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/*
* Copyright (c) 2012-2020 ARM Limited
* All rights reserved
*
* The license below extends only to copyright in the software and shall
* not be construed as granting a license to any other intellectual
* property including but not limited to intellectual property relating
* to a hardware implementation of the functionality of the software
* licensed hereunder. You may use the software subject to the license
* terms below provided that you ensure that this notice is replicated
* unmodified and in its entirety in all distributions of the software,
* modified or unmodified, in source code or in binary form.
*
* Copyright (c) 2013 Amin Farmahini-Farahani
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
* met: redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer;
* redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution;
* neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
* this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
* "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
* A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
* OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
* SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
* DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
* THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
* OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
/**
* @file
* MemInterface declaration
*/
#ifndef __MEM_INTERFACE_HH__
#define __MEM_INTERFACE_HH__
#include <deque>
#include <string>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>
#include "base/statistics.hh"
#include "enums/AddrMap.hh"
#include "enums/PageManage.hh"
#include "mem/abstract_mem.hh"
#include "mem/drampower.hh"
#include "mem/mem_ctrl.hh"
#include "params/DRAMInterface.hh"
#include "params/MemInterface.hh"
#include "params/NVMInterface.hh"
#include "sim/eventq.hh"
/**
* General interface to memory device
* Includes functions and parameters shared across media types
*/
class MemInterface : public AbstractMemory
{
protected:
/**
* A basic class to track the bank state, i.e. what row is
* currently open (if any), when is the bank free to accept a new
* column (read/write) command, when can it be precharged, and
* when can it be activated.
*
* The bank also keeps track of how many bytes have been accessed
* in the open row since it was opened.
*/
class Bank
{
public:
static const uint32_t NO_ROW = -1;
uint32_t openRow;
uint8_t bank;
uint8_t bankgr;
Tick rdAllowedAt;
Tick wrAllowedAt;
Tick preAllowedAt;
Tick actAllowedAt;
uint32_t rowAccesses;
uint32_t bytesAccessed;
Bank() :
openRow(NO_ROW), bank(0), bankgr(0),
rdAllowedAt(0), wrAllowedAt(0), preAllowedAt(0), actAllowedAt(0),
rowAccesses(0), bytesAccessed(0)
{ }
};
/**
* A pointer to the parent MemCtrl instance
*/
MemCtrl* ctrl;
/**
* Number of commands that can issue in the defined controller
* command window, used to verify command bandwidth
*/
unsigned int maxCommandsPerWindow;
/**
* Memory controller configuration initialized based on parameter
* values.
*/
Enums::AddrMap addrMapping;
/**
* General device and channel characteristics
* The rowsPerBank is determined based on the capacity, number of
* ranks and banks, the burst size, and the row buffer size.
*/
const uint32_t burstSize;
const uint32_t deviceSize;
const uint32_t deviceRowBufferSize;
const uint32_t devicesPerRank;
const uint32_t rowBufferSize;
const uint32_t burstsPerRowBuffer;
const uint32_t burstsPerStripe;
const uint32_t ranksPerChannel;
const uint32_t banksPerRank;
uint32_t rowsPerBank;
/**
* General timing requirements
*/
M5_CLASS_VAR_USED const Tick tCK;
const Tick tCS;
const Tick tBURST;
const Tick tRTW;
const Tick tWTR;
/*
* @return delay between write and read commands
*/
virtual Tick writeToReadDelay() const { return tBURST + tWTR; }
/*
* @return delay between write and read commands
*/
Tick readToWriteDelay() const { return tBURST + tRTW; }
/*
* @return delay between accesses to different ranks
*/
Tick rankToRankDelay() const { return tBURST + tCS; }
public:
/**
* Buffer sizes for read and write queues in the controller
* These are passed to the controller on instantiation
* Defining them here allows for buffers to be resized based
* on memory type / configuration.
