src/base/coroutine.hh - public/gem5 - Git at Google

 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2018 ARM Limited
  * All rights reserved
  *
  * The license below extends only to copyright in the software and shall
  * not be construed as granting a license to any other intellectual
  * property including but not limited to intellectual property relating
  * to a hardware implementation of the functionality of the software
  * licensed hereunder.  You may use the software subject to the license
  * terms below provided that you ensure that this notice is replicated
  * unmodified and in its entirety in all distributions of the software,
  * modified or unmodified, in source code or in binary form.
  *
  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
  * met: redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer;
  * redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution;
  * neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its
  * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
  * this software without specific prior written permission.
  *
  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
  * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
  * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
  * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
  * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
  * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
  * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  *
  * Authors: Giacomo Travaglini
  */

 #ifndef __BASE_COROUTINE_HH__
 #define __BASE_COROUTINE_HH__

 #include <functional>
 #include <stack>

 #include "base/fiber.hh"

 namespace m5
 {

 /**
  * This template defines a Coroutine wrapper type with a Boost-like
  * interface. It is built on top of the gem5 fiber class.
  * The two template parameters (Arg and Ret) are the coroutine
  * argument and coroutine return types which are passed between
  * the coroutine and the caller via operator() and get() method.
  * This implementation doesn't support passing multiple values,
  * so a tuple must be used in that scenario.
  *
  * Most methods are templatized since it is relevant to distinguish
  * the cases where one or both of the template parameters are void
  */
 template <typename Arg, typename Ret>
 class Coroutine : public Fiber
 {

     // This empty struct type is meant to replace coroutine channels
     // in case the channel should be void (Coroutine template parameters
     // are void. (See following ArgChannel, RetChannel typedef)
     struct Empty {};
     using ArgChannel = typename std::conditional<
         std::is_same<Arg, void>::value, Empty, std::stack<Arg>>::type;

     using RetChannel = typename std::conditional<
         std::is_same<Ret, void>::value, Empty, std::stack<Ret>>::type;

   public:
     /**
      * CallerType:
      * A reference to an object of this class will be passed
      * to the coroutine task. This is the way it is possible
      * for the coroutine to interface (e.g. switch back)
      * to the coroutine caller.
      */
     class CallerType
     {
         friend class Coroutine;
       protected:
         CallerType(Coroutine& _coro) : coro(_coro), callerFiber(nullptr) {}

       public:
         /**
          * operator() is the way we can jump outside the coroutine
          * and return a value to the caller.
          *
          * This method is generated only if the coroutine returns
          * a value (Ret != void)
          */
         template <typename T = Ret>
         CallerType&
         operator()(typename std::enable_if<
                    !std::is_same<T, void>::value, T>::type param)
         {
             retChannel.push(param);
             callerFiber->run();
             return *this;
         }

         /**
          * operator() is the way we can jump outside the coroutine
          *
          * This method is generated only if the coroutine doesn't
          * return a value (Ret = void)
          */
         template <typename T = Ret>
         typename std::enable_if<std::is_same<T, void>::value,
                                 CallerType>::type&
         operator()()
         {
             callerFiber->run();
             return *this;
         }

         /**
          * get() is the way we can extrapolate arguments from the
          * coroutine caller.
          * The coroutine blocks, waiting for the value, unless it is already
          * available; otherwise caller execution is resumed,
          * and coroutine won't execute until a value is pushed
          * from the caller.
          *
          * @return arg coroutine argument
          */
         template <typename T = Arg>
         typename std::enable_if<!std::is_same<T, void>::value, T>::type
         get()
         {
             auto& args_channel = coro.argsChannel;
             while (args_channel.empty()) {
                 callerFiber->run();
             }

             auto ret = args_channel.top();
             args_channel.pop();
             return ret;
         }

       private:
         Coroutine& coro;
         Fiber* callerFiber;
         RetChannel retChannel;
     };

     Coroutine() = delete;
     Coroutine(const Coroutine& rhs) = delete;
     Coroutine& operator=(const Coroutine& rhs) = delete;

