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 <h2><span class="refentrytitle"><a name="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.top_of_page"></a>Miscellaneous Utility Functions</span></h2>
 <p>Miscellaneous Utility Functions — a selection of portable utility functions</p>
 </td>
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 </tr></table></div>
 <div class="refsynopsisdiv" title="Synopsis">
 <a name="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.synopsis"></a><h2>Synopsis</h2>
 <pre class="synopsis">
 #include &lt;glib.h&gt;

 const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-get-application-name" title="g_get_application_name ()">g_get_application_name</a>              (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);
 <span class="returnvalue">void</span>                <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-set-application-name" title="g_set_application_name ()">g_set_application_name</a>              (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *application_name</code></em>);
 <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*              <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-get-prgname" title="g_get_prgname ()">g_get_prgname</a>                       (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);
 <span class="returnvalue">void</span>                <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-set-prgname" title="g_set_prgname ()">g_set_prgname</a>                       (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *prgname</code></em>);
 const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-getenv" title="g_getenv ()">g_getenv</a>                            (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *variable</code></em>);
 <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gboolean" title="gboolean"><span class="returnvalue">gboolean</span></a>            <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-setenv" title="g_setenv ()">g_setenv</a>                            (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *variable</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *value</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gboolean" title="gboolean"><span class="type">gboolean</span></a> overwrite</code></em>);
 <span class="returnvalue">void</span>                <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-unsetenv" title="g_unsetenv ()">g_unsetenv</a>                          (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *variable</code></em>);
 <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>**             <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-listenv" title="g_listenv ()">g_listenv</a>                           (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);
 const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-get-user-name" title="g_get_user_name ()">g_get_user_name</a>                     (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);
 const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-get-real-name" title="g_get_real_name ()">g_get_real_name</a>                     (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);
 const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-get-user-cache-dir" title="g_get_user_cache_dir ()">g_get_user_cache_dir</a>                (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);
 const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-get-user-data-dir" title="g_get_user_data_dir ()">g_get_user_data_dir</a>                 (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);
 const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-get-user-config-dir" title="g_get_user_config_dir ()">g_get_user_config_dir</a>               (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);
 enum                <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#GUserDirectory" title="enum GUserDirectory">GUserDirectory</a>;
 const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-get-user-special-dir" title="g_get_user_special_dir ()">g_get_user_special_dir</a>              (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#GUserDirectory" title="enum GUserDirectory"><span class="type">GUserDirectory</span></a> directory</code></em>);
 const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>* const * <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-get-system-data-dirs" title="g_get_system_data_dirs ()">g_get_system_data_dirs</a>             (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);
 const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>* const * <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-get-system-config-dirs" title="g_get_system_config_dirs ()">g_get_system_config_dirs</a>           (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);
 <span class="returnvalue">void</span>                <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-reload-user-special-dirs-cache" title="g_reload_user_special_dirs_cache ()">g_reload_user_special_dirs_cache</a>    (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);

 const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-get-host-name" title="g_get_host_name ()">g_get_host_name</a>                     (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);
 const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-get-home-dir" title="g_get_home_dir ()">g_get_home_dir</a>                      (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);
 const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-get-tmp-dir" title="g_get_tmp_dir ()">g_get_tmp_dir</a>                       (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);
 <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*              <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-get-current-dir" title="g_get_current_dir ()">g_get_current_dir</a>                   (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);
 const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-basename" title="g_basename ()">g_basename</a>                          (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *file_name</code></em>);
 #define             <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-dirname" title="g_dirname">g_dirname</a>
 <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gboolean" title="gboolean"><span class="returnvalue">gboolean</span></a>            <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-path-is-absolute" title="g_path_is_absolute ()">g_path_is_absolute</a>                  (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *file_name</code></em>);
 const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-path-skip-root" title="g_path_skip_root ()">g_path_skip_root</a>                    (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *file_name</code></em>);
 <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*              <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-path-get-basename" title="g_path_get_basename ()">g_path_get_basename</a>                 (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *file_name</code></em>);
 <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*              <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-path-get-dirname" title="g_path_get_dirname ()">g_path_get_dirname</a>                  (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *file_name</code></em>);
 <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a> *             <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-build-filename" title="g_build_filename ()">g_build_filename</a>                    (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *first_element</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code>...</code></em>);
 <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a> *             <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-build-filenamev" title="g_build_filenamev ()">g_build_filenamev</a>                   (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> **args</code></em>);
 <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a> *             <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-build-path" title="g_build_path ()">g_build_path</a>                        (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *separator</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *first_element</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code>...</code></em>);
 <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a> *             <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-build-pathv" title="g_build_pathv ()">g_build_pathv</a>                       (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *separator</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> **args</code></em>);
 <span class="returnvalue">char</span> *              <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-format-size-for-display" title="g_format_size_for_display ()">g_format_size_for_display</a>           (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#goffset" title="goffset"><span class="type">goffset</span></a> size</code></em>);

 <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*              <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-find-program-in-path" title="g_find_program_in_path ()">g_find_program_in_path</a>              (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *program</code></em>);

 <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gint" title="gint"><span class="returnvalue">gint</span></a>                <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-bit-nth-lsf" title="g_bit_nth_lsf ()">g_bit_nth_lsf</a>                       (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gulong" title="gulong"><span class="type">gulong</span></a> mask</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gint" title="gint"><span class="type">gint</span></a> nth_bit</code></em>);
 <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gint" title="gint"><span class="returnvalue">gint</span></a>                <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-bit-nth-msf" title="g_bit_nth_msf ()">g_bit_nth_msf</a>                       (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gulong" title="gulong"><span class="type">gulong</span></a> mask</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gint" title="gint"><span class="type">gint</span></a> nth_bit</code></em>);
 <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint" title="guint"><span class="returnvalue">guint</span></a>               <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-bit-storage" title="g_bit_storage ()">g_bit_storage</a>                       (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gulong" title="gulong"><span class="type">gulong</span></a> number</code></em>);

 <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint" title="guint"><span class="returnvalue">guint</span></a>               <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-spaced-primes-closest" title="g_spaced_primes_closest ()">g_spaced_primes_closest</a>             (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint" title="guint"><span class="type">guint</span></a> num</code></em>);