*/
const uint32_t readBufferSize;
const uint32_t writeBufferSize;
/** Set a pointer to the controller and initialize
* interface based on controller parameters
* @param _ctrl pointer to the parent controller
* @param command_window size of command window used to
* check command bandwidth
*/
void setCtrl(MemCtrl* _ctrl, unsigned int command_window);
/**
* Get an address in a dense range which starts from 0. The input
* address is the physical address of the request in an address
* space that contains other SimObjects apart from this
* controller.
*
* @param addr The intput address which should be in the addrRange
* @return An address in the continues range [0, max)
*/
Addr getCtrlAddr(Addr addr) { return range.getOffset(addr); }
/**
* Setup the rank based on packet received
*
* @param integer value of rank to be setup. used to index ranks vector
* @param are we setting up rank for read or write packet?
*/
virtual void setupRank(const uint8_t rank, const bool is_read) = 0;
/**
* Check drain state of interface
*
* @return true if all ranks are drained and idle
*
*/
virtual bool allRanksDrained() const = 0;
/**
* For FR-FCFS policy, find first command that can issue
* Function will be overriden by interface to select based
* on media characteristics, used to determine when read
* or write can issue.
*
* @param queue Queued requests to consider
* @param min_col_at Minimum tick for 'seamless' issue
* @return an iterator to the selected packet, else queue.end()
* @return the tick when the packet selected will issue
*/
virtual std::pair<MemPacketQueue::iterator, Tick>
chooseNextFRFCFS(MemPacketQueue& queue, Tick min_col_at) const = 0;
/*
* Function to calulate unloaded latency
*/
virtual Tick accessLatency() const = 0;
/**
* @return number of bytes in a burst for this interface
*/
uint32_t bytesPerBurst() const { return burstSize; }
/*
* @return time to offset next command
*/
virtual Tick commandOffset() const = 0;
/**
* Check if a burst operation can be issued to the interface
*
* @param Return true if RD/WR can issue
*/
virtual bool burstReady(MemPacket* pkt) const = 0;
/**
* Determine the required delay for an access to a different rank
*
* @return required rank to rank delay
*/
Tick rankDelay() const { return tCS; }
/**
*
* @return minimum additional bus turnaround required for read-to-write
*/
Tick minReadToWriteDataGap() const { return std::min(tRTW, tCS); }
/**
*
* @return minimum additional bus turnaround required for write-to-read
*/
Tick minWriteToReadDataGap() const { return std::min(tWTR, tCS); }
/**
* Address decoder to figure out physical mapping onto ranks,
* banks, and rows. This function is called multiple times on the same
* system packet if the pakcet is larger than burst of the memory. The
* pkt_addr is used for the offset within the packet.
*
* @param pkt The packet from the outside world
* @param pkt_addr The starting address of the packet
* @param size The size of the packet in bytes
* @param is_read Is the request for a read or a write to memory
* @param is_dram Is the request to a DRAM interface
* @return A MemPacket pointer with the decoded information
*/
MemPacket* decodePacket(const PacketPtr pkt, Addr pkt_addr,
unsigned int size, bool is_read, bool is_dram);
/**
* Add rank to rank delay to bus timing to all banks in all ranks
* when access to an alternate interface is issued
*
* param cmd_at Time of current command used as starting point for
* addition of rank-to-rank delay
*/
virtual void addRankToRankDelay(Tick cmd_at) = 0;
typedef MemInterfaceParams Params;
MemInterface(const Params &_p);
};
/**
* Interface to DRAM devices with media specific parameters,
* statistics, and functions.
* The DRAMInterface includes a class for individual ranks
* and per rank functions.
*/
class DRAMInterface : public MemInterface
{
private:
/**
* Simple structure to hold the values needed to keep track of
* commands for DRAMPower
*/
struct Command
{
Data::MemCommand::cmds type;
uint8_t bank;
Tick timeStamp;
constexpr Command(Data::MemCommand::cmds _type, uint8_t _bank,
Tick time_stamp)
: type(_type), bank(_bank), timeStamp(time_stamp)
{ }
};
/**
* The power state captures the different operational states of
* the DRAM and interacts with the bus read/write state machine,
* and the refresh state machine.
