src/arch/riscv/process.cc - public/gem5 - Git at Google

 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2004-2005 The Regents of The University of Michigan
  * Copyright (c) 2016 The University of Virginia
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
  * met: redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer;
  * redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution;
  * neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its
  * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
  * this software without specific prior written permission.
  *
  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
  * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
  * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
  * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
  * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
  * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
  * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  */

 #include "arch/riscv/process.hh"

 #include <algorithm>
 #include <cstddef>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <iterator>
 #include <map>
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>

 #include "arch/riscv/isa.hh"
 #include "arch/riscv/isa_traits.hh"
 #include "arch/riscv/registers.hh"
 #include "base/loader/elf_object.hh"
 #include "base/loader/object_file.hh"
 #include "base/logging.hh"
 #include "base/random.hh"
 #include "cpu/thread_context.hh"
 #include "debug/Stack.hh"
 #include "mem/page_table.hh"
 #include "params/Process.hh"
 #include "sim/aux_vector.hh"
 #include "sim/process.hh"
 #include "sim/process_impl.hh"
 #include "sim/syscall_return.hh"
 #include "sim/system.hh"

 using namespace std;
 using namespace RiscvISA;

 RiscvProcess::RiscvProcess(ProcessParams *params,
         ::Loader::ObjectFile *objFile) :
         Process(params,
                 new EmulationPageTable(params->name, params->pid, PageBytes),
                 objFile)
 {
     fatal_if(params->useArchPT, "Arch page tables not implemented.");
 }

 RiscvProcess64::RiscvProcess64(ProcessParams *params,
         ::Loader::ObjectFile *objFile) :
         RiscvProcess(params, objFile)
 {
     const Addr stack_base = 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFL;
     const Addr max_stack_size = 8 * 1024 * 1024;
     const Addr next_thread_stack_base = stack_base - max_stack_size;
     const Addr brk_point = roundUp(image.maxAddr(), PageBytes);
     const Addr mmap_end = 0x4000000000000000L;
     memState = make_shared<MemState>(this, brk_point, stack_base,
             max_stack_size, next_thread_stack_base, mmap_end);
 }

 RiscvProcess32::RiscvProcess32(ProcessParams *params,
         ::Loader::ObjectFile *objFile) :
         RiscvProcess(params, objFile)
 {
     const Addr stack_base = 0x7FFFFFFF;
     const Addr max_stack_size = 8 * 1024 * 1024;
     const Addr next_thread_stack_base = stack_base - max_stack_size;
     const Addr brk_point = roundUp(image.maxAddr(), PageBytes);
     const Addr mmap_end = 0x40000000L;
     memState = make_shared<MemState>(this, brk_point, stack_base,
             max_stack_size, next_thread_stack_base, mmap_end);
 }

 void
 RiscvProcess64::initState()
 {
     Process::initState();

     argsInit<uint64_t>(PageBytes);
     for (ContextID ctx: contextIds)
         system->threads[ctx]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_PRV, PRV_U);
 }

 void
 RiscvProcess32::initState()
 {
     Process::initState();

     argsInit<uint32_t>(PageBytes);
     for (ContextID ctx: contextIds) {
         auto *tc = system->threads[ctx];
         tc->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_PRV, PRV_U);
         PCState pc = tc->pcState();
         pc.rv32(true);
         tc->pcState(pc);
     }
 }

 template<class IntType> void
 RiscvProcess::argsInit(int pageSize)
 {
     const int RandomBytes = 16;
     const int addrSize = sizeof(IntType);

     auto *elfObject = dynamic_cast<::Loader::ElfObject*>(objFile);
     memState->setStackMin(memState->getStackBase());

     // Determine stack size and populate auxv
     Addr stack_top = memState->getStackMin();
     stack_top -= RandomBytes;
     for (const string& arg: argv)
         stack_top -= arg.size() + 1;
     for (const string& env: envp)
         stack_top -= env.size() + 1;
     stack_top &= -addrSize;

     vector<AuxVector<IntType>> auxv;
     if (elfObject != nullptr) {
         auxv.emplace_back(M5_AT_ENTRY, objFile->entryPoint());
         auxv.emplace_back(M5_AT_PHNUM, elfObject->programHeaderCount());
         auxv.emplace_back(M5_AT_PHENT, elfObject->programHeaderSize());
         auxv.emplace_back(M5_AT_PHDR, elfObject->programHeaderTable());
         auxv.emplace_back(M5_AT_PAGESZ, PageBytes);
         auxv.emplace_back(M5_AT_SECURE, 0);
         auxv.emplace_back(M5_AT_RANDOM, stack_top);
         auxv.emplace_back(M5_AT_NULL, 0);
     }
     stack_top -= (1 + argv.size()) * addrSize +
                    (1 + envp.size()) * addrSize +
                    addrSize + 2 * sizeof(IntType) * auxv.size();
     stack_top &= -2*addrSize;
     memState->setStackSize(memState->getStackBase() - stack_top);
     memState->mapRegion(roundDown(stack_top, pageSize),
                         roundUp(memState->getStackSize(), pageSize), "stack");