 <span class="returnvalue">void</span>                <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-atexit" title="g_atexit ()">g_atexit</a>                            (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#GVoidFunc" title="GVoidFunc ()"><span class="type">GVoidFunc</span></a> func</code></em>);

 <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint" title="guint"><span class="returnvalue">guint</span></a>               <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-parse-debug-string" title="g_parse_debug_string ()">g_parse_debug_string</a>                (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *string</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#GDebugKey" title="GDebugKey"><span class="type">GDebugKey</span></a> *keys</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint" title="guint"><span class="type">guint</span></a> nkeys</code></em>);
                     <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#GDebugKey" title="GDebugKey">GDebugKey</a>;

 <span class="returnvalue">void</span>                (<a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#GVoidFunc" title="GVoidFunc ()">*GVoidFunc</a>)                        (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);
 <span class="returnvalue">void</span>                (<a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#GFreeFunc" title="GFreeFunc ()">*GFreeFunc</a>)                        (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gpointer" title="gpointer"><span class="type">gpointer</span></a> data</code></em>);

 <span class="returnvalue">void</span>                <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-qsort-with-data" title="g_qsort_with_data ()">g_qsort_with_data</a>                   (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gconstpointer" title="gconstpointer"><span class="type">gconstpointer</span></a> pbase</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gint" title="gint"><span class="type">gint</span></a> total_elems</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gsize" title="gsize"><span class="type">gsize</span></a> size</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Doubly-Linked-Lists.html#GCompareDataFunc" title="GCompareDataFunc ()"><span class="type">GCompareDataFunc</span></a> compare_func</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gpointer" title="gpointer"><span class="type">gpointer</span></a> user_data</code></em>);

 <span class="returnvalue">void</span>                <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-nullify-pointer" title="g_nullify_pointer ()">g_nullify_pointer</a>                   (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gpointer" title="gpointer"><span class="type">gpointer</span></a> *nullify_location</code></em>);
 </pre>
 </div>
 <div class="refsect1" title="Description">
 <a name="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.description"></a><h2>Description</h2>
 <p>
 These are portable utility functions.
 </p>
 </div>
 <div class="refsect1" title="Details">
 <a name="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.details"></a><h2>Details</h2>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_get_application_name ()">
 <a name="g-get-application-name"></a><h3>g_get_application_name ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting">const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        g_get_application_name              (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Gets a human-readable name for the application, as set by
 <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-set-application-name" title="g_set_application_name ()"><code class="function">g_set_application_name()</code></a>. This name should be localized if
 possible, and is intended for display to the user.  Contrast with
 <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-get-prgname" title="g_get_prgname ()"><code class="function">g_get_prgname()</code></a>, which gets a non-localized name. If
 <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-set-application-name" title="g_set_application_name ()"><code class="function">g_set_application_name()</code></a> has not been called, returns the result of
 <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-get-prgname" title="g_get_prgname ()"><code class="function">g_get_prgname()</code></a> (which may be <a class="link" href="glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS" title="NULL"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a> if <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-set-prgname" title="g_set_prgname ()"><code class="function">g_set_prgname()</code></a> has also not
 been called).
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody><tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> human-readable application name. may return <a class="link" href="glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS" title="NULL"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a>

 </td>
 </tr></tbody>
 </table></div>
 <p class="since">Since 2.2</p>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_set_application_name ()">
 <a name="g-set-application-name"></a><h3>g_set_application_name ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span>                g_set_application_name              (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *application_name</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Sets a human-readable name for the application. This name should be
 localized if possible, and is intended for display to the user.
 Contrast with <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-set-prgname" title="g_set_prgname ()"><code class="function">g_set_prgname()</code></a>, which sets a non-localized name.
 <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-set-prgname" title="g_set_prgname ()"><code class="function">g_set_prgname()</code></a> will be called automatically by <a href="http://library.gnome.org/devel/gtk/unstable/gtk-General.html#gtk-init"><code class="function">gtk_init()</code></a>,
 but <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-set-application-name" title="g_set_application_name ()"><code class="function">g_set_application_name()</code></a> will not.
 </p>
 <p>
 Note that for thread safety reasons, this function can only
 be called once.
 </p>
 <p>
 The application name will be used in contexts such as error messages,
 or when displaying an application's name in the task list.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody><tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>application_name</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>localized name of the application
 </td>
 </tr></tbody>
 </table></div>
 <p class="since">Since 2.2</p>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_get_prgname ()">
 <a name="g-get-prgname"></a><h3>g_get_prgname ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*              g_get_prgname                       (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Gets the name of the program. This name should <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span>
 be localized, contrast with <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-get-application-name" title="g_get_application_name ()"><code class="function">g_get_application_name()</code></a>.
 (If you are using GDK or GTK+ the program name is set in <a href="http://library.gnome.org/devel/gdk/unstable/gdk-General.html#gdk-init"><code class="function">gdk_init()</code></a>,
 which is called by <a href="http://library.gnome.org/devel/gtk/unstable/gtk-General.html#gtk-init"><code class="function">gtk_init()</code></a>. The program name is found by taking
 the last component of <code class="literal">argv[0]</code>.)
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody><tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> the name of the program. The returned string belongs
 to GLib and must not be modified or freed.
 </td>
 </tr></tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_set_prgname ()">
 <a name="g-set-prgname"></a><h3>g_set_prgname ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span>                g_set_prgname                       (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *prgname</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Sets the name of the program. This name should <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span>
 be localized, contrast with <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-set-application-name" title="g_set_application_name ()"><code class="function">g_set_application_name()</code></a>. Note that for
 thread-safety reasons this function can only be called once.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody><tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>prgname</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>the name of the program.
 </td>
 </tr></tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_getenv ()">
 <a name="g-getenv"></a><h3>g_getenv ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting">const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        g_getenv                            (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *variable</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Returns the value of an environment variable. The name and value
 are in the GLib file name encoding. On UNIX, this means the actual
 bytes which might or might not be in some consistent character set
 and encoding. On Windows, it is in UTF-8. On Windows, in case the
 environment variable's value contains references to other
 environment variables, they are expanded.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>variable</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>the environment variable to get, in the GLib file name encoding.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> the value of the environment variable, or <a class="link" href="glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS" title="NULL"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a> if
 the environment variable is not found. The returned string may be
 overwritten by the next call to <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-getenv" title="g_getenv ()"><code class="function">g_getenv()</code></a>, <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-setenv" title="g_setenv ()"><code class="function">g_setenv()</code></a> or
 <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-unsetenv" title="g_unsetenv ()"><code class="function">g_unsetenv()</code></a>.
 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_setenv ()">
 <a name="g-setenv"></a><h3>g_setenv ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gboolean" title="gboolean"><span class="returnvalue">gboolean</span></a>            g_setenv                            (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *variable</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *value</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gboolean" title="gboolean"><span class="type">gboolean</span></a> overwrite</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Sets an environment variable. Both the variable's name and value
 should be in the GLib file name encoding. On UNIX, this means that
 they can be any sequence of bytes. On Windows, they should be in
 UTF-8.
 </p>
 <p>
 Note that on some systems, when variables are overwritten, the memory
 used for the previous variables and its value isn't reclaimed.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>variable</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>the environment variable to set, must not contain '='.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>value</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>the value for to set the variable to.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>overwrite</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>whether to change the variable if it already exists.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> <a class="link" href="glib-Standard-Macros.html#FALSE:CAPS" title="FALSE"><code class="literal">FALSE</code></a> if the environment variable couldn't be set.