*
* PWR_IDLE : The idle state in which all banks are closed
* From here can transition to: PWR_REF, PWR_ACT,
* PWR_PRE_PDN
*
* PWR_REF : Auto-refresh state. Will transition when refresh is
* complete based on power state prior to PWR_REF
* From here can transition to: PWR_IDLE, PWR_PRE_PDN,
* PWR_SREF
*
* PWR_SREF : Self-refresh state. Entered after refresh if
* previous state was PWR_PRE_PDN
* From here can transition to: PWR_IDLE
*
* PWR_PRE_PDN : Precharge power down state
* From here can transition to: PWR_REF, PWR_IDLE
*
* PWR_ACT : Activate state in which one or more banks are open
* From here can transition to: PWR_IDLE, PWR_ACT_PDN
*
* PWR_ACT_PDN : Activate power down state
* From here can transition to: PWR_ACT
*/
enum PowerState
{
PWR_IDLE = 0,
PWR_REF,
PWR_SREF,
PWR_PRE_PDN,
PWR_ACT,
PWR_ACT_PDN
};
/**
* The refresh state is used to control the progress of the
* refresh scheduling. When normal operation is in progress the
* refresh state is idle. Once tREFI has elasped, a refresh event
* is triggered to start the following STM transitions which are
* used to issue a refresh and return back to normal operation
*
* REF_IDLE : IDLE state used during normal operation
* From here can transition to: REF_DRAIN
*
* REF_SREF_EXIT : Exiting a self-refresh; refresh event scheduled
* after self-refresh exit completes
* From here can transition to: REF_DRAIN
*
* REF_DRAIN : Drain state in which on going accesses complete.
* From here can transition to: REF_PD_EXIT
*
* REF_PD_EXIT : Evaluate pwrState and issue wakeup if needed
* Next state dependent on whether banks are open
* From here can transition to: REF_PRE, REF_START
*
* REF_PRE : Close (precharge) all open banks
* From here can transition to: REF_START
*
* REF_START : Issue refresh command and update DRAMPower stats
* From here can transition to: REF_RUN
*
* REF_RUN : Refresh running, waiting for tRFC to expire
* From here can transition to: REF_IDLE, REF_SREF_EXIT
*/
enum RefreshState
{
REF_IDLE = 0,
REF_DRAIN,
REF_PD_EXIT,
REF_SREF_EXIT,
REF_PRE,
REF_START,
REF_RUN
};
class Rank;
struct RankStats : public Stats::Group
{
RankStats(DRAMInterface &dram, Rank &rank);
void regStats() override;
void resetStats() override;
void preDumpStats() override;
Rank &rank;
/*
* Command energies
*/
Stats::Scalar actEnergy;
Stats::Scalar preEnergy;
Stats::Scalar readEnergy;
Stats::Scalar writeEnergy;
Stats::Scalar refreshEnergy;
/*
* Active Background Energy
*/
Stats::Scalar actBackEnergy;
/*
* Precharge Background Energy
*/
Stats::Scalar preBackEnergy;
/*
* Active Power-Down Energy
*/
Stats::Scalar actPowerDownEnergy;
/*
* Precharge Power-Down Energy
*/
Stats::Scalar prePowerDownEnergy;
/*
* self Refresh Energy
*/
Stats::Scalar selfRefreshEnergy;
Stats::Scalar totalEnergy;
Stats::Scalar averagePower;
/**
* Stat to track total DRAM idle time
*
*/
Stats::Scalar totalIdleTime;
/**
* Track time spent in each power state.
*/
Stats::Vector pwrStateTime;
};
/**
* Rank class includes a vector of banks. Refresh and Power state
* machines are defined per rank. Events required to change the
* state of the refresh and power state machine are scheduled per
* rank. This class allows the implementation of rank-wise refresh
* and rank-wise power-down.
