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# Copyright (c) 2021 The Regents of the University of California.
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"""
Script to run GAPBS benchmarks with gem5. The script expects the
benchmark program and the simulation size to run. The input is in the format
<benchmark_prog> <size> <synthetic>
The system is fixed with 2 CPU cores, MESI Two Level system cache and 3 GB
DDR4 memory. It uses the x86 board.
This script will count the total number of instructions executed
in the ROI. It also tracks how much wallclock and simulated time.
Usage:
------
```
scons build/X86/gem5.opt
./build/X86/gem5.opt \
configs/example/gem5_library/x86-gabps-benchmarks.py \
--benchmark <benchmark_name> \
--synthetic <synthetic> \
--size <simulation_size/graph_name>
```
"""
import argparse
import time
import sys
import m5
from m5.objects import Root
from gem5.utils.requires import requires
from gem5.components.boards.x86_board import X86Board
from gem5.components.memory import DualChannelDDR4_2400
from gem5.components.processors.simple_switchable_processor import (
SimpleSwitchableProcessor,
)
from gem5.components.processors.cpu_types import CPUTypes
from gem5.isas import ISA
from gem5.coherence_protocol import CoherenceProtocol
from gem5.resources.resource import Resource
from m5.stats.gem5stats import get_simstat
requires(
isa_required=ISA.X86,
coherence_protocol_required=CoherenceProtocol.MESI_TWO_LEVEL,
kvm_required=True,
)
# Following are the list of benchmark programs for gapbs
benchmark_choices = ["cc", "bc", "tc", "pr", "bfs"]
synthetic_choices = ["0", "1"]
size_choices = ["1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "11", "12",
"13", "14", "15", "16", "USA-road-d.NY.gr"]
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
description="An example configuration script to run the gapbs benchmarks."
)
# The only positional argument accepted is the benchmark name in this script.
parser.add_argument(
"--benchmark",
type=str,
required=True,
help="Input the benchmark program to execute.",
choices=benchmark_choices,
)
parser.add_argument(
"--synthetic",
type=str,
required=True,
help="Synthetic Graph:: 1: synthetic graph is True; 0: real graph",
choices=synthetic_choices,
)
parser.add_argument(
"--size",
type=str,
required=True,
help="Graph Size:: If synthetic is True, then specify a size [1 .. 15]. \
Otherwise, specify a graph name [USA-road-d.NY.gr]",
choices=size_choices,
)
args = parser.parse_args()
# Setting up all the fixed system parameters here
# Caches: MESI Two Level Cache Hierarchy
from gem5.components.cachehierarchies.ruby.\
mesi_two_level_cache_hierarchy import(
MESITwoLevelCacheHierarchy,
)
cache_hierarchy = MESITwoLevelCacheHierarchy(
l1d_size="32kB",
l1d_assoc=8,
l1i_size="32kB",
l1i_assoc=8,
l2_size="256kB",
l2_assoc=16,
num_l2_banks=2,
)
# Memory: Dual Channel DDR4 2400 DRAM device.
# The X86 board only supports 3 GB of main memory.
memory = DualChannelDDR4_2400(size="3GB")
# Here we setup the processor. This is a special switchable processor in which
# a starting core type and a switch core type must be specified. Once a
# configuration is instantiated a user may call `processor.switch()` to switch
# from the starting core types to the switch core types. In this simulation
# we start with KVM cores to simulate the OS boot, then switch to the Timing
# cores for the command we wish to run after boot.
processor = SimpleSwitchableProcessor(
starting_core_type=CPUTypes.KVM,
switch_core_type=CPUTypes.TIMING,
num_cores=2,
)
# Here we setup the board. The X86Board allows for Full-System X86 simulations
board = X86Board(
clk_freq="3GHz",
processor=processor,
memory=memory,
cache_hierarchy=cache_hierarchy,
)