 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table></div>
 <p class="since">Since 2.4</p>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_unsetenv ()">
 <a name="g-unsetenv"></a><h3>g_unsetenv ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span>                g_unsetenv                          (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *variable</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Removes an environment variable from the environment.
 </p>
 <p>
 Note that on some systems, when variables are overwritten, the memory
 used for the previous variables and its value isn't reclaimed.
 Furthermore, this function can't be guaranteed to operate in a
 threadsafe way.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody><tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>variable</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>the environment variable to remove, must not contain '='.
 </td>
 </tr></tbody>
 </table></div>
 <p class="since">Since 2.4</p>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_listenv ()">
 <a name="g-listenv"></a><h3>g_listenv ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>**             g_listenv                           (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Gets the names of all variables set in the environment.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody><tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> a <a class="link" href="glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS" title="NULL"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a>-terminated list of strings which must be freed
 with <a class="link" href="glib-String-Utility-Functions.html#g-strfreev" title="g_strfreev ()"><code class="function">g_strfreev()</code></a>.

 Programs that want to be portable to Windows should typically use
 this function and <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-getenv" title="g_getenv ()"><code class="function">g_getenv()</code></a> instead of using the environ array
 from the C library directly. On Windows, the strings in the environ
 array are in system codepage encoding, while in most of the typical
 use cases for environment variables in GLib-using programs you want
 the UTF-8 encoding that this function and <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-getenv" title="g_getenv ()"><code class="function">g_getenv()</code></a> provide.

 </td>
 </tr></tbody>
 </table></div>
 <p class="since">Since 2.8</p>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_get_user_name ()">
 <a name="g-get-user-name"></a><h3>g_get_user_name ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting">const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        g_get_user_name                     (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Gets the user name of the current user. The encoding of the returned
 string is system-defined. On UNIX, it might be the preferred file name
 encoding, or something else, and there is no guarantee that it is even
 consistent on a machine. On Windows, it is always UTF-8.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody><tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> the user name of the current user.
 </td>
 </tr></tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_get_real_name ()">
 <a name="g-get-real-name"></a><h3>g_get_real_name ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting">const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        g_get_real_name                     (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Gets the real name of the user. This usually comes from the user's entry
 in the <code class="filename">passwd</code> file. The encoding of the returned
 string is system-defined. (On Windows, it is, however, always UTF-8.)
 If the real user name cannot be determined, the string "Unknown" is
 returned.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody><tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> the user's real name.
 </td>
 </tr></tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_get_user_cache_dir ()">
 <a name="g-get-user-cache-dir"></a><h3>g_get_user_cache_dir ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting">const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        g_get_user_cache_dir                (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Returns a base directory in which to store non-essential, cached
 data specific to particular user.
 </p>
 <p>
 On UNIX platforms this is determined using the mechanisms described in
 the <a class="ulink" href="http://www.freedesktop.org/Standards/basedir-spec" target="_top">
 XDG Base Directory Specification</a>
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody><tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> a string owned by GLib that must not be modified
               or freed.
 </td>
 </tr></tbody>
 </table></div>
 <p class="since">Since 2.6</p>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_get_user_data_dir ()">
 <a name="g-get-user-data-dir"></a><h3>g_get_user_data_dir ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting">const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        g_get_user_data_dir                 (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Returns a base directory in which to access application data such
 as icons that is customized for a particular user.
 </p>
 <p>
 On UNIX platforms this is determined using the mechanisms described in
 the <a class="ulink" href="http://www.freedesktop.org/Standards/basedir-spec" target="_top">
 XDG Base Directory Specification</a>
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody><tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> a string owned by GLib that must not be modified
               or freed.
 </td>
 </tr></tbody>
 </table></div>
 <p class="since">Since 2.6</p>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_get_user_config_dir ()">
 <a name="g-get-user-config-dir"></a><h3>g_get_user_config_dir ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting">const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        g_get_user_config_dir               (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Returns a base directory in which to store user-specific application
 configuration information such as user preferences and settings.
 </p>
 <p>
 On UNIX platforms this is determined using the mechanisms described in
 the <a class="ulink" href="http://www.freedesktop.org/Standards/basedir-spec" target="_top">
 XDG Base Directory Specification</a>
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody><tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> a string owned by GLib that must not be modified
               or freed.
 </td>
 </tr></tbody>
 </table></div>
 <p class="since">Since 2.6</p>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="enum GUserDirectory">
 <a name="GUserDirectory"></a><h3>enum GUserDirectory</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting">typedef enum {
   G_USER_DIRECTORY_DESKTOP,
   G_USER_DIRECTORY_DOCUMENTS,
   G_USER_DIRECTORY_DOWNLOAD,
   G_USER_DIRECTORY_MUSIC,
   G_USER_DIRECTORY_PICTURES,
   G_USER_DIRECTORY_PUBLIC_SHARE,
   G_USER_DIRECTORY_TEMPLATES,
   G_USER_DIRECTORY_VIDEOS,

