |
| } |
| |
| SignaturePathPrefetcher::SignatureEntry & |
| SignaturePathPrefetcher::getSignatureEntry(Addr ppn, bool is_secure, |
| stride_t block, bool &miss, stride_t &stride, |
| double &initial_confidence) |
| { |
| SignatureEntry* signature_entry = signatureTable.findEntry(ppn, is_secure); |
| if (signature_entry != nullptr) { |
| signatureTable.accessEntry(signature_entry); |
| miss = false; |
| stride = block - signature_entry->lastBlock; |
| } else { |
| signature_entry = signatureTable.findVictim(ppn); |
| assert(signature_entry != nullptr); |
| |
| // Sets signature_entry->signature, initial_confidence, and stride |
| handleSignatureTableMiss(block, signature_entry->signature, |
| initial_confidence, stride); |
| |
| signatureTable.insertEntry(ppn, is_secure, signature_entry); |
| miss = true; |
| } |
| signature_entry->lastBlock = block; |
| return *signature_entry; |
| } |
| |
| SignaturePathPrefetcher::PatternEntry & |
| SignaturePathPrefetcher::getPatternEntry(Addr signature) |
| { |
| PatternEntry* pattern_entry = patternTable.findEntry(signature, false); |
| if (pattern_entry != nullptr) { |
| // Signature found |
| patternTable.accessEntry(pattern_entry); |
| } else { |
| // Signature not found |
| pattern_entry = patternTable.findVictim(signature); |
| assert(pattern_entry != nullptr); |
| |
| patternTable.insertEntry(signature, false, pattern_entry); |
| } |
| return *pattern_entry; |
| } |
| |
| double |
| SignaturePathPrefetcher::calculatePrefetchConfidence(PatternEntry const &sig, |
| PatternStrideEntry const &entry) const |
| { |
| return entry.counter.calcSaturation(); |
| } |
| |
| double |
| SignaturePathPrefetcher::calculateLookaheadConfidence(PatternEntry const &sig, |
| PatternStrideEntry const &lookahead) const |
| { |
| double lookahead_confidence = lookahead.counter.calcSaturation(); |
| if (lookahead_confidence > 0.95) { |
| /** |
| * maximum confidence is 0.95, guaranteeing that |
| * current confidence will eventually fall beyond |
| * the threshold |
| */ |
| lookahead_confidence = 0.95; |
| } |
| return lookahead_confidence; |
| } |
| |
| void |
| SignaturePathPrefetcher::calculatePrefetch(const PrefetchInfo &pfi, |
| std::vector<AddrPriority> &addresses) |
| { |
| Addr request_addr = pfi.getAddr(); |
| Addr ppn = request_addr / pageBytes; |
| stride_t current_block = (request_addr % pageBytes) / blkSize; |
| stride_t stride; |
| bool is_secure = pfi.isSecure(); |
| double initial_confidence = 1.0; |
| |
| // Get the SignatureEntry of this page to: |
| // - compute the current stride |
| // - obtain the current signature of accesses |
| bool miss; |
| SignatureEntry &signature_entry = getSignatureEntry(ppn, is_secure, |
| current_block, miss, stride, initial_confidence); |
| |
| if (miss) { |
| // No history for this page, can't continue |
| return; |
| } |
| |
| if (stride == 0) { |
| // Can't continue with a stride 0 |
| return; |
| } |
| |
| // Update the confidence of the current signature |
| updatePatternTable(signature_entry.signature, stride); |
| |
| // Update the current SignatureEntry signature |
| signature_entry.signature = |
| updateSignature(signature_entry.signature, stride); |
| |
| signature_t current_signature = signature_entry.signature; |
| double current_confidence = initial_confidence; |
| stride_t current_stride = signature_entry.lastBlock; |
| |
| // Look for prefetch candidates while the current path confidence is |
| // high enough |
| while (current_confidence > lookaheadConfidenceThreshold) { |
| // With the updated signature, attempt to generate prefetches |
| // - search the PatternTable and select all entries with enough |
| // confidence, these are prefetch candidates |
| // - select the entry with the highest counter as the "lookahead" |
| PatternEntry *current_pattern_entry = |
| patternTable.findEntry(current_signature, false); |
| PatternStrideEntry const *lookahead = nullptr; |
| if (current_pattern_entry != nullptr) { |
| unsigned long max_counter = 0; |
| for (auto const &entry : current_pattern_entry->strideEntries) { |
| //select the entry with the maximum counter value as lookahead |
| if (max_counter < entry.counter) { |
| max_counter = entry.counter; |
| lookahead = &entry; |
| } |
| double prefetch_confidence = |
| calculatePrefetchConfidence(*current_pattern_entry, entry); |
| |
| if (prefetch_confidence >= prefetchConfidenceThreshold) { |
| assert(entry.stride != 0); |
| //prefetch candidate |
| addPrefetch(ppn, current_stride, entry.stride, |
| current_confidence, current_signature, |
| is_secure, addresses); |
| } |
| } |
| } |
| |
| if (lookahead != nullptr) { |
| current_confidence *= calculateLookaheadConfidence( |
| *current_pattern_entry, *lookahead); |
| current_signature = |
| updateSignature(current_signature, lookahead->stride); |
| current_stride += lookahead->stride; |
| } else { |
| current_confidence = 0.0; |
| } |
| } |
| |
| auxiliaryPrefetcher(ppn, current_block, is_secure, addresses); |
| } |
| |
| void |
| SignaturePathPrefetcher::auxiliaryPrefetcher(Addr ppn, stride_t current_block, |
| bool is_secure, std::vector<AddrPriority> &addresses) |
| { |
| if (addresses.empty()) { |
| // Enable the next line prefetcher if no prefetch candidates are found |
| addPrefetch(ppn, current_block, 1, 0.0 /* unused*/, 0 /* unused */, |
| is_secure, addresses); |
| } |
| } |
| |
| SignaturePathPrefetcher* |
| SignaturePathPrefetcherParams::create() |
| { |
| return new SignaturePathPrefetcher(this); |
| } |