     // Copy random bytes (for AT_RANDOM) to stack
     memState->setStackMin(memState->getStackMin() - RandomBytes);
     uint8_t at_random[RandomBytes];
     generate(begin(at_random), end(at_random),
              [&]{ return random_mt.random(0, 0xFF); });
     initVirtMem->writeBlob(memState->getStackMin(), at_random, RandomBytes);

     // Copy argv to stack
     vector<Addr> argPointers;
     for (const string& arg: argv) {
         memState->setStackMin(memState->getStackMin() - (arg.size() + 1));
         initVirtMem->writeString(memState->getStackMin(), arg.c_str());
         argPointers.push_back(memState->getStackMin());
         if (DTRACE(Stack)) {
             string wrote;
             initVirtMem->readString(wrote, argPointers.back());
             DPRINTFN("Wrote arg \"%s\" to address %p\n",
                     wrote, (void*)memState->getStackMin());
         }
     }
     argPointers.push_back(0);

     // Copy envp to stack
     vector<Addr> envPointers;
     for (const string& env: envp) {
         memState->setStackMin(memState->getStackMin() - (env.size() + 1));
         initVirtMem->writeString(memState->getStackMin(), env.c_str());
         envPointers.push_back(memState->getStackMin());
         DPRINTF(Stack, "Wrote env \"%s\" to address %p\n",
                 env, (void*)memState->getStackMin());
     }
     envPointers.push_back(0);

     // Align stack
     memState->setStackMin(memState->getStackMin() & -addrSize);

     // Calculate bottom of stack
     memState->setStackMin(memState->getStackMin() -
             ((1 + argv.size()) * addrSize +
              (1 + envp.size()) * addrSize +
              addrSize + 2 * sizeof(IntType) * auxv.size()));
     memState->setStackMin(memState->getStackMin() & (-2 * addrSize));
     Addr sp = memState->getStackMin();
     const auto pushOntoStack =
         [this, &sp](IntType data) {
             initVirtMem->write(sp, data, GuestByteOrder);
             sp += sizeof(data);
         };

     // Push argc and argv pointers onto stack
     IntType argc = argv.size();
     DPRINTF(Stack, "Wrote argc %d to address %#x\n", argc, sp);
     pushOntoStack(argc);

     for (const Addr& argPointer: argPointers) {
         DPRINTF(Stack, "Wrote argv pointer %#x to address %#x\n",
                 argPointer, sp);
         pushOntoStack(argPointer);
     }

     // Push env pointers onto stack
     for (const Addr& envPointer: envPointers) {
         DPRINTF(Stack, "Wrote envp pointer %#x to address %#x\n",
                 envPointer, sp);
         pushOntoStack(envPointer);
     }

     // Push aux vector onto stack
     std::map<IntType, string> aux_keys = {
         {M5_AT_ENTRY, "M5_AT_ENTRY"},
         {M5_AT_PHNUM, "M5_AT_PHNUM"},
         {M5_AT_PHENT, "M5_AT_PHENT"},
         {M5_AT_PHDR, "M5_AT_PHDR"},
         {M5_AT_PAGESZ, "M5_AT_PAGESZ"},
         {M5_AT_SECURE, "M5_AT_SECURE"},
         {M5_AT_RANDOM, "M5_AT_RANDOM"},
         {M5_AT_NULL, "M5_AT_NULL"}
     };
     for (const auto &aux: auxv) {
         DPRINTF(Stack, "Wrote aux key %s to address %#x\n",
                 aux_keys[aux.type], sp);
         pushOntoStack(aux.type);
         DPRINTF(Stack, "Wrote aux value %x to address %#x\n", aux.val, sp);
         pushOntoStack(aux.val);
     }

     ThreadContext *tc = system->threads[contextIds[0]];
     tc->setIntReg(StackPointerReg, memState->getStackMin());
     tc->pcState(getStartPC());

     memState->setStackMin(roundDown(memState->getStackMin(), pageSize));
 }

 const std::vector<int> RiscvProcess::SyscallABI::ArgumentRegs = {
     10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16
 };
	/*
	* Copyright (c) 2004-2005 The Regents of The University of Michigan
	* Copyright (c) 2016 The University of Virginia
	* All rights reserved.
	*
	* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
	* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
	* met: redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
	* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer;
	* redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
	* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
	* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution;
	* neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its
	* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
	* this software without specific prior written permission.
	*
	* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
	* "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
	* LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
	* A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
	* OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
	* SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
	* LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
	* DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
	* THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
	* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
	* OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
	*/