   G_USER_N_DIRECTORIES
 } GUserDirectory;
 </pre>
 <p>
 These are logical ids for special directories which are defined
 depending on the platform used. You should use <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-get-user-special-dir" title="g_get_user_special_dir ()"><code class="function">g_get_user_special_dir()</code></a>
 to retrieve the full path associated to the logical id.
 </p>
 <p>
 The <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#GUserDirectory" title="enum GUserDirectory"><span class="type">GUserDirectory</span></a> enumeration can be extended at later date. Not
 every platform has a directory for every logical id in this
 enumeration.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td><p><a name="G-USER-DIRECTORY-DESKTOP:CAPS"></a><span class="term"><code class="literal">G_USER_DIRECTORY_DESKTOP</code></span></p></td>
 <td>the user's Desktop directory
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><a name="G-USER-DIRECTORY-DOCUMENTS:CAPS"></a><span class="term"><code class="literal">G_USER_DIRECTORY_DOCUMENTS</code></span></p></td>
 <td>the user's Documents directory
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><a name="G-USER-DIRECTORY-DOWNLOAD:CAPS"></a><span class="term"><code class="literal">G_USER_DIRECTORY_DOWNLOAD</code></span></p></td>
 <td>the user's Downloads directory
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><a name="G-USER-DIRECTORY-MUSIC:CAPS"></a><span class="term"><code class="literal">G_USER_DIRECTORY_MUSIC</code></span></p></td>
 <td>the user's Music directory
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><a name="G-USER-DIRECTORY-PICTURES:CAPS"></a><span class="term"><code class="literal">G_USER_DIRECTORY_PICTURES</code></span></p></td>
 <td>the user's Pictures directory
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><a name="G-USER-DIRECTORY-PUBLIC-SHARE:CAPS"></a><span class="term"><code class="literal">G_USER_DIRECTORY_PUBLIC_SHARE</code></span></p></td>
 <td>the user's shared directory
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><a name="G-USER-DIRECTORY-TEMPLATES:CAPS"></a><span class="term"><code class="literal">G_USER_DIRECTORY_TEMPLATES</code></span></p></td>
 <td>the user's Templates directory
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><a name="G-USER-DIRECTORY-VIDEOS:CAPS"></a><span class="term"><code class="literal">G_USER_DIRECTORY_VIDEOS</code></span></p></td>
 <td>the user's Movies directory
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><a name="G-USER-N-DIRECTORIES:CAPS"></a><span class="term"><code class="literal">G_USER_N_DIRECTORIES</code></span></p></td>
 <td>the number of enum values
 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table></div>
 <p class="since">Since 2.14</p>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_get_user_special_dir ()">
 <a name="g-get-user-special-dir"></a><h3>g_get_user_special_dir ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting">const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        g_get_user_special_dir              (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#GUserDirectory" title="enum GUserDirectory"><span class="type">GUserDirectory</span></a> directory</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Returns the full path of a special directory using its logical id.
 </p>
 <p>
 On Unix this is done using the XDG special user directories.
 For compatibility with existing practise, <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#G-USER-DIRECTORY-DESKTOP:CAPS"><code class="literal">G_USER_DIRECTORY_DESKTOP</code></a>
 falls back to <code class="filename">$HOME/Desktop</code> when XDG special
 user directories have not been set up.
 </p>
 <p>
 Depending on the platform, the user might be able to change the path
 of the special directory without requiring the session to restart; GLib
 will not reflect any change once the special directories are loaded.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>directory</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>the logical id of special directory
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> the path to the specified special directory, or <a class="link" href="glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS" title="NULL"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a>
   if the logical id was not found. The returned string is owned by
   GLib and should not be modified or freed.

 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table></div>
 <p class="since">Since 2.14</p>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_get_system_data_dirs ()">
 <a name="g-get-system-data-dirs"></a><h3>g_get_system_data_dirs ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting">const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>* const * g_get_system_data_dirs             (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Returns an ordered list of base directories in which to access
 system-wide application data.
 </p>
 <p>
 On UNIX platforms this is determined using the mechanisms described in
 the <a class="ulink" href="http://www.freedesktop.org/Standards/basedir-spec" target="_top">
 XDG Base Directory Specification</a>
 </p>
 <p>
 On Windows the first elements in the list are the Application Data
 and Documents folders for All Users. (These can be determined only
 on Windows 2000 or later and are not present in the list on other
 Windows versions.) See documentation for CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA and
 CSIDL_COMMON_DOCUMENTS.
 </p>
 <p>
 Then follows the "share" subfolder in the installation folder for
 the package containing the DLL that calls this function, if it can
 be determined.
 </p>
 <p>
 Finally the list contains the "share" subfolder in the installation
 folder for GLib, and in the installation folder for the package the
 application's .exe file belongs to.
 </p>
 <p>
 The installation folders above are determined by looking up the
 folder where the module (DLL or EXE) in question is located. If the
 folder's name is "bin", its parent is used, otherwise the folder
 itself.
 </p>
 <p>
 Note that on Windows the returned list can vary depending on where
 this function is called.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody><tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> a <a class="link" href="glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS" title="NULL"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a>-terminated array of strings owned by GLib that must
               not be modified or freed.
 </td>
 </tr></tbody>
 </table></div>
 <p class="since">Since 2.6</p>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_get_system_config_dirs ()">
 <a name="g-get-system-config-dirs"></a><h3>g_get_system_config_dirs ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting">const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>* const * g_get_system_config_dirs           (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Returns an ordered list of base directories in which to access
 system-wide configuration information.
 </p>
 <p>
 On UNIX platforms this is determined using the mechanisms described in
 the <a class="ulink" href="http://www.freedesktop.org/Standards/basedir-spec" target="_top">
 XDG Base Directory Specification</a>
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody><tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> a <a class="link" href="glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS" title="NULL"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a>-terminated array of strings owned by GLib that must
               not be modified or freed.
 </td>
 </tr></tbody>
 </table></div>
 <p class="since">Since 2.6</p>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_reload_user_special_dirs_cache ()">
 <a name="g-reload-user-special-dirs-cache"></a><h3>g_reload_user_special_dirs_cache ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span>                g_reload_user_special_dirs_cache    (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Resets the cache used for <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-get-user-special-dir" title="g_get_user_special_dir ()"><code class="function">g_get_user_special_dir()</code></a>, so
 that the latest on-disk version is used. Call this only
 if you just changed the data on disk yourself.
 </p>
 <p>
 Due to threadsafety issues this may cause leaking of strings
 that were previously returned from <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-get-user-special-dir" title="g_get_user_special_dir ()"><code class="function">g_get_user_special_dir()</code></a>
 that can't be freed. We ensure to only leak the data for
 the directories that actually changed value though.
 </p>
 <p class="since">Since 2.22</p>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_get_host_name ()">
 <a name="g-get-host-name"></a><h3>g_get_host_name ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting">const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        g_get_host_name                     (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Return a name for the machine.
 </p>
 <p>
 The returned name is not necessarily a fully-qualified domain name,
 or even present in DNS or some other name service at all. It need
 not even be unique on your local network or site, but usually it
 is. Callers should not rely on the return value having any specific
 properties like uniqueness for security purposes. Even if the name
 of the machine is changed while an application is running, the
 return value from this function does not change. The returned
 string is owned by GLib and should not be modified or freed. If no
 name can be determined, a default fixed string "localhost" is
 returned.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody><tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> the host name of the machine.