*/
class Rank : public EventManager
{
private:
/**
* A reference to the parent DRAMInterface instance
*/
DRAMInterface& dram;
/**
* Since we are taking decisions out of order, we need to keep
* track of what power transition is happening at what time
*/
PowerState pwrStateTrans;
/**
* Previous low-power state, which will be re-entered after refresh.
*/
PowerState pwrStatePostRefresh;
/**
* Track when we transitioned to the current power state
*/
Tick pwrStateTick;
/**
* Keep track of when a refresh is due.
*/
Tick refreshDueAt;
/**
* Function to update Power Stats
*/
void updatePowerStats();
/**
* Schedule a power state transition in the future, and
* potentially override an already scheduled transition.
*
* @param pwr_state Power state to transition to
* @param tick Tick when transition should take place
*/
void schedulePowerEvent(PowerState pwr_state, Tick tick);
public:
/**
* Current power state.
*/
PowerState pwrState;
/**
* current refresh state
*/
RefreshState refreshState;
/**
* rank is in or transitioning to power-down or self-refresh
*/
bool inLowPowerState;
/**
* Current Rank index
*/
uint8_t rank;
/**
* Track number of packets in read queue going to this rank
*/
uint32_t readEntries;
/**
* Track number of packets in write queue going to this rank
*/
uint32_t writeEntries;
/**
* Number of ACT, RD, and WR events currently scheduled
* Incremented when a refresh event is started as well
* Used to determine when a low-power state can be entered
*/
uint8_t outstandingEvents;
/**
* delay low-power exit until this requirement is met
*/
Tick wakeUpAllowedAt;
/**
* One DRAMPower instance per rank
*/
DRAMPower power;
/**
* List of commands issued, to be sent to DRAMPpower at refresh
* and stats dump. Keep commands here since commands to different
* banks are added out of order. Will only pass commands up to
* curTick() to DRAMPower after sorting.
*/
std::vector<Command> cmdList;
/**
* Vector of Banks. Each rank is made of several devices which in
* term are made from several banks.
*/
std::vector<Bank> banks;
/**
* To track number of banks which are currently active for
* this rank.
*/
unsigned int numBanksActive;
/** List to keep track of activate ticks */
std::deque<Tick> actTicks;
/**
* Track when we issued the last read/write burst
*/
Tick lastBurstTick;
Rank(const DRAMInterfaceParams &_p, int _rank,
DRAMInterface& _dram);
const std::string name() const { return csprintf("%d", rank); }
/**
* Kick off accounting for power and refresh states and
* schedule initial refresh.
*
* @param ref_tick Tick for first refresh
*/
void startup(Tick ref_tick);
/**
* Stop the refresh events.
*/
void suspend();
/**
* Check if there is no refresh and no preparation of refresh ongoing
* i.e. the refresh state machine is in idle
*
* @param Return true if the rank is idle from a refresh point of view
*/
bool inRefIdleState() const { return refreshState == REF_IDLE; }
/**
* Check if the current rank has all banks closed and is not
* in a low power state
*
* @param Return true if the rank is idle from a bank
* and power point of view
*/
bool inPwrIdleState() const { return pwrState == PWR_IDLE; }
/**
* Trigger a self-refresh exit if there are entries enqueued
* Exit if there are any read entries regardless of the bus state.
* If we are currently issuing write commands, exit if we have any
* write commands enqueued as well.
* Could expand this in the future to analyze state of entire queue
* if needed.
*
* @return boolean indicating self-refresh exit should be scheduled
*/
bool forceSelfRefreshExit() const;
/**
* Check if the command queue of current rank is idle
*
* @param Return true if the there are no commands in Q.
* Bus direction determines queue checked.
*/
bool isQueueEmpty() const;
/**
* Let the rank check if it was waiting for requests to drain
* to allow it to transition states.