	#include "arch/riscv/process.hh"

	#include <algorithm>
	#include <cstddef>
	#include <iostream>
	#include <iterator>
	#include <map>
	#include <string>
	#include <vector>

	#include "arch/riscv/isa.hh"
	#include "arch/riscv/isa_traits.hh"
	#include "arch/riscv/registers.hh"
	#include "base/loader/elf_object.hh"
	#include "base/loader/object_file.hh"
	#include "base/logging.hh"
	#include "base/random.hh"
	#include "cpu/thread_context.hh"
	#include "debug/Stack.hh"
	#include "mem/page_table.hh"
	#include "params/Process.hh"
	#include "sim/aux_vector.hh"
	#include "sim/process.hh"
	#include "sim/process_impl.hh"
	#include "sim/syscall_return.hh"
	#include "sim/system.hh"

	using namespace std;
	using namespace RiscvISA;

	RiscvProcess::RiscvProcess(ProcessParams *params,
	::Loader::ObjectFile *objFile) :
	Process(params,
	new EmulationPageTable(params->name, params->pid, PageBytes),
	objFile)
	{
	fatal_if(params->useArchPT, "Arch page tables not implemented.");
	}

	RiscvProcess64::RiscvProcess64(ProcessParams *params,
	::Loader::ObjectFile *objFile) :
	RiscvProcess(params, objFile)
	{
	const Addr stack_base = 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFL;
	const Addr max_stack_size = 8 * 1024 * 1024;
	const Addr next_thread_stack_base = stack_base - max_stack_size;
	const Addr brk_point = roundUp(image.maxAddr(), PageBytes);
	const Addr mmap_end = 0x4000000000000000L;
	memState = make_shared<MemState>(this, brk_point, stack_base,
	max_stack_size, next_thread_stack_base, mmap_end);
	}

	RiscvProcess32::RiscvProcess32(ProcessParams *params,
	::Loader::ObjectFile *objFile) :
	RiscvProcess(params, objFile)
	{
	const Addr stack_base = 0x7FFFFFFF;
	const Addr max_stack_size = 8 * 1024 * 1024;
	const Addr next_thread_stack_base = stack_base - max_stack_size;
	const Addr brk_point = roundUp(image.maxAddr(), PageBytes);
	const Addr mmap_end = 0x40000000L;
	memState = make_shared<MemState>(this, brk_point, stack_base,
	max_stack_size, next_thread_stack_base, mmap_end);
	}

	void
	RiscvProcess64::initState()
	{
	Process::initState();

	argsInit<uint64_t>(PageBytes);
	for (ContextID ctx: contextIds)
	system->threads[ctx]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_PRV, PRV_U);
	}

	void
	RiscvProcess32::initState()
	{
	Process::initState();

	argsInit<uint32_t>(PageBytes);
	for (ContextID ctx: contextIds) {
	auto *tc = system->threads[ctx];
	tc->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_PRV, PRV_U);
	PCState pc = tc->pcState();
	pc.rv32(true);
	tc->pcState(pc);
	}
	}

	template<class IntType> void
	RiscvProcess::argsInit(int pageSize)
	{
	const int RandomBytes = 16;
	const int addrSize = sizeof(IntType);

	auto elfObject = dynamic_cast<::Loader::ElfObject>(objFile);
	memState->setStackMin(memState->getStackBase());

	// Determine stack size and populate auxv
	Addr stack_top = memState->getStackMin();
	stack_top -= RandomBytes;
	for (const string& arg: argv)
	stack_top -= arg.size() + 1;
	for (const string& env: envp)
	stack_top -= env.size() + 1;
	stack_top &= -addrSize;

	vector<AuxVector<IntType>> auxv;
	if (elfObject != nullptr) {
	auxv.emplace_back(M5_AT_ENTRY, objFile->entryPoint());
	auxv.emplace_back(M5_AT_PHNUM, elfObject->programHeaderCount());
	auxv.emplace_back(M5_AT_PHENT, elfObject->programHeaderSize());
	auxv.emplace_back(M5_AT_PHDR, elfObject->programHeaderTable());
	auxv.emplace_back(M5_AT_PAGESZ, PageBytes);
	auxv.emplace_back(M5_AT_SECURE, 0);
	auxv.emplace_back(M5_AT_RANDOM, stack_top);
	auxv.emplace_back(M5_AT_NULL, 0);
	}
	stack_top -= (1 + argv.size()) * addrSize +
	(1 + envp.size()) * addrSize +
	addrSize + 2 * sizeof(IntType) * auxv.size();
	stack_top &= -2*addrSize;
	memState->setStackSize(memState->getStackBase() - stack_top);
	memState->mapRegion(roundDown(stack_top, pageSize),
	roundUp(memState->getStackSize(), pageSize), "stack");