 </td>
 </tr></tbody>
 </table></div>
 <p class="since">Since 2.8</p>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_get_home_dir ()">
 <a name="g-get-home-dir"></a><h3>g_get_home_dir ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting">const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        g_get_home_dir                      (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Gets the current user's home directory as defined in the
 password database.
 </p>
 <p>
 Note that in contrast to traditional UNIX tools, this function
 prefers <code class="filename">passwd</code> entries over the <code class="envar">HOME</code>
 environment variable.
 </p>
 <p>
 One of the reasons for this decision is that applications in many
 cases need special handling to deal with the case where
 <code class="envar">HOME</code> is
 </p>
 <table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist">
 <tr><td>Not owned by the user</td></tr>
 <tr><td>Not writeable</td></tr>
 <tr><td>Not even readable</td></tr>
 </table>
 <p>
 Since applications are in general <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> written
 to deal with these situations it was considered better to make
 <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-get-home-dir" title="g_get_home_dir ()"><code class="function">g_get_home_dir()</code></a> not pay attention to <code class="envar">HOME</code> and to
 return the real home directory for the user. If applications
 want to pay attention to <code class="envar">HOME</code>, they can do:
 </p>
 <div class="informalexample">
   <table class="listing_frame" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
     <tbody>
       <tr>
         <td class="listing_lines" align="right"><pre>1
 2
 3</pre></td>
         <td class="listing_code"><pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">const</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="type">char</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">*</span><span class="normal">homedir </span><span class="symbol">=</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="function"><a href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-getenv">g_getenv</a></span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="string">"HOME"</span><span class="symbol">);</span>
 <span class="normal"> </span><span class="keyword">if</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(!</span><span class="normal">homedir</span><span class="symbol">)</span>
 <span class="normal">    homedir </span><span class="symbol">=</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="function"><a href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-get-home-dir">g_get_home_dir</a></span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">();</span></pre></td>
       </tr>
     </tbody>
   </table>
 </div>

 <p>
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody><tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> the current user's home directory
 </td>
 </tr></tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_get_tmp_dir ()">
 <a name="g-get-tmp-dir"></a><h3>g_get_tmp_dir ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting">const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        g_get_tmp_dir                       (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Gets the directory to use for temporary files. This is found from
 inspecting the environment variables <code class="envar">TMPDIR</code>,
 <code class="envar">TMP</code>, and <code class="envar">TEMP</code> in that order. If none
 of those are defined "/tmp" is returned on UNIX and "C:\" on Windows.
 The encoding of the returned string is system-defined. On Windows,
 it is always UTF-8. The return value is never <a class="link" href="glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS" title="NULL"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a>.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody><tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> the directory to use for temporary files.
 </td>
 </tr></tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_get_current_dir ()">
 <a name="g-get-current-dir"></a><h3>g_get_current_dir ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*              g_get_current_dir                   (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Gets the current directory.
 The returned string should be freed when no longer needed. The encoding
 of the returned string is system defined. On Windows, it is always UTF-8.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody><tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> the current directory.
 </td>
 </tr></tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_basename ()">
 <a name="g-basename"></a><h3>g_basename ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting">const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        g_basename                          (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *file_name</code></em>);</pre>
 <div class="warning" title="Warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
 <h3 class="title">Warning</h3>
 <p><code class="literal">g_basename</code> has been deprecated since version 2.2 and should not be used in newly-written code. Use <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-path-get-basename" title="g_path_get_basename ()"><code class="function">g_path_get_basename()</code></a> instead, but notice that
 <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-path-get-basename" title="g_path_get_basename ()"><code class="function">g_path_get_basename()</code></a> allocates new memory for the returned string, unlike
 this function which returns a pointer into the argument.</p>
 </div>
 <p>
 Gets the name of the file without any leading directory components.
 It returns a pointer into the given file name string.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>file_name</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>the name of the file.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> the name of the file without any leading directory components.