     /**
      * Coroutine constructor.
      * The only way to construct a coroutine is to pass it the routine
      * it needs to run. The first argument of the function should be a
      * reference to the Coroutine<Arg,Ret>::caller_type which the
      * routine will use as a way for yielding to the caller.
      *
      * @param f task run by the coroutine
      */
     Coroutine(std::function<void(CallerType&)> f)
       : Fiber(), task(f), caller(*this)
     {
         // Create and Run the Coroutine
         this->call();
     }

     virtual ~Coroutine() {}

   public:
     /** Coroutine interface */

     /**
      * operator() is the way we can jump inside the coroutine
      * and passing arguments.
      *
      * This method is generated only if the coroutine takes
      * arguments (Arg != void)
      */
     template <typename T = Arg>
     Coroutine&
     operator()(typename std::enable_if<
                !std::is_same<T, void>::value, T>::type param)
     {
         argsChannel.push(param);
         this->call();
         return *this;
     }

     /**
      * operator() is the way we can jump inside the coroutine.
      *
      * This method is generated only if the coroutine takes
      * no arguments. (Arg = void)
      */
     template <typename T = Arg>
     typename std::enable_if<std::is_same<T, void>::value, Coroutine>::type&
     operator()()
     {
         this->call();
         return *this;
     }

     /**
      * get() is the way we can extrapolate return values
      * (yielded) from the coroutine.
      * The caller blocks, waiting for the value, unless it is already
      * available; otherwise coroutine execution is resumed,
      * and caller won't execute until a value is yielded back
      * from the coroutine.
      *
      * @return ret yielded value
      */
     template <typename T = Ret>
     typename std::enable_if<!std::is_same<T, void>::value, T>::type
     get()
     {
         auto& ret_channel = caller.retChannel;
         while (ret_channel.empty()) {
             this->call();
         }

         auto ret = ret_channel.top();
         ret_channel.pop();
         return ret;
     }

     /** Check if coroutine is still running */
     operator bool() const { return !this->finished(); }

   private:
     /**
      * Overriding base (Fiber) main.
      * This method will be automatically called by the Fiber
      * running engine and it is a simple wrapper for the task
      * that the coroutine is supposed to run.
      */
     void main() override { this->task(caller); }

     void
     call()
     {
         caller.callerFiber = currentFiber();
         run();
     }

   private:
     /** Arguments for the coroutine */
     ArgChannel argsChannel;

     /** Coroutine task */
     std::function<void(CallerType&)> task;

     /** Coroutine caller */
     CallerType caller;
 };

 } //namespace m5

 #endif // __BASE_COROUTINE_HH__
	/*
	* Copyright (c) 2018 ARM Limited
	* All rights reserved
	*
	* The license below extends only to copyright in the software and shall
	* not be construed as granting a license to any other intellectual
	* property including but not limited to intellectual property relating
	* to a hardware implementation of the functionality of the software
	* licensed hereunder. You may use the software subject to the license
	* terms below provided that you ensure that this notice is replicated
	* unmodified and in its entirety in all distributions of the software,
	* modified or unmodified, in source code or in binary form.
	*
	* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
	* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
	* met: redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
	* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer;
	* redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
	* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
	* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution;
	* neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its
	* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
	* this software without specific prior written permission.
	*
	* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
	* "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
	* LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
	* A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
	* OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
	* SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
	* LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
	* DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
	* THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
	* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
	* OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
	*
	* Authors: Giacomo Travaglini
	*/

	#ifndef __BASE_COROUTINE_HH__
	#define __BASE_COROUTINE_HH__

	#include <functional>
	#include <stack>

	#include "base/fiber.hh"

	namespace m5
	{

	/**
	* This template defines a Coroutine wrapper type with a Boost-like
	* interface. It is built on top of the gem5 fiber class.
	* The two template parameters (Arg and Ret) are the coroutine
	* argument and coroutine return types which are passed between
	* the coroutine and the caller via operator() and get() method.
	* This implementation doesn't support passing multiple values,
	* so a tuple must be used in that scenario.
	*
	* Most methods are templatized since it is relevant to distinguish
	* the cases where one or both of the template parameters are void
	*/
	template <typename Arg, typename Ret>
	class Coroutine : public Fiber
	{

	// This empty struct type is meant to replace coroutine channels
	// in case the channel should be void (Coroutine template parameters
	// are void. (See following ArgChannel, RetChannel typedef)
	struct Empty {};
	using ArgChannel = typename std::conditional<
	std::is_same<Arg, void>::value, Empty, std::stack<Arg>>::type;

	using RetChannel = typename std::conditional<
	std::is_same<Ret, void>::value, Empty, std::stack<Ret>>::type;

	public:
	/**
	* CallerType:
	* A reference to an object of this class will be passed
	* to the coroutine task. This is the way it is possible
	* for the coroutine to interface (e.g. switch back)
	* to the coroutine caller.
	*/
	class CallerType
	{
	friend class Coroutine;
	protected:
	CallerType(Coroutine& _coro) : coro(_coro), callerFiber(nullptr) {}

	public:
	/**
	* operator() is the way we can jump outside the coroutine
	* and return a value to the caller.
	*
	* This method is generated only if the coroutine returns
	* a value (Ret != void)
	*/
	template <typename T = Ret>
	CallerType&
	operator()(typename std::enable_if<
	!std::is_same<T, void>::value, T>::type param)
	{
	retChannel.push(param);
	callerFiber->run();
	return *this;
	}