	// Copy random bytes (for AT_RANDOM) to stack
	memState->setStackMin(memState->getStackMin() - RandomBytes);
	uint8_t at_random[RandomBytes];
	generate(begin(at_random), end(at_random),
	[&]{ return random_mt.random(0, 0xFF); });
	initVirtMem->writeBlob(memState->getStackMin(), at_random, RandomBytes);

	// Copy argv to stack
	vector<Addr> argPointers;
	for (const string& arg: argv) {
	memState->setStackMin(memState->getStackMin() - (arg.size() + 1));
	initVirtMem->writeString(memState->getStackMin(), arg.c_str());
	argPointers.push_back(memState->getStackMin());
	if (DTRACE(Stack)) {
	string wrote;
	initVirtMem->readString(wrote, argPointers.back());
	DPRINTFN("Wrote arg \"%s\" to address %p\n",
	wrote, (void*)memState->getStackMin());
	}
	}
	argPointers.push_back(0);

	// Copy envp to stack
	vector<Addr> envPointers;
	for (const string& env: envp) {
	memState->setStackMin(memState->getStackMin() - (env.size() + 1));
	initVirtMem->writeString(memState->getStackMin(), env.c_str());
	envPointers.push_back(memState->getStackMin());
	DPRINTF(Stack, "Wrote env \"%s\" to address %p\n",
	env, (void*)memState->getStackMin());
	}
	envPointers.push_back(0);

	// Align stack
	memState->setStackMin(memState->getStackMin() & -addrSize);

	// Calculate bottom of stack
	memState->setStackMin(memState->getStackMin() -
	((1 + argv.size()) * addrSize +
	(1 + envp.size()) * addrSize +
	addrSize + 2 * sizeof(IntType) * auxv.size()));
	memState->setStackMin(memState->getStackMin() & (-2 * addrSize));
	Addr sp = memState->getStackMin();
	const auto pushOntoStack =
	[this, &sp](IntType data) {
	initVirtMem->write(sp, data, GuestByteOrder);
	sp += sizeof(data);
	};

	// Push argc and argv pointers onto stack
	IntType argc = argv.size();
	DPRINTF(Stack, "Wrote argc %d to address %#x\n", argc, sp);
	pushOntoStack(argc);

	for (const Addr& argPointer: argPointers) {
	DPRINTF(Stack, "Wrote argv pointer %#x to address %#x\n",
	argPointer, sp);
	pushOntoStack(argPointer);
	}

	// Push env pointers onto stack
	for (const Addr& envPointer: envPointers) {
	DPRINTF(Stack, "Wrote envp pointer %#x to address %#x\n",
	envPointer, sp);
	pushOntoStack(envPointer);
	}

	// Push aux vector onto stack
	std::map<IntType, string> aux_keys = {
	{M5_AT_ENTRY, "M5_AT_ENTRY"},
	{M5_AT_PHNUM, "M5_AT_PHNUM"},
	{M5_AT_PHENT, "M5_AT_PHENT"},
	{M5_AT_PHDR, "M5_AT_PHDR"},
	{M5_AT_PAGESZ, "M5_AT_PAGESZ"},
	{M5_AT_SECURE, "M5_AT_SECURE"},
	{M5_AT_RANDOM, "M5_AT_RANDOM"},
	{M5_AT_NULL, "M5_AT_NULL"}
	};
	for (const auto &aux: auxv) {
	DPRINTF(Stack, "Wrote aux key %s to address %#x\n",
	aux_keys[aux.type], sp);
	pushOntoStack(aux.type);
	DPRINTF(Stack, "Wrote aux value %x to address %#x\n", aux.val, sp);
	pushOntoStack(aux.val);
	}

	ThreadContext *tc = system->threads[contextIds[0]];
	tc->setIntReg(StackPointerReg, memState->getStackMin());
	tc->pcState(getStartPC());

	memState->setStackMin(roundDown(memState->getStackMin(), pageSize));
	}

	const std::vector<int> RiscvProcess::SyscallABI::ArgumentRegs = {
	10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16
	};