 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_dirname">
 <a name="g-dirname"></a><h3>g_dirname</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting">#define             g_dirname</pre>
 <div class="warning" title="Warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
 <h3 class="title">Warning</h3>
 <p><code class="literal">g_dirname</code> is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.</p>
 </div>
 <p>
 This function is deprecated and will be removed in the next major
 release of GLib. Use <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-path-get-dirname" title="g_path_get_dirname ()"><code class="function">g_path_get_dirname()</code></a> instead.
 </p>
 <p>
 Gets the directory components of a file name.
 If the file name has no directory components "." is returned.
 The returned string should be freed when no longer needed.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody><tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td>the directory components of the file.
 </td>
 </tr></tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_path_is_absolute ()">
 <a name="g-path-is-absolute"></a><h3>g_path_is_absolute ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gboolean" title="gboolean"><span class="returnvalue">gboolean</span></a>            g_path_is_absolute                  (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *file_name</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Returns <a class="link" href="glib-Standard-Macros.html#TRUE:CAPS" title="TRUE"><code class="literal">TRUE</code></a> if the given <em class="parameter"><code>file_name</code></em> is an absolute file name,
 i.e. it contains a full path from the root directory such as "/usr/local"
 on UNIX or "C:\windows" on Windows systems.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>file_name</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>a file name.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> <a class="link" href="glib-Standard-Macros.html#TRUE:CAPS" title="TRUE"><code class="literal">TRUE</code></a> if <em class="parameter"><code>file_name</code></em> is an absolute path.
 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_path_skip_root ()">
 <a name="g-path-skip-root"></a><h3>g_path_skip_root ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting">const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*        g_path_skip_root                    (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *file_name</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Returns a pointer into <em class="parameter"><code>file_name</code></em> after the root component, i.e. after
 the "/" in UNIX or "C:\" under Windows. If <em class="parameter"><code>file_name</code></em> is not an absolute
 path it returns <a class="link" href="glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS" title="NULL"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a>.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>file_name</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>a file name.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> a pointer into <em class="parameter"><code>file_name</code></em> after the root component.
 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_path_get_basename ()">
 <a name="g-path-get-basename"></a><h3>g_path_get_basename ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*              g_path_get_basename                 (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *file_name</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Gets the last component of the filename. If <em class="parameter"><code>file_name</code></em> ends with a
 directory separator it gets the component before the last slash. If
 <em class="parameter"><code>file_name</code></em> consists only of directory separators (and on Windows,
 possibly a drive letter), a single separator is returned. If
 <em class="parameter"><code>file_name</code></em> is empty, it gets ".".
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>file_name</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>the name of the file.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> a newly allocated string containing the last component of
   the filename.
 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_path_get_dirname ()">
 <a name="g-path-get-dirname"></a><h3>g_path_get_dirname ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*              g_path_get_dirname                  (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *file_name</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Gets the directory components of a file name.  If the file name has no
 directory components "." is returned.  The returned string should be
 freed when no longer needed.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>file_name</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>the name of the file.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> the directory components of the file.
 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_build_filename ()">
 <a name="g-build-filename"></a><h3>g_build_filename ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a> *             g_build_filename                    (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *first_element</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code>...</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Creates a filename from a series of elements using the correct
 separator for filenames.
 </p>
 <p>
 On Unix, this function behaves identically to <code class="literal">g_build_path
 (G_DIR_SEPARATOR_S, first_element, ....)</code>.
 </p>
 <p>
 On Windows, it takes into account that either the backslash
 (<code class="literal">\</code> or slash (<code class="literal">/</code>) can be used
 as separator in filenames, but otherwise behaves as on Unix. When
 file pathname separators need to be inserted, the one that last
 previously occurred in the parameters (reading from left to right)
 is used.
 </p>
 <p>
 No attempt is made to force the resulting filename to be an absolute
 path. If the first element is a relative path, the result will
 be a relative path.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>first_element</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>the first element in the path
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>...</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>remaining elements in path, terminated by <a class="link" href="glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS" title="NULL"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a>
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> a newly-allocated string that must be freed with <a class="link" href="glib-Memory-Allocation.html#g-free" title="g_free ()"><code class="function">g_free()</code></a>.
 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_build_filenamev ()">
 <a name="g-build-filenamev"></a><h3>g_build_filenamev ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a> *             g_build_filenamev                   (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> **args</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Behaves exactly like <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-build-filename" title="g_build_filename ()"><code class="function">g_build_filename()</code></a>, but takes the path elements
 as a string array, instead of varargs. This function is mainly
 meant for language bindings.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>args</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>
 <a class="link" href="glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS" title="NULL"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a>-terminated array of strings containing the path elements.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> a newly-allocated string that must be freed with <a class="link" href="glib-Memory-Allocation.html#g-free" title="g_free ()"><code class="function">g_free()</code></a>.

 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table></div>
 <p class="since">Since 2.8</p>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_build_path ()">
 <a name="g-build-path"></a><h3>g_build_path ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a> *             g_build_path                        (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *separator</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *first_element</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code>...</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Creates a path from a series of elements using <em class="parameter"><code>separator</code></em> as the
 separator between elements. At the boundary between two elements,
 any trailing occurrences of separator in the first element, or
 leading occurrences of separator in the second element are removed
 and exactly one copy of the separator is inserted.
 </p>
 <p>
 Empty elements are ignored.
 </p>
 <p>
 The number of leading copies of the separator on the result is
 the same as the number of leading copies of the separator on
 the first non-empty element.
 </p>
 <p>
 The number of trailing copies of the separator on the result is
 the same as the number of trailing copies of the separator on
 the last non-empty element. (Determination of the number of
 trailing copies is done without stripping leading copies, so
 if the separator is <code class="literal">ABA</code>, <code class="literal">ABABA</code>
 has 1 trailing copy.)
 </p>
 <p>
 However, if there is only a single non-empty element, and there
 are no characters in that element not part of the leading or
 trailing separators, then the result is exactly the original value
 of that element.
 </p>
 <p>
 Other than for determination of the number of leading and trailing
 copies of the separator, elements consisting only of copies
 of the separator are ignored.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>separator</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>a string used to separator the elements of the path.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>first_element</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>the first element in the path
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>...</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>remaining elements in path, terminated by <a class="link" href="glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS" title="NULL"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a>
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> a newly-allocated string that must be freed with <a class="link" href="glib-Memory-Allocation.html#g-free" title="g_free ()"><code class="function">g_free()</code></a>.
 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_build_pathv ()">
 <a name="g-build-pathv"></a><h3>g_build_pathv ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a> *             g_build_pathv                       (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *separator</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> **args</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Behaves exactly like <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-build-path" title="g_build_path ()"><code class="function">g_build_path()</code></a>, but takes the path elements
 as a string array, instead of varargs. This function is mainly
 meant for language bindings.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>separator</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>a string used to separator the elements of the path.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>args</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>
 <a class="link" href="glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS" title="NULL"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a>-terminated array of strings containing the path elements.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> a newly-allocated string that must be freed with <a class="link" href="glib-Memory-Allocation.html#g-free" title="g_free ()"><code class="function">g_free()</code></a>.

