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# Copyright (c) 2020 ARM Limited
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#
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# to a hardware implementation of the functionality of the software
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# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer;
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# neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its
# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
# this software without specific prior written permission.
#
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
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# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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import math
import argparse
import m5
from m5.objects import *
from m5.util import addToPath
from m5.stats import periodicStatDump
addToPath("../")
from common import ObjectList
from common import MemConfig
# this script is helpful to sweep the efficiency of a specific memory
# controller configuration, by varying the number of banks accessed,
# and the sequential stride size (how many bytes per activate), and
# observe what bus utilisation (bandwidth) is achieved
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
nvm_generators = {"NVM": lambda x: x.createNvm}
# Use a single-channel DDR3-1600 x64 (8x8 topology) by default
parser.add_argument(
"--nvm-type",
default="NVM_2400_1x64",
choices=ObjectList.mem_list.get_names(),
help="type of memory to use",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--nvm-ranks",
"-r",
type=int,
default=1,
help="Number of ranks to iterate across",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--rd_perc", type=int, default=100, help="Percentage of read commands"
)
parser.add_argument(
"--mode",
default="NVM",
choices=nvm_generators.keys(),
help="NVM: Random traffic",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--addr-map",
choices=ObjectList.dram_addr_map_list.get_names(),
default="RoRaBaCoCh",
help="NVM address map policy",
)
args = parser.parse_args()
# at the moment we stay with the default open-adaptive page policy,
# and address mapping
# start with the system itself, using a multi-layer 2.0 GHz
# crossbar, delivering 64 bytes / 3 cycles (one header cycle)
# which amounts to 42.7 GByte/s per layer and thus per port
system = System(membus=IOXBar(width=32))
system.clk_domain = SrcClockDomain(
clock="2.0GHz", voltage_domain=VoltageDomain(voltage="1V")
)
# we are fine with 256 MB memory for now
mem_range = AddrRange("512MB")
system.mem_ranges = [mem_range]
# do not worry about reserving space for the backing store
system.mmap_using_noreserve = True
# force a single channel to match the assumptions in the DRAM traffic
# generator
args.mem_channels = 1
args.external_memory_system = 0
MemConfig.config_mem(args, system)
# the following assumes that we are using the native memory
# controller with an NVM interface, check to be sure
if not isinstance(system.mem_ctrls[0], m5.objects.MemCtrl):
fatal("This script assumes the controller is a MemCtrl subclass")
if not isinstance(system.mem_ctrls[0].dram, m5.objects.NVMInterface):
fatal("This script assumes the memory is a NVMInterface class")
# there is no point slowing things down by saving any data
system.mem_ctrls[0].dram.null = True
# Set the address mapping based on input argument
system.mem_ctrls[0].dram.addr_mapping = args.addr_map
# stay in each state for 0.25 ms, long enough to warm things up, and
# short enough to avoid hitting a refresh
period = 250000000
# stay in each state as long as the dump/reset period, use the entire
# range, issue transactions of the right DRAM burst size, and match
# the DRAM maximum bandwidth to ensure that it is saturated
# get the number of regions
nbr_banks = system.mem_ctrls[0].dram.banks_per_rank.value
# determine the burst length in bytes
burst_size = int(
(
system.mem_ctrls[0].dram.devices_per_rank.value
* system.mem_ctrls[0].dram.device_bus_width.value
* system.mem_ctrls[0].dram.burst_length.value
)
/ 8
)
# next, get the page size in bytes
buffer_size = (
system.mem_ctrls[0].dram.devices_per_rank.value
* system.mem_ctrls[0].dram.device_rowbuffer_size.value
)
# match the maximum bandwidth of the memory, the parameter is in seconds
# and we need it in ticks (ps)
itt = system.mem_ctrls[0].dram.tBURST.value * 1000000000000
# assume we start at 0
max_addr = mem_range.end
# use min of the page size and 512 bytes as that should be more than
# enough
max_stride = min(256, buffer_size)
# create a traffic generator, and point it to the file we just created
system.tgen = PyTrafficGen()
# add a communication monitor
system.monitor = CommMonitor()
# connect the traffic generator to the bus via a communication monitor
system.tgen.port = system.monitor.cpu_side_port
system.monitor.mem_side_port = system.membus.cpu_side_ports
# connect the system port even if it is not used in this example
system.system_port = system.membus.cpu_side_ports
# every period, dump and reset all stats
periodicStatDump(period)
# run Forrest, run!
root = Root(full_system=False, system=system)
root.system.mem_mode = "timing"
m5.instantiate()
def trace():
addr_map = ObjectList.dram_addr_map_list.get(args.addr_map)
generator = nvm_generators[args.mode](system.tgen)
for stride_size in range(burst_size, max_stride + 1, burst_size):
for bank in range(1, nbr_banks + 1):
num_seq_pkts = int(math.ceil(float(stride_size) / burst_size))
yield generator(
period,
0,
max_addr,
burst_size,
int(itt),
int(itt),
args.rd_perc,
0,
num_seq_pkts,
buffer_size,
nbr_banks,
bank,
addr_map,
args.dram_ranks,
)
yield system.tgen.createExit(0)
system.tgen.start(trace())
m5.simulate()
print(
"NVM sweep with burst: %d, banks: %d, max stride: %d"
% (burst_size, nbr_banks, max_stride)
)