*/
void checkDrainDone();
/**
* Push command out of cmdList queue that are scheduled at
* or before curTick() to DRAMPower library
* All commands before curTick are guaranteed to be complete
* and can safely be flushed.
*/
void flushCmdList();
/**
* Computes stats just prior to dump event
*/
void computeStats();
/**
* Reset stats on a stats event
*/
void resetStats();
/**
* Schedule a transition to power-down (sleep)
*
* @param pwr_state Power state to transition to
* @param tick Absolute tick when transition should take place
*/
void powerDownSleep(PowerState pwr_state, Tick tick);
/**
* schedule and event to wake-up from power-down or self-refresh
* and update bank timing parameters
*
* @param exit_delay Relative tick defining the delay required between
* low-power exit and the next command
*/
void scheduleWakeUpEvent(Tick exit_delay);
void processWriteDoneEvent();
EventFunctionWrapper writeDoneEvent;
void processActivateEvent();
EventFunctionWrapper activateEvent;
void processPrechargeEvent();
EventFunctionWrapper prechargeEvent;
void processRefreshEvent();
EventFunctionWrapper refreshEvent;
void processPowerEvent();
EventFunctionWrapper powerEvent;
void processWakeUpEvent();
EventFunctionWrapper wakeUpEvent;
protected:
RankStats stats;
};
/**
* Function for sorting Command structures based on timeStamp
*
* @param a Memory Command
* @param next Memory Command
* @return true if timeStamp of Command 1 < timeStamp of Command 2
*/
static bool
sortTime(const Command& cmd, const Command& cmd_next)
{
return cmd.timeStamp < cmd_next.timeStamp;
}
/**
* DRAM specific device characteristics
*/
const uint32_t bankGroupsPerRank;
const bool bankGroupArch;
/**
* DRAM specific timing requirements
*/
const Tick tCL;
const Tick tBURST_MIN;
const Tick tBURST_MAX;
const Tick tCCD_L_WR;
const Tick tCCD_L;
const Tick tRCD;
const Tick tRP;
const Tick tRAS;
const Tick tWR;
const Tick tRTP;
const Tick tRFC;
const Tick tREFI;
const Tick tRRD;
const Tick tRRD_L;
const Tick tPPD;
const Tick tAAD;
const Tick tXAW;
const Tick tXP;
const Tick tXS;
const Tick clkResyncDelay;
const bool dataClockSync;
const bool burstInterleave;
const uint8_t twoCycleActivate;
const uint32_t activationLimit;
const Tick wrToRdDlySameBG;
const Tick rdToWrDlySameBG;
Enums::PageManage pageMgmt;
/**
* Max column accesses (read and write) per row, before forefully
* closing it.
*/
const uint32_t maxAccessesPerRow;
// timestamp offset
uint64_t timeStampOffset;
// Holds the value of the DRAM rank of burst issued
uint8_t activeRank;
/** Enable or disable DRAM powerdown states. */
bool enableDRAMPowerdown;
/** The time when stats were last reset used to calculate average power */
Tick lastStatsResetTick;
/**
* Keep track of when row activations happen, in order to enforce
* the maximum number of activations in the activation window. The
* method updates the time that the banks become available based
* on the current limits.
*
* @param rank_ref Reference to the rank
* @param bank_ref Reference to the bank
* @param act_tick Time when the activation takes place
* @param row Index of the row
*/
void activateBank(Rank& rank_ref, Bank& bank_ref, Tick act_tick,
uint32_t row);
/**
* Precharge a given bank and also update when the precharge is
* done. This will also deal with any stats related to the
* accesses to the open page.