# Here we set the FS workload, i.e., gapbs benchmark program
# After simulation has ended you may inspect
# `m5out/system.pc.com_1.device` to the stdout, if any.
# After the system boots, we execute the benchmark program and wait till the
# ROI `workbegin` annotation is reached. We start collecting the number of
# committed instructions till ROI ends (marked by `workend`). We then finish
# executing the rest of the benchmark.
# GAPBS benchmarks can be run using a synthetic graph
if args.synthetic == "1":
if args.size == "USA-road-d.NY.gr":
print("fatal: cannot use a real graph with --synthetic 1",
file=sys.stderr)
exit(-1)
command = "./{} -g {}\n".format(args.benchmark, args.size)
else:
command = "./{} -sf ../{}".format(args.benchmark, args.size)
board.set_kernel_disk_workload(
# The x86 linux kernel will be automatically downloaded to the
# `~/.cache/gem5` directory if not already present.
# gapbs benchamarks was tested with kernel version 4.19.83
kernel=Resource(
"x86-linux-kernel-4.19.83",
),
# The x86-gapbs image will be automatically downloaded to the
# `~/.cache/gem5` directory if not already present.
disk_image=Resource(
"x86-gapbs",
),
readfile_contents=command,
)
root = Root(full_system=True, system=board)
# sim_quantum must be set when KVM cores are used.
root.sim_quantum = int(1e9)
m5.instantiate()
# We maintain the wall clock time.
globalStart = time.time()
print("Running the simulation")
print("Using KVM cpu")
# There are a few thihngs to note regarding the gapbs benchamrks. The first is
# that there are several ROI annotations in the code present in the disk image.
# These ROI begin and end calls are inside a loop. Therefore, we only simulate
# the first ROI annotation in details. The X86Board currently does not support
# `work items started count reached`.
exit_event = m5.simulate()
# The first exit_event ends with a `workbegin` cause. This means that the
# system started successfully and the execution on the program started. The
# ROI begin is encountered.
if exit_event.getCause() == "workbegin":
print("Done booting Linux")
print("Resetting stats at the start of ROI!")
m5.stats.reset()
start_tick = m5.curTick()
# We have completed up to this step using KVM cpu. Now we switch to timing
# cpu for detailed simulation.
processor.switch()
else:
print("Unexpected termination of simulation before ROI was reached!")
print(
"Exiting @ tick {} because {}.".format(
m5.curTick(),
exit_event.getCause()
)
)
exit(-1)
# The next exit_event is to simulate the ROI. It should be exited with a cause
# marked by `workend`. This implies that the first annotation is successfully
# completed.
exit_event = m5.simulate()
# Reached the end of first ROI.
# We dump the stats here.
# We exepect that ROI ends with `workend`. Otherwise the simulation ended
# unexpectedly.
if exit_event.getCause() == "workend":
print("Dump stats at the end of the ROI!")
m5.stats.dump()
end_tick = m5.curTick()
else:
print("Unexpected termination of simulation while ROI was being executed!")
print(
"Exiting @ tick {} because {}.".format(
m5.curTick(),
exit_event.getCause()
)
)
exit(-1)
# We get simInsts using get_simstat and output it in the final print statement.
gem5stats = get_simstat(root)
# We get the number of committed instructions from the timing cores. We then
# sum and print them at the end.
roi_insts = float(\
gem5stats.to_json()\
["system"]["processor"]["cores2"]["core"]["exec_context.thread_0"]\
["numInsts"]["value"]) + float(\
gem5stats.to_json()\
["system"]["processor"]["cores3"]["core"]["exec_context.thread_0"]\
["numInsts"]["value"]\
)
# Since we simulated the ROI in details, therefore, simulation is over at this
# point.
# Simulation is over at this point. We acknowledge that all the simulation
# events were successful.
print("All simulation events were successful.")
# We print the final simulation statistics.
print("Done with the simulation")
print()
print("Performance statistics:")
print("Simulated time in ROI: %.2fs" % ((end_tick - start_tick) / 1e12))
print("Instructions executed in ROI: %d" % ((roi_insts)))
print("Ran a total of", m5.curTick() / 1e12, "simulated seconds")
print(
"Total wallclock time: %.2fs, %.2f min"
% (time.time() - globalStart, (time.time() - globalStart) / 60)
)