 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table></div>
 <p class="since">Since 2.8</p>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_format_size_for_display ()">
 <a name="g-format-size-for-display"></a><h3>g_format_size_for_display ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">char</span> *              g_format_size_for_display           (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#goffset" title="goffset"><span class="type">goffset</span></a> size</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Formats a size (for example the size of a file) into a human readable string.
 Sizes are rounded to the nearest size prefix (KB, MB, GB) and are displayed
 rounded to the nearest  tenth. E.g. the file size 3292528 bytes will be
 converted into the string "3.1 MB".
 </p>
 <p>
 The prefix units base is 1024 (i.e. 1 KB is 1024 bytes).
 </p>
 <p>
 This string should be freed with <a class="link" href="glib-Memory-Allocation.html#g-free" title="g_free ()"><code class="function">g_free()</code></a> when not needed any longer.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>size</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>a size in bytes.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> a newly-allocated formatted string containing a human readable
          file size.

 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table></div>
 <p class="since">Since 2.16</p>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_find_program_in_path ()">
 <a name="g-find-program-in-path"></a><h3>g_find_program_in_path ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="returnvalue">gchar</span></a>*              g_find_program_in_path              (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *program</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Locates the first executable named <em class="parameter"><code>program</code></em> in the user's path, in the
 same way that <code class="function">execvp()</code> would locate it. Returns an allocated string
 with the absolute path name, or <a class="link" href="glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS" title="NULL"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a> if the program is not found in
 the path. If <em class="parameter"><code>program</code></em> is already an absolute path, returns a copy of
 <em class="parameter"><code>program</code></em> if <em class="parameter"><code>program</code></em> exists and is executable, and <a class="link" href="glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS" title="NULL"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a> otherwise.