*
* @param rank_ref The rank to precharge
* @param bank_ref The bank to precharge
* @param pre_tick Time when the precharge takes place
* @param auto_or_preall Is this an auto-precharge or precharge all command
* @param trace Is this an auto precharge then do not add to trace
*/
void prechargeBank(Rank& rank_ref, Bank& bank_ref,
Tick pre_tick, bool auto_or_preall = false,
bool trace = true);
struct DRAMStats : public Stats::Group
{
DRAMStats(DRAMInterface &dram);
void regStats() override;
void resetStats() override;
DRAMInterface &dram;
/** total number of DRAM bursts serviced */
Stats::Scalar readBursts;
Stats::Scalar writeBursts;
/** DRAM per bank stats */
Stats::Vector perBankRdBursts;
Stats::Vector perBankWrBursts;
// Latencies summed over all requests
Stats::Scalar totQLat;
Stats::Scalar totBusLat;
Stats::Scalar totMemAccLat;
// Average latencies per request
Stats::Formula avgQLat;
Stats::Formula avgBusLat;
Stats::Formula avgMemAccLat;
// Row hit count and rate
Stats::Scalar readRowHits;
Stats::Scalar writeRowHits;
Stats::Formula readRowHitRate;
Stats::Formula writeRowHitRate;
Stats::Histogram bytesPerActivate;
// Number of bytes transferred to/from DRAM
Stats::Scalar bytesRead;
Stats::Scalar bytesWritten;
// Average bandwidth
Stats::Formula avgRdBW;
Stats::Formula avgWrBW;
Stats::Formula peakBW;
// bus utilization
Stats::Formula busUtil;
Stats::Formula busUtilRead;
Stats::Formula busUtilWrite;
Stats::Formula pageHitRate;
};
DRAMStats stats;
/**
* Vector of dram ranks
*/
std::vector<Rank*> ranks;
/*
* @return delay between write and read commands
*/
Tick writeToReadDelay() const override { return tBURST + tWTR + tCL; }
/**
* Find which are the earliest banks ready to issue an activate
* for the enqueued requests. Assumes maximum of 32 banks per rank
* Also checks if the bank is already prepped.
*
* @param queue Queued requests to consider
* @param min_col_at time of seamless burst command
* @return One-hot encoded mask of bank indices
* @return boolean indicating burst can issue seamlessly, with no gaps
*/
std::pair<std::vector<uint32_t>, bool>
minBankPrep(const MemPacketQueue& queue, Tick min_col_at) const;
/*
* @return time to send a burst of data without gaps
*/
Tick
burstDelay() const
{
return (burstInterleave ? tBURST_MAX / 2 : tBURST);
}
public:
/**
* Initialize the DRAM interface and verify parameters
*/
void init() override;
/**
* Iterate through dram ranks and instantiate per rank startup routine
*/
void startup() override;
/**
* Setup the rank based on packet received
*
* @param integer value of rank to be setup. used to index ranks vector
* @param are we setting up rank for read or write packet?
*/
void setupRank(const uint8_t rank, const bool is_read) override;
/**
* Iterate through dram ranks to exit self-refresh in order to drain
*/
void drainRanks();
/**
* Return true once refresh is complete for all ranks and there are no
* additional commands enqueued. (only evaluated when draining)
* This will ensure that all banks are closed, power state is IDLE, and
* power stats have been updated
*
* @return true if all ranks have refreshed, with no commands enqueued
*
*/
bool allRanksDrained() const override;
/**
* Iterate through DRAM ranks and suspend them
*/
void suspend();
/*
* @return time to offset next command
*/
Tick commandOffset() const override { return (tRP + tRCD); }
/*
* Function to calulate unloaded, closed bank access latency
*/
Tick accessLatency() const override { return (tRP + tRCD + tCL); }
/**
* For FR-FCFS policy, find first DRAM command that can issue
*
* @param queue Queued requests to consider
* @param min_col_at Minimum tick for 'seamless' issue
* @return an iterator to the selected packet, else queue.end()
* @return the tick when the packet selected will issue
*/
std::pair<MemPacketQueue::iterator, Tick>
chooseNextFRFCFS(MemPacketQueue& queue, Tick min_col_at) const override;
/**
* Actually do the burst - figure out the latency it
* will take to service the req based on bank state, channel state etc
* and then update those states to account for this request. Based
* on this, update the packet's "readyTime" and move it to the
* response q from where it will eventually go back to the outside
* world.