	/**
	* operator() is the way we can jump outside the coroutine
	*
	* This method is generated only if the coroutine doesn't
	* return a value (Ret = void)
	*/
	template <typename T = Ret>
	typename std::enable_if<std::is_same<T, void>::value,
	CallerType>::type&
	operator()()
	{
	callerFiber->run();
	return *this;
	}

	/**
	* get() is the way we can extrapolate arguments from the
	* coroutine caller.
	* The coroutine blocks, waiting for the value, unless it is already
	* available; otherwise caller execution is resumed,
	* and coroutine won't execute until a value is pushed
	* from the caller.
	*
	* @return arg coroutine argument
	*/
	template <typename T = Arg>
	typename std::enable_if<!std::is_same<T, void>::value, T>::type
	get()
	{
	auto& args_channel = coro.argsChannel;
	while (args_channel.empty()) {
	callerFiber->run();
	}

	auto ret = args_channel.top();
	args_channel.pop();
	return ret;
	}

	private:
	Coroutine& coro;
	Fiber* callerFiber;
	RetChannel retChannel;
	};

	Coroutine() = delete;
	Coroutine(const Coroutine& rhs) = delete;
	Coroutine& operator=(const Coroutine& rhs) = delete;

	/**
	* Coroutine constructor.
	* The only way to construct a coroutine is to pass it the routine
	* it needs to run. The first argument of the function should be a
	* reference to the Coroutine<Arg,Ret>::caller_type which the
	* routine will use as a way for yielding to the caller.
	*
	* @param f task run by the coroutine
	*/
	Coroutine(std::function<void(CallerType&)> f)
	: Fiber(), task(f), caller(*this)
	{
	// Create and Run the Coroutine
	this->call();
	}

	virtual ~Coroutine() {}

	public:
	/** Coroutine interface */

	/**
	* operator() is the way we can jump inside the coroutine
	* and passing arguments.
	*
	* This method is generated only if the coroutine takes
	* arguments (Arg != void)
	*/
	template <typename T = Arg>
	Coroutine&
	operator()(typename std::enable_if<
	!std::is_same<T, void>::value, T>::type param)
	{
	argsChannel.push(param);
	this->call();
	return *this;
	}

	/**
	* operator() is the way we can jump inside the coroutine.
	*
	* This method is generated only if the coroutine takes
	* no arguments. (Arg = void)
	*/
	template <typename T = Arg>
	typename std::enable_if<std::is_same<T, void>::value, Coroutine>::type&
	operator()()
	{
	this->call();
	return *this;
	}

	/**
	* get() is the way we can extrapolate return values
	* (yielded) from the coroutine.
	* The caller blocks, waiting for the value, unless it is already
	* available; otherwise coroutine execution is resumed,
	* and caller won't execute until a value is yielded back
	* from the coroutine.
	*
	* @return ret yielded value
	*/
	template <typename T = Ret>
	typename std::enable_if<!std::is_same<T, void>::value, T>::type
	get()
	{
	auto& ret_channel = caller.retChannel;
	while (ret_channel.empty()) {
	this->call();
	}

	auto ret = ret_channel.top();
	ret_channel.pop();
	return ret;
	}

	/** Check if coroutine is still running */
	operator bool() const { return !this->finished(); }

	private:
	/**
	* Overriding base (Fiber) main.
	* This method will be automatically called by the Fiber
	* running engine and it is a simple wrapper for the task
	* that the coroutine is supposed to run.
	*/
	void main() override { this->task(caller); }

	void
	call()
	{
	caller.callerFiber = currentFiber();
	run();
	}

	private:
	/** Arguments for the coroutine */
	ArgChannel argsChannel;

	/** Coroutine task */
	std::function<void(CallerType&)> task;

	/** Coroutine caller */
	CallerType caller;
	};

	} //namespace m5

	#endif // __BASE_COROUTINE_HH__