 On Windows, if <em class="parameter"><code>program</code></em> does not have a file type suffix, tries
 with the suffixes .exe, .cmd, .bat and .com, and the suffixes in
 the <code class="envar">PATHEXT</code> environment variable.
 </p>
 <p>
 On Windows, it looks for the file in the same way as <code class="function">CreateProcess()</code>
 would. This means first in the directory where the executing
 program was loaded from, then in the current directory, then in the
 Windows 32-bit system directory, then in the Windows directory, and
 finally in the directories in the <code class="envar">PATH</code> environment
 variable. If the program is found, the return value contains the
 full name including the type suffix.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>program</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>a program name in the GLib file name encoding
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> absolute path, or <a class="link" href="glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS" title="NULL"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a>
 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_bit_nth_lsf ()">
 <a name="g-bit-nth-lsf"></a><h3>g_bit_nth_lsf ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gint" title="gint"><span class="returnvalue">gint</span></a>                g_bit_nth_lsf                       (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gulong" title="gulong"><span class="type">gulong</span></a> mask</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gint" title="gint"><span class="type">gint</span></a> nth_bit</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Find the position of the first bit set in <em class="parameter"><code>mask</code></em>, searching from (but not
 including) <em class="parameter"><code>nth_bit</code></em> upwards. Bits are numbered from 0 (least significant)
 to sizeof(<a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gulong" title="gulong"><span class="type">gulong</span></a>) * 8 - 1 (31 or 63, usually). To start searching from the
 0th bit, set <em class="parameter"><code>nth_bit</code></em> to -1.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>mask</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>a <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gulong" title="gulong"><span class="type">gulong</span></a> containing flags.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>nth_bit</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>the index of the bit to start the search from.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td>the index of the first bit set which is higher than <em class="parameter"><code>nth_bit</code></em>.
 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_bit_nth_msf ()">
 <a name="g-bit-nth-msf"></a><h3>g_bit_nth_msf ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gint" title="gint"><span class="returnvalue">gint</span></a>                g_bit_nth_msf                       (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gulong" title="gulong"><span class="type">gulong</span></a> mask</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gint" title="gint"><span class="type">gint</span></a> nth_bit</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Find the position of the first bit set in <em class="parameter"><code>mask</code></em>, searching from (but not
 including) <em class="parameter"><code>nth_bit</code></em> downwards. Bits are numbered from 0 (least significant)
 to sizeof(<a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gulong" title="gulong"><span class="type">gulong</span></a>) * 8 - 1 (31 or 63, usually). To start searching from the
 last bit, set <em class="parameter"><code>nth_bit</code></em> to -1 or GLIB_SIZEOF_LONG * 8.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>mask</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>a <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gulong" title="gulong"><span class="type">gulong</span></a> containing flags.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>nth_bit</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>the index of the bit to start the search from.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td>the index of the first bit set which is lower than <em class="parameter"><code>nth_bit</code></em>.
 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_bit_storage ()">
 <a name="g-bit-storage"></a><h3>g_bit_storage ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint" title="guint"><span class="returnvalue">guint</span></a>               g_bit_storage                       (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gulong" title="gulong"><span class="type">gulong</span></a> number</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Gets the number of bits used to hold <em class="parameter"><code>number</code></em>,
 e.g. if <em class="parameter"><code>number</code></em> is 4, 3 bits are needed.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>number</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>a guint.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td>the number of bits used to hold <em class="parameter"><code>number</code></em>.
 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_spaced_primes_closest ()">
 <a name="g-spaced-primes-closest"></a><h3>g_spaced_primes_closest ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint" title="guint"><span class="returnvalue">guint</span></a>               g_spaced_primes_closest             (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint" title="guint"><span class="type">guint</span></a> num</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Gets the smallest prime number from a built-in array of primes which
 is larger than <em class="parameter"><code>num</code></em>. This is used within GLib to calculate the optimum
 size of a <a class="link" href="glib-Hash-Tables.html#GHashTable" title="GHashTable"><span class="type">GHashTable</span></a>.
 </p>
 <p>
 The built-in array of primes ranges from 11 to 13845163 such that
 each prime is approximately 1.5-2 times the previous prime.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>num</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>a <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint" title="guint"><span class="type">guint</span></a>.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td>the smallest prime number from a built-in array of primes which is
 larger than <em class="parameter"><code>num</code></em>.
 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_atexit ()">
 <a name="g-atexit"></a><h3>g_atexit ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span>                g_atexit                            (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#GVoidFunc" title="GVoidFunc ()"><span class="type">GVoidFunc</span></a> func</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Specifies a function to be called at normal program termination.
 </p>
 <p>
 Since GLib 2.8.2, on Windows <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-atexit" title="g_atexit ()"><code class="function">g_atexit()</code></a> actually is a preprocessor
 macro that maps to a call to the <code class="function">atexit()</code> function in the C
 library. This means that in case the code that calls <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-atexit" title="g_atexit ()"><code class="function">g_atexit()</code></a>,
 i.e. <code class="function">atexit()</code>, is in a DLL, the function will be called when the
 DLL is detached from the program. This typically makes more sense
 than that the function is called when the GLib DLL is detached,
 which happened earlier when <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-atexit" title="g_atexit ()"><code class="function">g_atexit()</code></a> was a function in the GLib
 DLL.
 </p>
 <p>
 The behaviour of <code class="function">atexit()</code> in the context of dynamically loaded
 modules is not formally specified and varies wildly.
 </p>
 <p>
 On POSIX systems, calling <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-atexit" title="g_atexit ()"><code class="function">g_atexit()</code></a> (or <code class="function">atexit()</code>) in a dynamically
 loaded module which is unloaded before the program terminates might
 well cause a crash at program exit.
 </p>
 <p>
 Some POSIX systems implement <code class="function">atexit()</code> like Windows, and have each
 dynamically loaded module maintain an own atexit chain that is
 called when the module is unloaded.
 </p>
 <p>
 On other POSIX systems, before a dynamically loaded module is
 unloaded, the registered atexit functions (if any) residing in that
 module are called, regardless where the code that registered them
 resided. This is presumably the most robust approach.
 </p>
 <p>
 As can be seen from the above, for portability it's best to avoid
 calling <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-atexit" title="g_atexit ()"><code class="function">g_atexit()</code></a> (or <code class="function">atexit()</code>) except in the main executable of a
 program.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody><tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>func</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>the function to call on normal program termination.
 </td>
 </tr></tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_parse_debug_string ()">
 <a name="g-parse-debug-string"></a><h3>g_parse_debug_string ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint" title="guint"><span class="returnvalue">guint</span></a>               g_parse_debug_string                (<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *string</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#GDebugKey" title="GDebugKey"><span class="type">GDebugKey</span></a> *keys</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint" title="guint"><span class="type">guint</span></a> nkeys</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Parses a string containing debugging options
 into a <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint" title="guint"><code class="literal">guint</code></a> containing bit flags. This is used
 within GDK and GTK+ to parse the debug options passed on the
 command line or through environment variables.
 </p>
 <p>
 If <em class="parameter"><code>string</code></em> is equal to "all", all flags are set.  If <em class="parameter"><code>string</code></em>
 is equal to "help", all the available keys in <em class="parameter"><code>keys</code></em> are printed
 out to standard error.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>string</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>a list of debug options separated by colons, spaces, or
 commas, or <a class="link" href="glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS" title="NULL"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a>.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>keys</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>pointer to an array of <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#GDebugKey" title="GDebugKey"><span class="type">GDebugKey</span></a> which associate
     strings with bit flags.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>nkeys</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>the number of <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#GDebugKey" title="GDebugKey"><span class="type">GDebugKey</span></a>s in the array.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
 <td> the combined set of bit flags.
 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="GDebugKey">
 <a name="GDebugKey"></a><h3>GDebugKey</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting">typedef struct {
   const gchar *key;
   guint	       value;
 } GDebugKey;
 </pre>
 <p>
 Associates a string with a bit flag.
 Used in <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-parse-debug-string" title="g_parse_debug_string ()"><code class="function">g_parse_debug_string()</code></a>.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term">const <a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gchar" title="gchar"><span class="type">gchar</span></a> *<em class="structfield"><code><a name="GDebugKey.key"></a>key</code></em>;</span></p></td>
 <td>the string
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint" title="guint"><span class="type">guint</span></a> <em class="structfield"><code><a name="GDebugKey.value"></a>value</code></em>;</span></p></td>
 <td>the flag
 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="GVoidFunc ()">
 <a name="GVoidFunc"></a><h3>GVoidFunc ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span>                (*GVoidFunc)                        (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">void</span></code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Declares a type of function which takes no arguments and has no return value.
 It is used to specify the type function passed to <a class="link" href="glib-Miscellaneous-Utility-Functions.html#g-atexit" title="g_atexit ()"><code class="function">g_atexit()</code></a>.
 </p>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="GFreeFunc ()">
 <a name="GFreeFunc"></a><h3>GFreeFunc ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span>                (*GFreeFunc)                        (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gpointer" title="gpointer"><span class="type">gpointer</span></a> data</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Declares a type of function which takes an arbitrary data pointer argument
 and has no return value. It is not currently used in GLib or GTK+.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody><tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>data</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>a data pointer.
 </td>
 </tr></tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_qsort_with_data ()">
 <a name="g-qsort-with-data"></a><h3>g_qsort_with_data ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span>                g_qsort_with_data                   (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gconstpointer" title="gconstpointer"><span class="type">gconstpointer</span></a> pbase</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gint" title="gint"><span class="type">gint</span></a> total_elems</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gsize" title="gsize"><span class="type">gsize</span></a> size</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Doubly-Linked-Lists.html#GCompareDataFunc" title="GCompareDataFunc ()"><span class="type">GCompareDataFunc</span></a> compare_func</code></em>,
                                                          <em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gpointer" title="gpointer"><span class="type">gpointer</span></a> user_data</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 This is just like the standard C <code class="function">qsort()</code> function, but
 the comparison routine accepts a user data argument.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>pbase</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>start of array to sort
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>total_elems</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>elements in the array
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>size</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>size of each element
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>compare_func</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>function to compare elements
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>user_data</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>data to pass to <em class="parameter"><code>compare_func</code></em>
 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <div class="refsect2" title="g_nullify_pointer ()">
 <a name="g-nullify-pointer"></a><h3>g_nullify_pointer ()</h3>
 <pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span>                g_nullify_pointer                   (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gpointer" title="gpointer"><span class="type">gpointer</span></a> *nullify_location</code></em>);</pre>
 <p>
 Set the pointer at the specified location to <a class="link" href="glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS" title="NULL"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a>.
 </p>
 <div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
 <col align="left" valign="top">
 <tbody><tr>
 <td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>nullify_location</code></em> :</span></p></td>
 <td>the memory address of the pointer.
 </td>
 </tr></tbody>
 </table></div>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
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