*
* @param mem_pkt The packet created from the outside world pkt
* @param next_burst_at Minimum bus timing requirement from controller
* @param queue Reference to the read or write queue with the packet
* @return pair, tick when current burst is issued and
* tick when next burst can issue
*/
std::pair<Tick, Tick>
doBurstAccess(MemPacket* mem_pkt, Tick next_burst_at,
const std::vector<MemPacketQueue>& queue);
/**
* Check if a burst operation can be issued to the DRAM
*
* @param Return true if RD/WR can issue
* This requires the DRAM to be in the
* REF IDLE state
*/
bool
burstReady(MemPacket* pkt) const override
{
return ranks[pkt->rank]->inRefIdleState();
}
/**
* This function checks if ranks are actively refreshing and
* therefore busy. The function also checks if ranks are in
* the self-refresh state, in which case, a self-refresh exit
* is initiated.
*
* return boolean if all ranks are in refresh and therefore busy
*/
bool isBusy();
/**
* Add rank to rank delay to bus timing to all DRAM banks in alli ranks
* when access to an alternate interface is issued
*
* param cmd_at Time of current command used as starting point for
* addition of rank-to-rank delay
*/
void addRankToRankDelay(Tick cmd_at) override;
/**
* Complete response process for DRAM when read burst is complete
* This will update the counters and check if a power down state
* can be entered.
*
* @param rank Specifies rank associated with read burst
*/
void respondEvent(uint8_t rank);
/**
* Check the refresh state to determine if refresh needs
* to be kicked back into action after a read response
*
* @param rank Specifies rank associated with read burst
*/
void checkRefreshState(uint8_t rank);
DRAMInterface(const DRAMInterfaceParams &_p);
};
/**
* Interface to NVM devices with media specific parameters,
* statistics, and functions.
* The NVMInterface includes a class for individual ranks
* and per rank functions.
*/
class NVMInterface : public MemInterface
{
private:
/**
* NVM rank class simply includes a vector of banks.
*/
class Rank : public EventManager
{
public:
/**
* Current Rank index
*/
uint8_t rank;
/**
* Vector of NVM banks. Each rank is made of several banks
* that can be accessed in parallel.
*/
std::vector<Bank> banks;
Rank(const NVMInterfaceParams &_p, int _rank,
NVMInterface& _nvm);
};
/**
* NVM specific device and channel characteristics
*/
const uint32_t maxPendingWrites;
const uint32_t maxPendingReads;
const bool twoCycleRdWr;
/**
* NVM specific timing requirements
*/
const Tick tREAD;
const Tick tWRITE;
const Tick tSEND;
struct NVMStats : public Stats::Group
{
NVMStats(NVMInterface &nvm);
void regStats() override;
NVMInterface &nvm;
/** NVM stats */
Stats::Scalar readBursts;
Stats::Scalar writeBursts;
Stats::Vector perBankRdBursts;
Stats::Vector perBankWrBursts;
// Latencies summed over all requests
Stats::Scalar totQLat;
Stats::Scalar totBusLat;
Stats::Scalar totMemAccLat;
// Average latencies per request
Stats::Formula avgQLat;
Stats::Formula avgBusLat;
Stats::Formula avgMemAccLat;
Stats::Scalar bytesRead;
Stats::Scalar bytesWritten;
// Average bandwidth
Stats::Formula avgRdBW;
Stats::Formula avgWrBW;
Stats::Formula peakBW;
Stats::Formula busUtil;
Stats::Formula busUtilRead;
Stats::Formula busUtilWrite;
/** NVM stats */
Stats::Histogram pendingReads;
Stats::Histogram pendingWrites;
Stats::Histogram bytesPerBank;
};
NVMStats stats;
void processWriteRespondEvent();
EventFunctionWrapper writeRespondEvent;
void processReadReadyEvent();
EventFunctionWrapper readReadyEvent;
/**
* Vector of nvm ranks
*/
std::vector<Rank*> ranks;
/**
* Holding queue for non-deterministic write commands, which
* maintains writes that have been issued but have not completed
* Stored seperately mostly to keep the code clean and help with
* events scheduling.
* This mimics a buffer on the media controller and therefore is
* not added to the main write queue for sizing
*/
std::list<Tick> writeRespQueue;
std::deque<Tick> readReadyQueue;
/**
* Check if the write response queue is empty
*
* @param Return true if empty
*/
bool writeRespQueueEmpty() const { return writeRespQueue.empty(); }
/**
* Till when must we wait before issuing next read command?
*/
Tick nextReadAt;
// keep track of reads that have issued for which data is either
// not yet ready or has not yet been transferred to the ctrl
uint16_t numPendingReads;
uint16_t numReadDataReady;
public:
// keep track of the number of reads that have yet to be issued
uint16_t numReadsToIssue;
// number of writes in the writeQueue for the NVM interface
uint32_t numWritesQueued;
/**
* Initialize the NVM interface and verify parameters
*/
void init() override;
/**
* Setup the rank based on packet received
*
* @param integer value of rank to be setup. used to index ranks vector
* @param are we setting up rank for read or write packet?
*/
void setupRank(const uint8_t rank, const bool is_read) override;
/**
* Check drain state of NVM interface
*
* @return true if write response queue is empty
*
*/
bool allRanksDrained() const override { return writeRespQueueEmpty(); }
/*
* @return time to offset next command
*/
Tick commandOffset() const override { return tBURST; }
/**
* Check if a burst operation can be issued to the NVM
*
* @param Return true if RD/WR can issue
* for reads, also verfy that ready count
* has been updated to a non-zero value to
* account for race conditions between events
*/
bool burstReady(MemPacket* pkt) const override;
/**
* This function checks if ranks are busy.
* This state is true when either:
* 1) There is no command with read data ready to transmit or
* 2) The NVM inteface has reached the maximum number of outstanding
* writes commands.
* @param read_queue_empty There are no read queued
* @param all_writes_nvm All writes in queue are for NVM interface
* @return true of NVM is busy
*
*/
bool isBusy(bool read_queue_empty, bool all_writes_nvm);
/**
* For FR-FCFS policy, find first NVM command that can issue
* default to first command to prepped region
*
* @param queue Queued requests to consider
* @param min_col_at Minimum tick for 'seamless' issue
* @return an iterator to the selected packet, else queue.end()
* @return the tick when the packet selected will issue
*/
std::pair<MemPacketQueue::iterator, Tick>
chooseNextFRFCFS(MemPacketQueue& queue, Tick min_col_at) const override;
/**
* Add rank to rank delay to bus timing to all NVM banks in alli ranks
* when access to an alternate interface is issued
*
* param cmd_at Time of current command used as starting point for
* addition of rank-to-rank delay
*/
void addRankToRankDelay(Tick cmd_at) override;
/**
* Select read command to issue asynchronously
*/
void chooseRead(MemPacketQueue& queue);
/*
* Function to calulate unloaded access latency
*/
Tick accessLatency() const override { return (tREAD + tSEND); }
/**
* Check if the write response queue has reached defined threshold
*
* @param Return true if full
*/
bool
writeRespQueueFull() const
{
return writeRespQueue.size() == maxPendingWrites;
}
bool
readsWaitingToIssue() const
{
return ((numReadsToIssue != 0) &&
(numPendingReads < maxPendingReads));
}
/**
* Actually do the burst and update stats.
*
* @param pkt The packet created from the outside world pkt
* @param next_burst_at Minimum bus timing requirement from controller
* @return pair, tick when current burst is issued and
* tick when next burst can issue
*/
std::pair<Tick, Tick>
doBurstAccess(MemPacket* pkt, Tick next_burst_at);
NVMInterface(const NVMInterfaceParams &_p);
};
#endif //__MEM_INTERFACE_HH__